scholarly journals Chasing the Achilles’ Heel in Hybrid Systems of Diruthenium Water Oxidation Catalysts Anchored on Indium Tin Oxide: The Stability of the Anchor

ACS Catalysis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 6235-6244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jann Odrobina ◽  
Julius Scholz ◽  
Marcel Risch ◽  
Sebastian Dechert ◽  
Christian Jooss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Catalysts ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals The Reactivity and Stability of Polyoxometalate Water Oxidation Electrocatalysts

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Gao ◽  
Ivan Trentin ◽  
Ludwig Schwiedrzik ◽  
Leticia González ◽  
Carsten Streb
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Homogeneous Solution ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Oxidation Catalysts ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Substrates ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
The Stability

This review describes major advances in the use of functionalized molecular metal oxides (polyoxometalates, POMs) as water oxidation catalysts under electrochemical conditions. The fundamentals of POM-based water oxidation are described, together with a brief overview of general approaches to designing POM water oxidation catalysts. Next, the use of POMs for homogeneous, solution-phase water oxidation is described together with a summary of theoretical studies shedding light on the POM-WOC mechanism. This is followed by a discussion of heterogenization of POMs on electrically conductive substrates for technologically more relevant application studies. The stability of POM water oxidation catalysts is discussed, using select examples where detailed data is already available. The review finishes with an outlook on future perspectives and emerging themes in electrocatalytic polyoxometalate-based water oxidation research.

scholarly journals Crossing the bridge from molecular catalysis to a heterogenous electrode in electrocatalytic water oxidation

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (23) ◽  
pp. 11153-11158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wu ◽  
Animesh Nayak ◽  
Jing Shao ◽  
Thomas J. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Electrolytic Cells ◽  
Conductive Substrates ◽  
Limited Surface

Significant progress has been made in designing single-site molecular Ru(II)-polypyridyl-aqua catalysts for homogenous catalytic water oxidation. Surface binding and transfer of the catalytic reactivity onto conductive substrates provides a basis for heterogeneous applications in electrolytic cells and dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells (DSPECs). Earlier efforts have focused on phosphonic acid (-PO3H2) or carboxylic acid (-CO2H) bindings on oxide surfaces. However, issues remain with limited surface stabilities, especially in aqueous solutions at higher pH under conditions that favor water oxidation by reducing the thermodynamic barrier and accelerating the catalytic rate using atom-proton transfer (APT) pathways. Here, we address the problem by combining silane surface functionalization and surface reductive electropolymerization on mesoporous, nanofilms of indium tin oxide (ITO) on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates (FTO|nanoITO). FTO|nanoITO electrodes were functionalized with vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) to introduce vinyl groups on the electrode surfaces by silane attachment, followed by surface electropolymerization of the vinyl-derivatized complex, [RuII(Mebimpy)(dvbpy)(OH2)]2+ (12+; Mebimpy: 2,6-bis(1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)pyridine; dvbpy: 5,5′-divinyl-2,2′-bipyridine), in a mechanism dominated by a grafting-through method. The surface coverage of catalyst 12+ was controlled by the number of electropolymerization cycles. The combined silane attachment/cross-linked polymer network stabilized 12+ on the electrode surface under a variety of conditions especially at pH > ∼6. Surface-grafted poly12+ was stable toward redox cycling at pH ∼ 7.5 over an ∼4-h period. Sustained heterogeneous electrocatalytic water oxidation by the electrode gave steady-state currents for at least ∼6 h with a Faradaic efficiency of ∼68% for O2 production.

scholarly journals On the Stability of Water Oxidation Catalysts: Challenges and Prospects

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Izgorodin ◽  
Orawan Winther-Jensen ◽  
Douglas R. MacFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Oxidation Catalysts ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Water

Future requirements for water splitting technologies need highly efficient water oxidation catalysts that are sufficiently stable for operation over many years. Recent research has achieved significant progress in improving the electro-catalytic activities of these catalysts. However, there has not been a strong research focus on their long-term mechanical and chemical stability, yet this is critical for commercial application. In this paper we discuss some of the chemical and thermodynamic challenges confronting this goal, as well as some of the strategies that are available to overcome them. The challenge becomes even greater in the area of photo-active electromaterials; fortunately some of the same strategies may allow progress in this area also.

scholarly journals Atomically Dispersed Iridium on Indium Tin Oxide Efficiently Catalyzes Water Oxidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1189-1198
Author(s):  
Dmitry Lebedev ◽  
Roman Ezhov ◽  
Javier Heras-Domingo ◽  
Aleix Comas-Vives ◽  
Nicolas Kaeffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Water Oxidation

Development of ternary iron vanadium oxide semiconductors for applications in photoelectrochemical water oxidation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 4992-4999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harahari Mandal ◽  
Sanjib Shyamal ◽  
Paramita Hajra ◽  
Aparajita Bera ◽  
Debasis Sariket ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Oxide Semiconductors ◽  
Coated Glass ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

Herein, we report the synthesis and photoelectrochemical characterizations of n-type Fe–V-oxide semiconductors thin film via drop cast method in different proportions onto indium tin oxide coated glass followed by annealing in air at 500 °C for 3 h.

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