scholarly journals A Randomized Crossover Trial to Decrease Bacterial Contamination on Hospital Scrubs

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1411-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallory A. Boutin ◽  
Kerri A. Thom ◽  
Min Zhan ◽  
J. Kristie Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Healthcare Worker ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Normal Shift ◽  
And Control ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Healthcare worker attire may become contaminated with pathogenic organisms during a normal shift. We performed a randomized crossover study to assess whether treatment with an antimicrobial coating would decrease bacterial contamination on scrubs. Thirty percent of all scrubs were contaminated; there was no difference in the rate of contamination between the intervention and control groupsInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(11):1411–1413

Utilizing Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy to Intubate Simulated Newborns while Contained within the Incubator: A Randomized Crossover Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (05) ◽  
pp. 519-524
Author(s):  
Yuri Ozawa ◽  
Shigehiro Takahashi ◽  
Humiko Miyahara ◽  
Kenichiro Hosoi ◽  
Mazumi Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Laryngoscopy ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Video Laryngoscopy ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Intubation Time ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Side Walls ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Abstract Objective The use of video laryngoscopy for intubating neonates in ergonomically challenging settings has not been studied well. We aimed to assess the usefulness of video laryngoscopy for experienced neonatologists to intubate neonatal manikins in incubators via side hand ports or head window. Study Design In this randomized crossover trial at three neonatal intensive care units in Japan, 27 neonatologists were randomized into two groups, namely, those intubating neonatal simulators using video laryngoscopy and then using direct laryngoscopy, or vice versa. The intubations were performed via hand ports or head window without opening top and side walls in incubators in two manikin positions (rotated 90° or unrotated). Glottis visualization (0–100%), success rate, intubation time, and ease of laryngoscopy (from 1 [very difficult] to 10 [very easy]) were compared between video laryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy. Generalized linear models were used for the analyses. Results This study assessed 108 intubations performed by 27 neonatologists. The use of video laryngoscopy improved the glottis visualization by 14% (95% confidence interval, 7.4–20%; p < 0.01) and easiness scores of laryngoscopy by 0.8 (0.2–1.4; p < 0.01), but did not reduce the intubation time. Conclusion Video laryngoscopy is useful for experienced neonatologists for intubating neonatal manikins in incubators without opening the top or side walls.

A Crossover Trial of Antimicrobial Scrubs to Reduce Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Burden on Healthcare Worker Apparel

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo M. L. Bearman ◽  
Adriana Rosato ◽  
Kara Elam ◽  
Kakotan Sanogo ◽  
Michael P. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Healthcare Worker ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Bacterial Burden ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background.The impact of antimicrobial scrubs on healthcare worker (HCW) bacterial burden is unknown.Objective.To determine die effectiveness of antimicrobial scrubs on hand and apparel bacterial burden.Design.Prospective, crossover trial.Setting and Participants.Thirty HCWs randomized to study versus control scrubs in an intensive care unit.Methods.Weekly microbiology samples were obtained from scrub abdominal area, cargo pocket, and hands. Mean log colony-forming unit (CFU) counts were calculated. Compliance with hand hygiene practices was measured. Apparel and hand mean log CFU counts were compared.Results.Adherence measures were 78% (910/1,173) for hand hygiene and 82% (223/273) for scrubs. Culture compliance was 67% (306/460). No differences were observed in bacterial hand burden or in HCWs with unique positive scrub cultures. No difference in vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and gram-negative rod (GNR) burden was observed. A difference in mean log mediicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) CFU count was found between study and control scrubs for leg cargo pocket (mean log CFUs, 11.84 control scrub vs 6.71 study scrub; P = .0002), abdominal area (mean log CFUs, 11.35 control scrub vs 7.54 study scrub; P = .0056), leg cargo pocket at die beginning of shift (mean log CFUs, 11.96 control scrub vs 4.87 study scrub; P = .0028), and abdominal area pocket at die end of shift (mean log CFUs, 12.14 control scrubs vs 8.22 study scrub; P = .0054).Conclusions.Study scrubs were associated witfi a 4–7 mean log reduction in MRSA burden but not VRE or GNRs. A prospective trial is needed to measure die impact of antimicrobial impregnated apparel on MRSA transmission rates.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(3):268-275

scholarly journals STUDY OF MICROSCOPIC IMPRINTS OF PURULENT WOUNDS OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION IN CHILDREN WHEN USING THE OINTMENT WITH FURACILIN, LIDOCAINE AND DIBUNOLUM

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Сергей Чуйкин ◽  
Sergey Chuykin ◽  
Тимур Хасанов ◽  
Timur KXASANOV ◽  
Тагир Мустафин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wound Surface ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Purulent Wounds ◽  
And Control

Importance ― study of microscopic imprints of the wound surface of purulent wounds in inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region in children. Objectives ― cytological research of microscopic imprints of purulent wounds in inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region in children Methods. The study included 60 children from 5 to 16 years old who were treated for abscesses and phlegmon of the maxillofacial area. Patients were divided independently into 2 groups. The main group included 30 children. For their treatment we used ointment with Furacilin, Lidocaine and Dibunolum. The control group included 30 patients. For their treatment used ointment Levomecol. To compare the effectiveness of the healing of purulent wounds in the main and control groups, we studied cytology of microscopic imprints of purulent wounds at 3, 7 and 10 days. Results. A microscopic examination of the imprints of the wound surface of the control group on the 3 day revealed a predominantly inflammatory type of cytogram, on day 5, the type of cytorgamy was replaced by inflammatory-regenerative, which persisted on the 7th day of the study. Microflora was represented in small quantities. In the main group, in the study of microscopic imprints on the 3ed day, inflammatory-regenerative type of cytogram was also observed. On the 7th, the cytogram shifted to the regenerative type. Cell infiltrate was poor, containing macrophages and lymphocytes. Seeding by microorganisms was not observed. Conclusions. Thus, based on the morphological studies of microscopic imprints of the wound surface, we recommend the use of ointment with Furacilin, Lidocaine and Dibunolum for the complex treatment of abscesses and phlegmon of the maxillofacial region. Since the ointment reduces the time of wound healing and reduces bacterial contamination of the wound.

Randomized Crossover Study Evaluating the Effect of a Hand Sanitizer Dispenser on the Frequency of Hand Hygiene among Anesthesiology Staff in the Operating Room

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Silvia Munoz-Price ◽  
Zalak Patel ◽  
Shawn Banks ◽  
Kristopher Arheart ◽  
Scott Eber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Anesthesia Machine ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Anesthesia Providers ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Forty anesthesia providers were evaluated with and without hand sanitizer dispensers present on the anesthesia machine. Having a dispenser increased the frequency of hand hygiene only from 0.5 to 0.8 events per hour (P = .01). Other concomitant interventions are needed to further increase hand hygiene frequency among anesthesia providers.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(6):717–720

A randomized crossover trial to study the effect of personalized, one-to-one interaction using Montessori-based activities on agitation, affect, and engagement in nursing home residents with Dementia

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva S. van der Ploeg ◽  
Barbara Eppingstall ◽  
Cameron J. Camp ◽  
Susannah J. Runci ◽  
John Taffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
One To One ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTBackground: Increasingly more attention has been paid to non-pharmacological interventions as treatment of agitated behaviors that accompany dementia. The aim of the current study is to test if personalized one-to-one interaction activities based on Montessori principles will improve agitation, affect, and engagement more than a relevant control condition.Methods: We conducted a randomized crossover trial in nine residential facilities in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia (n = 44). Personalized one-to-one activities that were delivered using Montessori principles were compared with a non-personalized activity to control for the non-specific benefits of one-to-one interaction. Participants were observed 30 minutes before, during, and after the sessions. The presence or absence of a selected physically non-aggressive behavior was noted in every minute, together with the predominant type of affect and engagement.Results: Behavior counts fell considerably during both the Montessori and control sessions relative to beforehand. During Montessori activities, the amount of time spend actively engaged was double compared to during the control condition and participants displayed more positive affect and interest as well. Participants with no fluency in English (all from non-English speaking backgrounds) showed a significantly larger reduction in agitation during the Montessori than control sessions.Conclusion: Our results show that even non-personalized social contact can assist in settling agitated residents. Tailoring activities to residents’ needs and capabilities elicit more positive interactions and are especially suitable for people who have lost fluency in the language spoken predominantly in their residential facility. Future studies could explore implementation by family members and volunteers to avoid demands on facilities’ resources.Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry – ACTRN12609000564257.

Effects of Custom-made Mouthguards on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Capacity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lässing ◽  
Antina Schulze ◽  
Stefan Kwast ◽  
Roberto Falz ◽  
Maximilian Vondran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Acceptance Rate ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Volume Kinetics ◽  
And Control ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

AbstractThe importance of using mouthguards as well as their low acceptance rate have been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of customized mouthguards on hemodynamics.. This randomized crossover study used data from 13 subjects (23.5±1.4 years). The cardiopulmonary and metabolic parameters were observed during ergometer tests without mouthguard (control) in comparison to two types of mouthguards (with and normal without breathing channels). Maximum ventilation was significantly decreased with the normal mouthguard (113.3±30.00 l ∙ min−1) in contrast to the mouthguard with breathing channels (122.5±22.9 l ∙ min−1) and control (121.9±30.8 l ∙ min−1). Also the inspiration time was longer when using the normal mouthguard (0.70±0.11 s) compared to the mouthguard with breathing channels (0.63±0.11 s) and control (Co 0.64±0.10 s). Lactate was also increased under the influence of the mouthguard with breathing channels (10.72±1.4 mmol ∙ l−1) compared to the control (9.40±1.77 mmol ∙ l−1) and the normal mouthguard (9.02±1.67 mmol ∙ l−1). In addition, stroke volume kinetics (p=0.048) and maximum heart rates (p=0.01) show changes. Despite equal levels of oxygen uptake and performances under all three conditions, the use of mouthguards showed differences in cardiopulmonary parameters. The use of mouthguards during exercise does not affect physical performance and can be recommended for injury prevention.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Min Chao ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chun-Huei Liao ◽  
Huey-Mei Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

The Prospects and Risks Connected with Increasing the Level of Self-Organisation in Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alexandrovna Kosareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Study Guide ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Self Organisation ◽  
And Control

The paper describes the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students which has been developed by the author. It also contains the method testing results and presents the prospects and risks teachers could face while applying the method in a higher education institution. The purpose of this study is to find out the prospects and risks of applying the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students and to determine the ways of reducing the risks. Methodology. The author points out the learning approaches which were the basis of developing the method and describes diagnostic methods for determining students’ self-organisation levels. The work focused on increasing each student’s initial level consists of a theoretical and a practical part and includes project activities on creating a study guide. The results of the study. The method developed proved to be effective. It was established by diagnosing the final level of self-organisation in students in the experimental and control groups. The paper considers the advantages of the method among which there is universal character, flexibility, improvements to teacher’s and students’ professional competence, etc. At the same time it is necessary to be aware of the risks due to the increased amount of teacher’s work and the fact that students’ work within the project tends to be monotonous. In conclusion, the prospects of the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students are related to its advantages and the final results of the work. The risks of its use can be reduced with the help of the measures proposed in the paper.

Sri Lankan Cleft Lip and Palate Study Model Analysis: Clefts of the Secondary Palate

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mccance ◽  
David Roberts-Harry ◽  
Martyn Sherriff ◽  
Michael Mars ◽  
William J.B. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Secondary Palate ◽  
Comparable Control ◽  
And Control

The study models of a group of adult Sri Lankan patients with clefts of the secondary palate were investigated. Tooth-size and arch-dimension comparisons were made with a comparable control group. Significant differences were found between the cleft and control groups in tooth sizes, chord lengths, and arch widths. The cleft group dimensions were generally smaller than those of the control group. Overjets were larger in the cleft group.

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