scholarly journals Maternal long-chain PUFA supplementation during protein deficiency improves brain fatty acid accretion in rat pups by altering the milk fatty acid composition of the dam

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi S. Ranade ◽  
Shobha S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Brain Lipids ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractLong-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) are important for fetal and neonatal brain development. However, their accretion in the brain is compromised during maternal protein restriction. Hence, we investigated the effect of maternal supplementation with n-3 DHA plus n-6 arachidonic acid (ARA) at a low protein level (9 %) on offspring brain fatty acid accretion using Wistar rats (nine rats per group) randomly fed a control (C), a low-protein (LP) or a low-protein DHA + ARA-supplemented (LPS) diet during gestation and lactation. At birth, pups from the LPS group had the highest brain DHA and n-3 fatty acid levels (P = 0·001), whereas pups from the LP group had the highest MUFA (P = 0·05) but the lowest DHA and total n-3 PUFA levels (P = 0·000). During lactation, pups from the LPS group accrued significantly more α-linolenic acid (P = 0·003), EPA (P = 0·02) and DHA (P = 0·000) in brain lipids than pups from the LP group, whereas brain lipids of pups from the LP group had markedly increased levels of the n-3 deficiency marker docosapentaenoic acid and n-6:n-3 ratio (P = 0·000). Owing to supplementation, milk from LPS dams had the highest DHA and ARA, but lower SCFA and medium-chain fatty acids as compared with milk from C and LP dams during early lactation, but normalised by mid-lactation. To conclude, adverse effects of restricted maternal protein intake on LC-PUFA accretion in the brain of offspring were ameliorated by alterations in maternal milk fatty acid profile due to supplementation. Results underscore the importance of LC-PUFA for protein-deficient mothers during gestation as well as lactation to achieve the optimum brain LC-PUFA status of progeny.

scholarly journals Erythrocyte DHA level as a biomarker of DHA status in specific brain regions of n-3 long-chain PUFA-supplemented aged rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1805-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Létondor ◽  
Benjamin Buaud ◽  
Carole Vaysse ◽  
Laurence Fonseca ◽  
Coralie Herrouin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Brain Ageing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Chain

n-3 Long-chain PUFA (n-3 LC-PUFA), particularly EPA and DHA, play a key role in the maintenance of brain functions such as learning and memory that are impaired during ageing. Ageing is also associated with changes in the DHA content of brain membranes that could contribute to memory impairment. Limited studies have investigated the effects of ageing and n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation on both blood and brain fatty acid compositions. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between fatty acid contents in plasma and erythrocyte membranes and those in the hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex during ageing, and after a 5-month period of EPA/DHA supplementation in rats. In the blood, ageing was associated with an increase in plasma DHA content, whereas the DHA content remained stable in erythrocyte membranes. In the brain, ageing was associated with a decrease in DHA content, which was both region-specific and phospholipid class-specific. In EPA/DHA-supplemented aged rats, DHA contents were increased both in the blood and brain compared with the control rats. The present results demonstrated that n-3 LC-PUFA level in the plasma was not an accurate biomarker of brain DHA status during ageing. Moreover, we highlighted a positive relationship between the DHA levels in erythrocyte phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and those in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in EPA/DHA-supplemented aged rats. Within the framework of preventive dietary supplementation to delay brain ageing, these results suggest the possibility of using erythrocyte PE DHA content as a reliable biomarker of DHA status in specific brain regions.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomers in breast milk are associated with plasma non-esterified and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition in lactating women

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre G. Torres ◽  
Jacqueline G. Ney ◽  
Flávia Meneses ◽  
Nádia M. F. Trugo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Nefa ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Long Chain

Maternal adipose tissue is a major contributor to breast milk long-chain fatty acids, probably through the pool of plasma NEFA. The fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membrane (EM) is a biochemical index of the intake of fatty acids not synthesized endogenously and of PUFA and long-chain PUFA fatty acid status. The present study investigated the associations between breast milk fatty acid composition and the composition of plasma NEFA and of EM fatty acids with special reference to PUFA, long-chain PUFA and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The detailed fatty acid composition of mature breast milk was also reported. Thirty-three healthy, lactating Brazilian women donated milk samples; of these, twenty-four also donated blood samples in an observational cross-sectional study. Breast milk fatty acid composition presented several associations with NEFA and EM composition, which explained most (≥50%) of the variability of selected milk PUFA, long-chain PUFA and CLA. Milk CLA was associated with fatty acids that are markers of dairy fat intake in the diet, NEFA and EM. In general, breast milk n-3 fatty acids and CLA, but not n-6 fatty acids, were associated with EM composition, whereas both the n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and CLA in milk were associated with NEFA composition, possibly owing to its role as a direct source of fatty acids for breast milk. These findings emphasize the contribution of the NEFA pool derived from the adipose tissue to the long-chain fatty acid composition of breast milk.

scholarly journals No effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPA and DHA) supplementation on depressed mood and cognitive function: a randomised controlled trial – reply by Rogers et al.

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1349-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Rogers ◽  
Katherine M. Appleton ◽  
David Kessler ◽  
Tim J. Peters ◽  
David Gunnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Long Chain

We recently reported a null outcome from a study of n-3 long-chain PUFA supplementation in depressed mood(1).

scholarly journals Docosahexaenoic acid-rich algae oil supplementation on breast milk fatty acid profile of mothers who delivered prematurely: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Fougère ◽  
Jean-François Bilodeau ◽  
Pascal M. Lavoie ◽  
Ibrahim Mohamed ◽  
Iwona Rudkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Randomized Control Trials ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Algae Oil ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractPreterm infants are deficient in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a fatty acid (FA) associated with an increase in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In two previous randomized control trials, DHA supplementation did not reduce the risk of BPD. We examined the breast milk FA profile, collected 14 days after birth, of mothers who delivered before 29 weeks of gestation and who were supplemented with DHA-rich algae oil or a placebo within 72 h after birth as part of the MOBYDIck trial. Milk FA were analyzed by gas chromatography. The total amount of FA (mg/mL) was similar in both groups but the supplementation increased DHA (expressed as % of total FA, mean ± SD, treatment vs placebo, 0.95 ± 0.44% vs 0.34 ± 0.20%; P < 0.0001), n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (0.275 ± 0.14% vs 0.04 ± 0.04%; P < 0.0001) and eicosapentaenoic acid (0.08 ± 0.08% vs 0.07 ± 0.07%; P < 0.0001) while decreasing n-3 DPA (0.16 ± 0.05% vs 0.17 ± 0.06%; P < 0.05). Supplementation changed the ratio of DHA to arachidonic acid (1.76 ± 1.55% vs 0.60 ± 0.31%; P < 0.0001) and n-6 to n-3 FA (0.21 ± 0.06% vs 0.17 ± 0.04%; P < 0.0001). DHA-rich algae supplementation successfully increased the DHA content of breast milk but also included secondary changes that are closely involved with inflammation and may contribute to changing clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Dietary n-3 long chain PUFA supplementation promotes a pro-resolving oxylipin profile in the brain

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rey ◽  
J.C. Delpech ◽  
C. Madore ◽  
A. Nadjar ◽  
A.D. Greenhalgh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Long Chain

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

scholarly journals n‐3 PUFA Supplementation Alters Retinal Very‐Long‐Chain‐PUFA Levels and Ratios in Diabetic Animal Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (15) ◽  
pp. 1801058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Gorusupudi ◽  
Fu‐Yen Chang ◽  
Kelly Nelson ◽  
Gregory S. Hageman ◽  
Paul S. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Diabetic Animal ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals The Source of Long-Chain PUFA in Formula Supplements Does Not Affect the Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma Lipids in Full-Term Infants

2004 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleix Sala-Vila ◽  
Ana I. Castellote ◽  
Cristina Campoy ◽  
Montserrat Rivero ◽  
María Rodriguez-Palmero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Long Chain
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