scholarly journals Treading Water: Tire Wear Particle Leachate Recreates an Urban Runoff Mortality Syndrome in Coho but Not Chum Salmon

Author(s):  
Jenifer K. McIntyre ◽  
Jasmine Prat ◽  
James Cameron ◽  
Jillian Wetzel ◽  
Emma Mudrock ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 111539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittney W. Parker ◽  
Barbara A. Beckingham ◽  
Brianna C. Ingram ◽  
Joseph C. Ballenger ◽  
John E. Weinstein ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Leah Chibwe ◽  
Joanne L. Parrott ◽  
Kallie Shires ◽  
Hufsa Khan ◽  
Stacey Clarence ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 105769
Author(s):  
Louise L. Halle ◽  
Annemette Palmqvist ◽  
Kristoffer Kampmann ◽  
Anders Jensen ◽  
Tobias Hansen ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Yoshio Tonegawa ◽  
Sousuke Sasaki

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to develop a new method for measuring tire-wear particles of less than 2.5 μm generated from vehicle use. We also aimed to devise a method for evaluating the emission factor of tire-wear particles. To develop an evaluation method for tire-wear particles, we examined several factors, such as how tire components in airborne particles collected on a sampling filter were measured, the comparison of tire-wear particles obtained in a laboratory study and an on-road study, a method for measuring tire-wear particles using a test vehicle, and a method for evaluating tire-wear mass using a weighting balance. Measurements of tire-wear particles were carried out using the measurement method proposed herein. The amount of tire wear that the particles generated was almost constant in a vehicle speed range of 20–40 km/h but was influenced by a change in lateral acceleration in the range of 0–0.4G. Furthermore, the relationship between the emission of tire-wear particles and the lateral acceleration force can be shown by a quadratic polynomial. We estimated the emission factor of tire-wear particles by applying the relational equation to the speed profile of the JC08 used in Japanese exhaust gas tests. The emission factor of the test tire used in this study was 3.7 mg/km-vehicle. The ratio of the tire-wear particles to tread wear mass was about 3.3% at PM2.5 and 3.7% at PM10.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Pohrt

Automotive tires have played an important role in land-based transportation and will probably continue to do so for many years to come. During their service lifetime, parts of the outer protector layer are worn off and discarded into the environment. A typical passenger car emits about 120 micrograms of rubber per meter but the exact current value depends on a multitude of influencing factors and varies greatly. We review available data on the wear rate (or inverse expected lifetime) of automotive rubber tires and extract qualitative estimations on how the most important parameters alter the deposition rate on a given road section. Local hot spots of increased tire wear particle occurrence can be identified from these parameters. It is concluded that generally subjecting tires to milder usage conditions can reduce tire wear by substantial amounts. Reducing vehicle speeds is identified as the most effective general measure.


1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-84
Author(s):  
A. R. Williams

Abstract This is a summary of work by the author and his colleagues, as well as by others reported in the literature, that demonstrate a need for considering a vehicle, its tires, and the road surface as a system. The central theme is interaction at the footprint, especially that of truck tires. Individual and interactive effects of road and tires are considered under the major topics of road aggregate (macroscopic and microscopic properties), development of a novel road surface, safety, noise, rolling resistance, riding comfort, water drainage by both road and tire, development of tire tread compounds and a proving ground, and influence of tire wear on wet traction. A general conclusion is that road surfaces have both the major effect and the greater potential for improvement.


1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wright ◽  
G. L. Pritchett ◽  
R. J. Kuster ◽  
J. D. Avouris

Abstract A method for determining the effect of suspension dynamics on tire wear has been developed. Typical city cycle maneuvers are defined by instrumented vehicle testing and data in the form of forward velocities and steer angles are used as an input to an ADAMS computer model of the vehicle. A simulation of the maneuvers generates a tire's operating environment in the form of normal load, slip, and camber variations, which contain all the subtle effects of the vehicle's suspension, steering, and handling characteristics. A cyclic repetition of the tire's operating environment is constructed and used to control an MTS Flat-Trac machine. In this way, accelerated tire wear can be generated in the laboratory which is directly related to the design features of the vehicle's suspension and steering systems.


Author(s):  
Alessandro Augusto Olimpio Ferreira Vittorino ◽  
Túlio Alves Rodrigues ◽  
Marco Aurélio Freitas Santos Júnior ◽  
Washington Martins da Silva Jr.

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