Three-Dimensional Graphene Structure for Healable Flexible Electronics Based on Diels–Alder Chemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 9727-9735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Li ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Derek Ho ◽  
Songfang Zhao ◽  
Shuwen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diels Alder

Fabrication of 3D Temperature Sensor Using Magnetostrictive Inkjet Printhead

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 50405-1-50405-5
Author(s):  
Young-Woo Park ◽  
Myounggyu Noh
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Nanoparticle Ink ◽  
Inkjet Printhead

Abstract Recently, the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has attracted much attention for creating objects of arbitrary shape and manufacturing. For the first time, in this work, we present the fabrication of an inkjet printed low-cost 3D temperature sensor on a 3D-shaped thermoplastic substrate suitable for packaging, flexible electronics, and other printed applications. The design, fabrication, and testing of a 3D printed temperature sensor are presented. The sensor pattern is designed using a computer-aided design program and fabricated by drop-on-demand inkjet printing using a magnetostrictive inkjet printhead at room temperature. The sensor pattern is printed using commercially available conductive silver nanoparticle ink. A moving speed of 90 mm/min is chosen to print the sensor pattern. The inkjet printed temperature sensor is demonstrated, and it is characterized by good electrical properties, exhibiting good sensitivity and linearity. The results indicate that 3D inkjet printing technology may have great potential for applications in sensor fabrication.

A covalently cross-linked reduced functionalized graphene oxide/polyurethane composite based on Diels–Alder chemistry and its potential application in healable flexible electronics

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Li ◽  
Guoping Zhang ◽  
Rong Sun ◽  
Ching-Ping Wong
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyurethane Composite

A novel composite of reduced functionalized graphene oxide/polyurethane based on Diels–Alder chemistry was developed which could be healed microwaves with high efficiency and applied in healable flexible electronics.

scholarly journals Geometric and Kinematic Analyses and Novel Characteristics of Origami-Inspired Structures

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Chen ◽  
Jiayi Yan ◽  
Jian Feng
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pattern Design ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Kinematic Analyses ◽  
The Common

In recent years, origami structures have been gradually applied in aerospace, flexible electronics, biomedicine, robotics, and other fields. Origami can be folded from two-dimensional configurations into certain three-dimensional structures without cutting and stretching. This study first introduces basic concepts and applications of origami, and outlines the common crease patterns, whereas the design of crease patterns is focused. Through kinematic analysis and verification on origami structures, origami can be adapted for practical engineering. The novel characteristics of origami structures promote the development of self-folding robots, biomedical devices, and energy absorption members. We briefly describe the development of origami kinematics and the applications of origami characteristics in various fields. Finally, based on the current research progress of crease pattern design, kinematic analysis, and origami characteristics, research directions of origami-inspired structures are discussed.

4D printing of a self-morphing polymer driven by a swellable guest medium

Soft Matter ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jheng-Wun Su ◽  
Xiang Tao ◽  
Heng Deng ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
3D Structures

There is a significant need of advanced materials that can be fabricated into functional devices with defined three-dimensional (3D) structures for application in tissue engineering, flexible electronics, and soft robotics.

scholarly journals Theoretical Studies of Furan and Thiophene Nanothreads: Structures, Cycloaddition Barriers and Activation Volumes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Vincent Crespi ◽  
Roald Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lone Pair ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Activation Barriers ◽  
High Enthalpy ◽  
Product Molecule ◽  
Onset Pressure ◽  
Volume Decrease

<p>In this theoretical study we examine several aspects of the formation, structure, and stability of the most ordered nanothreads yet made, those derived from furan and thiophene. First, we look at the enthalpic consequences and activation barriers of the first two steps of oligomerization by a Diels-Alder mechanism. The ca. 20 GPa difference in the synthetic pressures (furan lower) is explainable in terms of greater loss of aromaticity by the thiophene. Subsequent steps have understandably lower barriers. We show explicitly how pressure affects the reaction profiles, operating through the volume decrease in the transition state and onward to the product molecule. The interesting option of polymerization proceeding in one or two directions opens up the possibility of polymers with two opposing and cumulative dipole moments. The computed activation volumes are consistently more negative for likely initial furan (compared with thiophene) polymerization steps, in accord with the lower onset pressure of furan polymerization. In the second part of our study we examine the energetics of the likely polymers. Three ordered polymer structures compete in enthalpy -- a <i>syn</i> one, with all O/S on the same side, an <i>anti </i>one, S/O alternating, and a<i> syn-anti</i> isomer, with segments of four monomers repeating. The <i>syn</i> polymer, if not allowed to distort, is at high enthalpy relative to the other two. The origin of the destabilization is apparent, being S/O lone-pair repulsion, understandably greater for S than O at the 2.8/2.6Å separation. Set free, the <i>syn</i> isomers curve or arc, in two- or three-dimensional (helical) ways, whose energetics are traced in detail. The <i>syn</i> polymer can also stabilize itself by the thread twisting into zig-zag or helical enthalpic minima. Release of strain in a linear thread as the pressure is relaxed to 1 atm, with consequent thread curving, is a likely mechanism for the observed loss of crystalline order in the polymer as it is returned to ambient pressure.<br></p>

scholarly journals Design of a Fully Integrated Inductive Coupling System: A Discrete Approach Towards Sensing Ventricular Pressure

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1525
Author(s):  
Natiely Hernández Sebastián ◽  
Noé Villa Villaseñor ◽  
Francisco-Javier Renero-Carrillo ◽  
Daniela Díaz Alonso ◽  
Wilfrido Calleja Arriaga
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Capacitive Pressure Sensor ◽  
Implantable Medical Device

In this paper, an alternative strategy for the design of a bidirectional inductive power transfer (IPT) module, intended for the continuous monitoring of cardiac pressure, is presented. This new integrated implantable medical device (IMD) was designed including a precise ventricular pressure sensor, where the available implanting room is restricted to a 1.8 × 1.8 cm2 area. This work considers a robust magnetic coupling between an external reading coil and the implantable module: a three-dimensional inductor and a touch mode capacitive pressure sensor (TMCPS) set. In this approach, the coupling modules were modelled as RCL circuits tuned at a 13.56 MHz frequency. The analytical design was validated by means of Comsol Multiphysics, CoventorWare, and ANSYS HFSS software tools. A power transmission efficiency (PTE) of 94% was achieved through a 3.5 cm-thick biological tissue, based on high magnitudes for the inductance (L) and quality factor (Q) components. A specific absorption rate (SAR) of less than 1.6 W/Kg was attained, which suggests that this IPT system can be implemented in a safe way, according to IEEE C95.1 safety guidelines. The set of inductor and capacitor integrated arrays were designed over a very thin polyimide film, where the 3D coil was 18 mm in diameter and approximately 50% reduced in size, considering any conventional counterpart. Finally, this new approach for the IMD was under development using low-cost thin film manufacturing technologies for flexible electronics. Meanwhile, as an alternative test, this novel system was fabricated using a discrete printed circuit board (PCB) approach, where preliminary electromagnetic characterization demonstrates the viability of this bidirectional IPT design.

scholarly journals Easily Synthesized Polyaniline@Cellulose Nanowhiskers Better Tune Network Structures in Ag-Based Adhesives: Examining the Improvements in Conductivity, Stability, and Flexibility

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Cao ◽  
Xiaolan Gao ◽  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Huahua Cui ◽  
Junyi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellulose Nanowhiskers ◽  
Conductive Adhesives ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Mechanical Compliance ◽  
Bending Radius ◽  
Future Potential

It is essential to develop a novel and versatile strategy for constructing electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) that have superior conductivity and high mechanical properties. In this work, easily synthesized polyaniline@cellulose (PANI@CNs) nanowhiskers with a high aspect ratio and excellent solubility in 1,4-dioxane were prepared and added to conventional Ag-containing adhesives. A small amount of PANI@CNs can dramatically tune the structure of the ECAs’ conductive network and significantly improve the conductivity of the ECAs. Good solubility of PANI@CNs in solvents brings excellent dispersion in the polymer matrix. Thus, a three-dimensional (3D) conducting network formed with dispersed PANI@CNs and Ag flakes can enhance the conductivity of ECAs. The conductivity of the ECAs (with 1.5 wt% PANI@CNs and 55 wt% Ag flakes) showed three orders of magnitude higher than that of the ECAs filled with 55 wt% Ag flakes and 65 wt% Ag flakes. Meanwhile, the integration of PANI@CNs with Ag flakes in polymer matrices also significantly enhanced the mechanical compliance of the resulted ECAs. The resistivity remained unchanged after rolling the PANI@CNs-containing ECAs’ film into a 4 mm bending radius for over 1500 cycles. A bendable printed circuit was fabricated using the above PANI@CNs-containing ECAs, which demonstrated their future potential in the field of flexible electronics.

scholarly journals Writing in the granular gel medium

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. e1500655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapomoy Bhattacharjee ◽  
Steven M. Zehnder ◽  
Kyle G. Rowe ◽  
Suhani Jain ◽  
Ryan M. Nixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Particle Engineering ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Solid States ◽  
Closed Shells

Gels made from soft microscale particles smoothly transition between the fluid and solid states, making them an ideal medium in which to create macroscopic structures with microscopic precision. While tracing out spatial paths with an injection tip, the granular gel fluidizes at the point of injection and then rapidly solidifies, trapping injected material in place. This physical approach to creating three-dimensional (3D) structures negates the effects of surface tension, gravity, and particle diffusion, allowing a limitless breadth of materials to be written. With this method, we used silicones, hydrogels, colloids, and living cells to create complex large aspect ratio 3D objects, thin closed shells, and hierarchically branched tubular networks. We crosslinked polymeric materials and removed them from the granular gel, whereas uncrosslinked particulate systems were left supported within the medium for long times. This approach can be immediately used in diverse areas, contributing to tissue engineering, flexible electronics, particle engineering, smart materials, and encapsulation technologies.

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