scholarly journals A Deep Dive into the Complex Chemical Mixture and Toxicity of Tire Wear Particle Leachate in Fathead Minnow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Chibwe ◽  
Joanne L. Parrott ◽  
Kallie Shires ◽  
Hufsa Khan ◽  
Stacey Clarence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Complex Chemical ◽  
Chemical Mixture ◽  
Tire Wear

scholarly journals Treading Water: Tire Wear Particle Leachate Recreates an Urban Runoff Mortality Syndrome in Coho but Not Chum Salmon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer K. McIntyre ◽  
Jasmine Prat ◽  
James Cameron ◽  
Jillian Wetzel ◽  
Emma Mudrock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Tire Wear

Microplastic and tire wear particle occurrence in fishes from an urban estuary: Influence of feeding characteristics on exposure risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 111539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittney W. Parker ◽  
Barbara A. Beckingham ◽  
Brianna C. Ingram ◽  
Joseph C. Ballenger ◽  
John E. Weinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Particle ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Urban Estuary ◽  
Tire Wear

Gasoline: A complex chemical mixture, or a dangerous vehicle for benzene exposure?

2010 ◽  
Vol 184 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 293-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Keenan ◽  
S.H. Gaffney ◽  
D.A. Galbraith ◽  
P. Beatty ◽  
D.J. Paustenbach
Keyword(s):  
Complex Chemical ◽  
Benzene Exposure ◽  
Chemical Mixture

Tire wear particle and leachate exposures from a pristine and road-worn tire to Hyalella azteca: Comparison of chemical content and biological effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 105769
Author(s):  
Louise L. Halle ◽  
Annemette Palmqvist ◽  
Kristoffer Kampmann ◽  
Anders Jensen ◽  
Tobias Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Hyalella Azteca ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Tire Wear ◽  
Chemical Content

Constituent bioconcentration in rainbow trout exposed to a complex chemical mixture

1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Linder ◽  
Harold L. Bergman ◽  
Joseph S. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Complex Chemical ◽  
Chemical Mixture

scholarly journals Development of Tire-Wear Particle Emission Measurements for Passenger Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Yoshio Tonegawa ◽  
Sousuke Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Emission Factor ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Tire Wear ◽  
Acceleration Force ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Road Study

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to develop a new method for measuring tire-wear particles of less than 2.5 μm generated from vehicle use. We also aimed to devise a method for evaluating the emission factor of tire-wear particles. To develop an evaluation method for tire-wear particles, we examined several factors, such as how tire components in airborne particles collected on a sampling filter were measured, the comparison of tire-wear particles obtained in a laboratory study and an on-road study, a method for measuring tire-wear particles using a test vehicle, and a method for evaluating tire-wear mass using a weighting balance. Measurements of tire-wear particles were carried out using the measurement method proposed herein. The amount of tire wear that the particles generated was almost constant in a vehicle speed range of 20–40 km/h but was influenced by a change in lateral acceleration in the range of 0–0.4G. Furthermore, the relationship between the emission of tire-wear particles and the lateral acceleration force can be shown by a quadratic polynomial. We estimated the emission factor of tire-wear particles by applying the relational equation to the speed profile of the JC08 used in Japanese exhaust gas tests. The emission factor of the test tire used in this study was 3.7 mg/km-vehicle. The ratio of the tire-wear particles to tread wear mass was about 3.3% at PM2.5 and 3.7% at PM10.

scholarly journals TIRE WEAR PARTICLE HOT SPOTS – REVIEW OF INFLUENCING FACTORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Pohrt
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
General Measure ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Service Lifetime ◽  
Tire Wear ◽  
Current Value ◽  
To Come ◽  
Do So

Automotive tires have played an important role in land-based transportation and will probably continue to do so for many years to come. During their service lifetime, parts of the outer protector layer are worn off and discarded into the environment. A typical passenger car emits about 120 micrograms of rubber per meter but the exact current value depends on a multitude of influencing factors and varies greatly. We review available data on the wear rate (or inverse expected lifetime) of automotive rubber tires and extract qualitative estimations on how the most important parameters alter the deposition rate on a given road section. Local hot spots of increased tire wear particle occurrence can be identified from these parameters. It is concluded that generally subjecting tires to milder usage conditions can reduce tire wear by substantial amounts. Reducing vehicle speeds is identified as the most effective general measure.

Comprehensive Study of Blockchain Technology - Architecture, Consensus and Future Trends

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Shreya Joshi ◽  
Ms Bhavyaa ◽  
Suhani Gupta ◽  
Lalita Luthra
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Product Management ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Healthcare Product ◽  
Core Technology ◽  
Technical Challenges ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Blockchain is considered to be a disruptive core technology. Although many researchers have realized the importance of blockchain, but the research of it is still emerging. It is the record-keeping technology behind bitcoin and is one of the hottest and fastest growing skills in the IT sector today. It serves as an immutable ledger which allows transactions to take place in a decentralized man Blockchain-based applications are rising up, covering numerous fields including finance, healthcare, product management, Internet of Things (IoT), and many more. However, there are still some challenges of blockchain technology such as scalability and security problems which need to be overcome. This paper comprises of a comprehensive study of Blockchain technology. We have included here a deep dive into how blockchains work, its architecture, consensus and various applications. Furthermore, technical challenges are briefly listed.

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