The Influence of Traffic, Area Location, and Other Factors on Operating Room Microbial Load

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Taaffe ◽  
Brandon Lee ◽  
Yann Ferrand ◽  
Lawrence Fredendall ◽  
Dee San ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Physical Movement ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Internal Storage ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
In Transit

OBJECTIVETo determine how the movement of patients, equipment, materials, staff, and door openings within the operating room (OR) affect microbial loads at various locations within the OR.DESIGNObservation and sampling study.SETTINGAcademic health center, public hospital.METHODSWe first analyzed 27 videotaped procedures to determine the areas in the OR with high and low numbers of people in transit. We then placed air samplers and settle plates in representative locations during 21 procedures in 4 different ORs during 2 different seasons of the year to measure microbial load in colony-forming units (CFU). The temperature and humidity, number of door openings, physical movement, and the number of people in the OR were measured for each procedure. Statistical analysis was conducted using hierarchical regression.RESULTSThe microbial load was affected by the time of year that the samples were taken. Both microbial load measured by the air samplers and by settle plates in 1 area of the OR was correlated with the physical movement of people in the same area but not with the number of door openings and the number of people in the OR.CONCLUSIONSMovement in the OR is correlated with the microbial load. Establishing operational guidelines or developing OR layouts that focus on minimizing movement by incorporating desirable internal storage points and workstations can potentially reduce microbial load, thereby potentially reducing surgical site infection risk.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:391–397

scholarly journals The effect of four commercial broiler hybrids and the season on occurrence of broiler condemnations in the abattoirs

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonise Mariely Jaguezeski ◽  
Ana Martiele Engelmann ◽  
Ivna Nalério dos Reis Machado ◽  
Beatriz Pavei Bez Batti
Keyword(s):  
Financial Impact ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Conviction Rate ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Abattoir Data

ABSTRACT: Condemnations in the broilers abattoirs can represent an overview farms health and effectiveness of welfare programs, as well as predisposition between hybrids. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of condemnation among four commercial broiler hybrids and the oscillation of condemnations in different seasons in a poultry abattoir. Data from condemnations of the Federal Inspection Service of a slaughterhouse were analyzed during one year, in which a total of 12.81% of partial condemnations were observed and total condemnations represented 0.41% of slaughtered broiler. There was a difference in total and partial condemnation among the hybrids evaluated, with Hubbard hybrid being the one with the highest number of condemnations (0.67% - 17.71%), followed by Ross 95 (0.42% - 14.21%), Cobb (0.30% - 10.03%); and Cobb Fast (0.26% - 9.29%). The analysis between the seasons showed a higher conviction rate in winter and a lower rate in autumn for both total and partial condemnation. Hubbard had the highest rates and Cobb Fast the lowest for most causes of condemnation. We concluded that the metabolic cause led to higher losses by total condemnation, while contamination or technopathies represented the highest rates in partial losses. The broiler hybrid and the time of year may influence the causes of condemnation in the abattoir. This information should be considered by the abattoir and the farms in sanitary planning, considering the financial impact due to losses by condemnations of carcasses.

Effects of seasonal variation and locations on microbial load in sediment and water of a polluted ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
A.N. Okereke ◽  
J.C. Ike-Obasi
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Total Fungi ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

Seasonal effects on microbial load of sediment and water at different locations along Bonny Estuary of Niger Delta was investigated for a period of 12 months. All analyses followed standard procedure. Results revealed that total fungi counts in sediment and water at different locations were not significantly different (p > 0.05) at both wet and dry seasons while hydrocarbon utilizing fungi showed significant differences (p < 0.05) at both seasons in both sediment and water samples. During the wet season, total faecal counts ranged from 5.0 to 10.0 x 105 CFU/g for sediment and 4.0 to 7.0x 105 CFU/g in water. In dry season, the concentration of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria in the sediment ranged between 0.1 x 105 CFU/ml/g and 8.0 x 105 CFU/ml/g in wet season while in dry season, the concentration in water ranged between 0.1 x 105 CFU/ml/g and 6.0 x 105 CFU/ml/g at Abuloma. At Okwujagu, total heterotrophic bacteria counts in sediment ranged  from 0.1 to 8.0 x 105 CFU/g in dry season. This was higher than the range 0.1 to 6.8.0 x 105 CFU/ recorded in Abuloma, Okwujagu and Slaughter at dry season. The highest vibrio counts in water (11.0 x 105 CFU/ml) for wet and (10.0 x 105 CFU/ml) for dry seasons were recorded at Slaughter. In Oginiba, the feacal count recorded 3.0 x 105 CFU/ml in water during the wet season and 2.0 x 105 CFU/ml for dry season. Generally, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the bacterial concentrations in both sediment and water. This showed that different seasons favour the growth of certain microbial types.

scholarly journals Properties of Rennet Cheese Made from Whole and Skimmed Summer and Winter Milk on a Traditional Polish Dairy Farm

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1794
Author(s):  
Grażyna Czyżak-Runowska ◽  
Jacek Antoni Wójtowski ◽  
Danuta Gogół ◽  
Janusz Wojtczak ◽  
Ewa Skrzypczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Skimmed Milk ◽  
Time Of Year

The aim of this study was to compare the rheological and physicochemical parameters, as well as the organoleptic properties, of soft rennet cheese made from whole and skimmed milk in different seasons on a traditional family farm. We analyzed milk from twenty Polish Holstein–Friesian cows for basic composition, number of somatic cells, acidity, and color in terms of the Comission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) lightness*redness*yellowness (L*a*b*) system, and 24 cheeses in terms of texture, acidity, color in terms of the CIE L*a*b* system, and organoleptic parameters in summer and winter. We determined the effects of the season and the fat content of milk on the pH, titratable acidity, color, firmness, and stickiness of the cheese. Cheeses from summer milk showed greater acidification than those from winter milk (p ≤ 0.05). Skimmed milk cheeses from both seasons showed increased firmness and stickiness, and worse organoleptic characteristics, particularly in taste and consistency, than whole milk cheeses (p ≤ 0.05). The highest level of yellow (b*) was found in whole milk summer cheeses; those produced in winter were 16% less yellow. Milk from traditional family farms is a valuable raw ingredient for the production of soft, unripe rennet cheese. However, the variability of organoleptic characteristics related to the season should be taken into account in cheese production. Skimmed cheese can serve as an alternative to full-fat cheese, especially for people looking for low-fat products, regardless of the time of year.

scholarly journals Evaluation of efficacy of different tooth paste formulations in reducing the oral microbial load - An in vivo study

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Author(s):  
G Priyal ◽  
Maji Jose ◽  
Shruti Nayak ◽  
Vidya Pai ◽  
Sudeendra Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Prevotella Species

Introduction and Aim: Toothpastes are the most common preventive means in oral health care. Many commercially available dentifrices claim to have antimicrobial properties, but little research has been conducted to investigate these claims. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different toothpaste formulations in reducing the oral microbial load. Methodology: A total of six types of tooth pastes-4 herbal and 2 non-herbal- were assigned to a group of 20 subjects each, who used it for a period of six weeks. During the course of the study, at the end of 1st, 3rd and 6th week, subgingival plaque samples collected were subjected to microbial analysis. Results: Microbial analysis identified colonies of organisms such as S. mitis, S. mutans, S. salivarius, Peptostreptococcus species, Prevotella species and Lactobacillus species. Colony forming units (cfu) calculated indicated a reduction in microbial load from 1st to 6th week of use of different tooth paste formulations. However statistical analysis of the results did not show significant differences between the groups (p>0.005). Conclusion: The selected tooth paste formulations were effective in controlling the microbial load and therefore contributing to maintain good oral hygiene. However, practicing appropriate oral hygiene measures & brushing technique is of utmost importance in maintaining good oral health than the effectiveness of various ingredients in the toothpastes used.

Microbiological contamination of dental unit water systems in general practices from Barcelona (Spain)

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Araujo ◽  
N. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Hard Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Dental Unit Water Systems (DUWS) can be a source of contamination to dentists and patients, especially those who are immunocompromised. Such organisms may originate from incoming water supplies and from oral cavities. The most common cause of dental unit water contamination is believed to be the formation and subsequent sloughing off of microbial biofilms from tubing within DUWS. There are no evidence-based guidelines currently available to dentists for the control of DUWS contamination in Europe. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial load of water from DUWS, especially the presence of microbial pathogens which can be a source of cross-contamination between patients. Water and tube samples were obtained from 40 dental surgeries in Barcelona. The samples were taken from turbine and from air/water syringe. Twelve of these DUWS were fed with hard water from mains (with chlorine) and 28 dental units with bottle or tank deionized water. Microbial load was ranged from 0 to 3.6 × 103 colony-forming units/mL. Legionella sp., Mycobacterium sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida sp. were found in 4, 8, 6, and 2 different surgeries, respectively. Inclusive oral streptococci were found in 2 dental units indicating that there is a back siphonage in the systems analysed.

scholarly journals Rappaport-Vassiliadis Medium for Recovery of Salmonellaspp. from Low Microbial Load Foods: Collaborative Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S Hammack ◽  
R Miguel Amaguaña ◽  
Wallace H Andrews ◽  
S M Al-Hasani ◽  
R Asmundson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Dry Milk

Abstract Twenty-three laboratories participated in a collaborative study to compare the relative effectiveness of Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) medium incubated at 42°C, selenite cystine (SC) broth (35°C), and tetrathionate (TT) broth (35 and 43°C) for recovery of Salmonella from the following foods with a low microbial load: dried egg yolk, dry active yeast, ground black pepper, guar gum, and instant nonfat dry milk. For dry active yeast, lauryl tryptose (LT) broth, incubated at 35°C, was used instead of SC broth. All of the foods were artificially inoculated with single Salmonella serovars, that had been lyophilized before inoculation, at high and low target levels of 0.4 and 0.04 colony forming units/g food, respectively. For analysis of 870 test portions, representing all of the foods except yeast, 249 Salmonella-positive test portions were detected by RV medium, 265 by TT broth (43°C), 268 by TT broth (35°C), and 269 by SC broth (35°C). For analysis of 225 test portions of yeast, 79 Salmonella-positive test portions were detected by RV medium, 79 by TT broth (43°C), 84 by TT broth (35°C), and 68 by LT broth (35°C). RV medium was comparable to, or even more effective than, the other selective enrichments for recovery of Salmonella from all of the foods except guar gum. It is recommended that RV (42°C) and TT (35°C) be used with foods that have a low microbial load, except for guar gum for which SC (35°C) and TT (35°C) are recommended.

scholarly journals Safety culture in the operating room of a public hospital in the perception of healthcare professionals

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Aparecida Carvalho ◽  
Leila Bernarda Donato Göttems ◽  
Maria Raquel Gomes Maia Pires ◽  
Maria Liz Cunha de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Stress Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Safety Attitudes Questionnaire ◽  
Analysis Instrument

Objective: to evaluate the perception of healthcare professionals about the safety culture in the operating room of a public hospital, large-sized, according to the domains of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ). Method: descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative research, with the application of the SAQ to 226 professionals. Descriptive data analysis, instrument consistency and exploratory factor analysis. Results: participants were distributed homogeneously between females (49.6%) and males (50.4%); mean age of 39.6 (SD±9.9) years and length of professional experience of 9.9 (SD±9.2) years. And Cronbach's ( of 0.84. It was identified six domains proposed in the questionnaire: stress perception (74.5) and job satisfaction (70.7) showed satisfactory results; teamwork environment (59.1) and climate of security (48.9) presented scores below the minimum recommended (75); unit's management perceptions (44.5), hospital management perceptions (34.9) and working conditions (41.9) presented the lowest averages. Conclusions: the results showed that, from the perspective of the professionals, there is weakness in the values, attitudes, skills and behaviors that determine the safety culture in a healthcare organization.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Management Systems on Gut Microbes and Chemical Constituents of Giant Land Snail (Archachatina marginata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
K. O. Ademolu ◽  
A. B. Idowu ◽  
A. O. Jayeola ◽  
I. Osunsina ◽  
G. A. Dedeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Gut Microbes ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
The Impact

  The impact of management systems on the African giant land snail, Archachatina marginata found in Abeokuta, Nigeria was investigated. The gut microbial load, haemolymph biochemical values (proteins, lipids, glucose, Na+, Ca2+,K+, Cl- PO42+) and proximate composition (crude protein, fat, fibre, ash and carbohydrates) of the flesh were determined in these snails. There were significantly (P<0.05) higher colony forming units (cfu) in the gut of snails from the wild (5.24 x103) than the domesticated snails (3.13 x103). The aemolymph biochemical values and flesh proximate composition were significantly higher in the snails from the wild than the domesticated ones. However, antinutrients and mineral composition of the flesh were not significantly affected by the management systems. The implication of these results on snail meat value in Nigeria is discussed.  

scholarly journals Cortical regulation of content of TBA-active products in cow blood plasma

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
Yu.O. Sysyuk ◽  
V.I. Karpovskyi ◽  
O.V. Danchuk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Weak Type ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Higher Nervous Activity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
In Blood Plasma

Cortical mechanisms of regulation of the content of TBC-active products in the cow’s organism depending on the season are given in the article. Experiments were carried out on cows of Ukrainian black-and-rumped breed of second-third lactation of different types of higher nervous activity. It is established that in cows with a weak type of higher nervous activity, the content of TBA-active products in blood plasma is higher than in strong cows. Thus, in the summer, this indicator in animals of the weak type of higher nervous activity was higher by 18.0% (P < 0.01) in accordance with the indicators of animals of a strong, balanced, mobile type of higher nervous activity. At the same time, in winter, the content of TBA-active products in the plasma of blood of animals of the weak type of higher nervous activity is greater by 13.0% compared to the indicators of strong, balanced, mobile type cows. The effect of cortical processes on the content of TBA-active products in the summer is – ɳ2х = 0.28 (P < 0.05), but in winter it decreases to an average of ɳ2х = 0.17. The equilibrium of the cortical processes significantly influenced the TBA- active products content, both in the summer and in winter, è2x2 = 0.24–0.30 (P < 0.05). The mobility of cortical processes does not have a significant effect on the content of TBK-active products. Reliable influence of the type of higher nervous activity (F = 3.86 > FU = 3.01; p = 0.02) on the content of TBC-active products in the blood plasma of cows was established. Then, as the season does not limit the content of TBA-active products in the blood plasma of cows (F = 2.18 <FU = 4.26; p = 0.15). It is proved that the time of year does not affect the main characteristics of cortical processes (F = 0.09 < FU = 3.0; p = 0.96). But only the effect of cortical processes in summer directly correlates with the content of TBA-active products in the blood plasma of cows (r = -0.67; P < 0,05). Thus, the influence of the type of higher nervous activity on the content of TBA-active products in the plasma of cows in different seasons is established. In animals with a weak type of higher nervous activity, a higher content of TBA-active products in plasma was detected.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document