Comparative assessment of the effectiveness of three disinfection protocols for reducing bacterial contamination of stethoscopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123
Author(s):  
Patricia Sebastian Marcos ◽  
Darren Hermes ◽  
Mellora Sharman
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Contamination Levels

AbstractIn a crossover study, 30 stethoscopes were assessed and disinfected using 3 protocols: isopropyl alcohol, a quaternary ammonia or biguanide disinfectant, and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI). All protocols effectively reduced bacterial loads, but UVGI was less effective at higher contamination levels (P = .0004). The effectiveness of each intervention was short in duration.

scholarly journals The impact of bacterial contamination of the ejaculate and extender on the quality of swine semen doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Groehs Goldberg ◽  
Marisa Cardoso ◽  
Mari Lourdes Bernardi ◽  
Ivo Wentz ◽  
Fernando Pandolfo Bortolozzo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Semen Processing ◽  
Semen Extender ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to verify the influence of the degree of bacterial contamination of boar ejaculate and semen extender on the quality of semen doses. The experiment was conducted in four boar studs, from which raw semen and two semen doses from each ejaculate were collected to evaluate the number of colony-forming units (CFU), pH, sperm morphology and motility. Extender samples were also evaluated for CFU. Ejaculates that had higher levels of contamination ( > 220 CFU mL-1) resulted in semen doses with a greater degree of bacterial contamination but with no reduction in motility or alteration in pH. When the semen doses were classified according to the degree of contamination of the extender, a decrease in motility was observed after 108 and 168 h of storage (P < 0.05) in the group whose extender had ? 14,000 CFU mL-1 versus the group whose extender had ? 330 CFU mL-1. The pH remained stable during 168 h of storage in semen doses with extender that had lower contamination levels, but decreased from 7.2 to 6.0 between 24 and 168 h of storage (P < 0.05) in the group with extender that had higher levels of contamination. A higher number of abnormal acrosomes (P < 0.05) were observed after 168 h of storage in the semen doses whose extender was highly contaminated. The production of semen doses with low bacterial contamination and high sperm cell viability will only be possible with a strict hygienic control in semen processing, primarily with respect to the extender, combined with minimal contamination during collection.

Non-Detection of Enteroviruses in Shellfish Collected from Legal Shellfish Beds in Massachusetts

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 971-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHALIFA I. KHALIFA ◽  
BARBARA WERNER ◽  
RALPH TIMPERI
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Standard Plate Count ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Soft Shell ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Hard Shell ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses ◽  
Contamination Levels

Eighty-five samples of shellfish (50 soft shell clams, 21 hard shell clams and 14 oysters) were examined for the presence of human enteric viruses. In addition, bacterial contamination levels, both fecal coliform and standard plate count, were determined. Seventy-five samples were harvested from open shellfish areas and 10 samples from restricted shellfish areas during seasonal opening. Enteroviruses were not detected in any of the samples tested. In contrast, 33 (30 from open beds and 3 from restricted areas) of 82 shellfish samples had levels of bacterial contamination that exceed current regulatory limits for shellfish.

Bacterial Contamination in Saeng-go-gi, a Ready-to-Eat Fresh Raw Beef Dish Sold in Restaurants in South Korea

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
MYOUNG SU PARK ◽  
JIN SAN MOON ◽  
EWEN C. D. TODD ◽  
GYUNG JIN BAHK
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Foodborne Illnesses ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Food Handling Practices

This study investigated the bacterial contamination levels in ready-to-eat fresh raw beef, Saeng-go-gi in Korean, sold in restaurants. A total of 462 samples were analyzed by performing an aerobic bacterial plate count, a coliform count, and an Escherichia coli O157:H7 count. Aerobic bacterial plate counts of fresh raw beef obtained from Seoul, Cheonan, Daegu, Gunsan, and Gwangju retail store restaurants were 6.46, 6.89, 6.39, 6.58, and 6.67 log CFU/g, respectively, and coliforms were 4.05, 4.97, 4.76, 3.62, and 3.32 log CFU/g, respectively. Among the 462 assessed samples, suspected E. coli O157:H7 colonies were found in 32, 24, 20, 22, and 16 samples obtained from Seoul, Cheonan, Daegu, Gunsan, and Gwangju, respectively. The identity of these isolated colonies was further assessed by using a latex agglutination kit. The agglutination assay data showed that the isolates were not E. coli O157:H7. The data from this study could be used to design better food handling practices for reducing foodborne illnesses linked to fresh raw beef consumption.

The Comparative Risks of Bacterial Contamination between a Venturi Atomizer and a Positive Displacement Atomizer

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Wolfe ◽  
Todd A. Hillman ◽  
Philip J. Bossart ◽  
David W. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Internal Contamination ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Staphylococcal Aureus ◽  
Venturi Nozzle

Introduction This laboratory study determined the incidence of internal contamination of Venturi principle atomizers and positive displacement atomizers exposed to high external concentrations of Staphylococcal aureus (Staph). Methods Atomizer device nozzle tips were immersed into a Staph solution and 1 ml of spray was atomized via compressed wall air (Venturi) or hydraulic pump (positive displacement). The Venturi nozzle was then wiped with 70% isopropyl alcohol while the disposable positive displacement nozzle was replaced. After 30 minutes, 1 ml of atomized fluid was collected and cultured and the process was repeated. After sixteen uses the fluid remaining in the bottles was cultured. The Venturi atomizer also was subjected to a single use trial to determine the location of device contamination. Results Venturi atomizers sprays grew Staph in every case (144/144), while positive displacement atomizer sprays never grew contaminants (0/144; p < 0.0001). At the end of 16 uses, 7/9 of Venturi atomizers had Staph within their medication reservoirs while none (0/9; p = 0.002) existed in the positive displacement atomizers. After a single use of the Venturi atomizer, the medication reservoir, the air lumen and the medication lumen of the nozzle were all contaminated with Staph. Conclusions External bacterial contamination of the atomizer nozzle tip results in internal bacterial contamination of Venturi devices in as little as one use but not of positive displacement devices. These results warrant further investigation to determine whether a risk of cross-contamination exists in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Bacterial contamination of surgical scrub suits worn outside the operating theatre: a randomised crossover study

Anaesthesia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. I. Hee ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
S. N. Chia ◽  
Q. S. Lu ◽  
A. P. Q. Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Operating Theatre

scholarly journals A Rapid Method for Detecting and Quantifying Bacterial DNA in Rust Fungal DNA Samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Barnes ◽  
L. J. Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Qpcr Assay ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Sequence Contigs ◽  
Dna Contamination ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Contamination Levels

Bacterial DNA contamination of rust fungal DNA can be a significant problem for sequencing the rust fungus. Sequence assembly is much more difficult if the sequence contigs are mixed with bacterial sequence. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed to quantify bacterial DNA within rust fungal DNA samples and the results were compared with those obtained from traditional CFU counts. Real-time PCR showed higher values of DNA contamination than CFU. However, the ranking of samples from low to high for bacterial contamination was consistent between the methods. Reasons for the differences between the methods are discussed. The qPCR assay was tested by adding known quantities of Escherichia coli DNA to Puccinia graminis DNA samples. The assay reliably quantified bacterial contamination at ≥ 1.0% of the total sample DNA. When bacterial contamination was <1.0%, fungal DNA also occasionally was amplified, nullifying the quantification measurement. However, primer specificity was not simply the product of the ratio of bacterial DNA to fungal DNA. Bacterial contamination could be quantified below 1.0% if the bacterial DNA concentration was ≈70 pg/μl or greater. Therefore, spiking the fungal samples with a known concentration of E. coli bacterial DNA successfully eliminated the amplification of fungal DNA, making quantification of contaminating bacterial DNA possible for samples with low contamination levels.

scholarly journals A Randomized Crossover Trial to Decrease Bacterial Contamination on Hospital Scrubs

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1411-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallory A. Boutin ◽  
Kerri A. Thom ◽  
Min Zhan ◽  
J. Kristie Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Healthcare Worker ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Normal Shift ◽  
And Control ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Healthcare worker attire may become contaminated with pathogenic organisms during a normal shift. We performed a randomized crossover study to assess whether treatment with an antimicrobial coating would decrease bacterial contamination on scrubs. Thirty percent of all scrubs were contaminated; there was no difference in the rate of contamination between the intervention and control groupsInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(11):1411–1413

Bacterial Contamination Levels of Autogenous Bone Particles Collected by 3 Different Techniques for Harvesting Intraoral Bone Grafts

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Manzano-Moreno ◽  
Francisco J. Herrera-Briones ◽  
Macarena Linares-Recatala ◽  
Francisco M. Ocaña-Peinado ◽  
Candela Reyes-Botella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Bone Particles ◽  
Intraoral Bone Grafts

scholarly journals Sodium hypochlorite in antisepsis of children’s and new-born babies’ skin prior to insertion of peripheral venous catheter

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Chiari ◽  
Domenica Gazineo ◽  
Olimpia Pezzullo ◽  
Veronica Ricciardi ◽  
Lucia Caso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Peripheral Venous Catheter ◽  
New Born ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Positive Results

Antisepsis of the skin of children to whom a peripheral venous catheter (PVC) is to be attached is an important factor in reducing catheter related infections. No data are available on the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite. Explorative study of children and new-born babies treated in hospital to ascertain bacterial contamination levels of PVC tips as surrogate infection indicator. In a sample of 51 children and 52 new-born babies, catheter tips were found contaminated for 7.8% of the children and 3.8% of the new-born babies. The positive results of this pilot study suggest that serious consideration should be given to assessing Amukine Med 0.05% for use with PVCs. 

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