scholarly journals 2243 Perceptions of translational science among faculty researchers: A survey to inform the efforts of a multidisciplinary education and research program

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Gayathri Devi ◽  
Jennifer C. McMains ◽  
Stephanie A. Freel ◽  
Jeffrey Hawley
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Institutional Leadership ◽  
Multidisciplinary Education ◽  
Scalar Multiple ◽  
Duke University ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Training Preferences ◽  
Digital Survey

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Opinions regarding translational science vary incredibly. We aimed to gather a baseline of perceptions, barriers, and needs for translational science among faculty investigators. We will use these data to define areas in which the Duke Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Translational Science program (MERITS) can work to address, educate and improve. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Data was collected via a scalar, multiple-choice, open-ended survey including questions regarding, definition, impact, barriers, resources, and training preferences specific to translational science. Digital survey links were emailed to Duke University faculty. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In total, 350 responses were collected. While perceptions of translational science varied, common defining elements were noted, including multidisciplinary collaboration (69%) and transitions between research stages (63%). Translational science was said to have an overall positive impact, despite 37% of participants stating issues of insufficient institution-wide support and 62% citing minimal training in translational science skills. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Effective support for translational science requires a multi-faceted approach, as perceptions differ among investigators and between career stages. Duke MERITS will seek to standardize education and support ranging from teambuilding to entrepreneurship, and to promote support from institutional leadership to reduce barriers and facilitate acceleration of translational science.

scholarly journals 3568 Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 68-68
Author(s):  
Gayathri Devi ◽  
Jennifer McMains ◽  
Donna Crabtree ◽  
Stephanie Freel ◽  
Rajan Sudan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Elements ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Multidisciplinary Education ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Training Preferences ◽  
Digital Survey

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The Duke Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Translational Science (MERITS) program was introduced with the goal of providing education and resources to faculty and trainees who are involved in translational research. However, the definition of what translational science is and entails can be widely variable, even within a single institution or department, which creates difficulties in appropriate dissemination of information regarding translational resources and assistance. This objective of this study was thus to obtain baseline information and views of translational science from a pilot population of Duke faculty. Based on data collected in a previous focus group, we expected to observe a lack of consensus regarding the definition and inclusion principles of translational science. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A digital survey was distributed to Duke Department of Surgery faculty regarding translational science, including opinions on definition, impacts, experienced barriers, known resources, and future training preferences. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Ninety-five total responses were obtained, with 79.3% of respondents identifying their work as translational. There was no consensus on the precise definition of translational science, although the majority of respondents reported similar essential elements including multidisciplinary science and transitioning between investigative stages. Respondents noted that translational science increased their job satisfaction and recognition in their field, but also stated that they had experienced barriers to translational science. These barriers were primarily funding (56.4%) or lack of training (38.2%) related. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The results of our pilot survey suggest that the MERITS program should focus on training investigators on the resources available for translational investigations and expound upon how it fits into and enhances their current and future research endeavors.

scholarly journals Advancement of multidisciplinary education and research in translational sciences: MERITS program development at Duke University

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Freel ◽  
Laura J. Fish ◽  
Benjamin Mirman ◽  
Ranjan Sudan ◽  
Gayathri R. Devi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Program Development ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Multidisciplinary Education ◽  
Duke University ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

IntroductionThe Duke Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Translational Sciences Program provides educational resources for faculty and trainees in translational research.MethodsTo aid in program development, we assessed perceptions of translational science through focus groups targeting different career stages.ResultsIn total, 3 essential themes emerged: collaboration, movement toward application, and public health impact. Facilitators and barriers varied among groups.ConclusionTraining programs must provide specific strategies for collaboration and selectively accelerating discoveries to therapies.

scholarly journals 3124 Early Electrographic Seizure Detection by Neuro ICU Nurses via Bedside Real-Time Quantitative EEG

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
Safa Kaleem ◽  
Christa B. Swisher
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Quantitative Eeg ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Duke University ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Time To Detection ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Improve Patient

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: 1. Determine positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity of Neuro ICU nurse interpretation of real-time bedside qEEG. 2. Determine difference in time to detection of first seizure between Neuro ICU nurse qEEG interpretation and EEG fellow reads of cEEG. 3. Determine what qualities of seizures make detection by neuro ICU nurses more or less likely – e.g. duration of seizures, type of seizures, spatial extent of seizures. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Recruit neuro ICU nurses taking care of 150 patients admitted to the Neuro ICU at Duke University Hospital who are initiated on cEEG monitoring. Nurses will be consented for their participation in the study. Neuro ICU nurses will evaluate the qEE RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: From literature estimates of a 20% seizure prevalence in critical care settings, we hope to have 30 patients with seizures and 120 without. Based on prior study in the Duke Neuro ICU, we hypothesize that Neuro ICU nurses will have sensitivity and DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This is the first prospective study of neuro ICU nurse interpretation of real-time bedside qEEG in patients with unknown NCSE/NCS presence. If nurse sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value are clinically useful, which we deem would be so at a sensitivity of 70% or greater, with acceptable false alarm rate, nurse readings of qEEG could significantly decrease the time to treatment of seizures in the Neuro ICU patient population, and perhaps could improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Study on the Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Commitment for Male Teachers at Elementary Schools in Academic Year of 2013-2014, in Quchan City, Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Saremi ◽  
Morteza Rajab Pur Farkhani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Male Teachers ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims at investigating the relationship between spiritual intelligence and organizational commitment in male teachers of elementary schools in Quchan in the 2013-2014 school years. This is an applied research. Since the researcher sought to study the relationship between the two components, this is correlation research. Considering the variables studied, statistical population was all male teachers in grades three and four at elementary school in Quchan in the 2013-2014 school years. Total number of teachers obtained from Quchan Department of Education was 98 and due to the small size of study population, sampling wasn't performed and the sample was considered equal to the population. Data collection tools were Meyer and Allen's organizational commitment questionnaire and Abdullah Zadeh's spiritual intelligence questionnaire. Having completed the questionnaires, the researcher used mean central statistical indicators and standard deviation dispersion measures and variance for data analysis in descriptive statistics level and in inferential statistics level, they used multivariate linear regression statistic method.The results showed that there was not a significant correlation between total spiritual intelligence and total organizational commitment. There was not also a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and its components with continuance and normative commitments. However, there was a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and its components with affective commitment.The findings indicated that spiritual intelligence has been effective in maintaining and improving organizational commitment and it should be tried to improve spirituality and spiritual intelligence in employees and teachers.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Corporate Diversification on the Value of Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Hoshang Amiri ◽  
Samare Sawari ◽  
Mahdi Bazrafshan
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Corporate Diversification ◽  
Growth Opportunities ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Independent Variable

This research examined effect of corporate diversification on the firm's value in companies listed in Tehran StockExchange during the years 2006 till 2013. To answer the question posed one hypothesis. The hypothesis examined therelationship between the company's diversification and growth opportunities. Dependent variable of the study iscompany's value. Enterprise value has been calculated by natural logarithm of the market value per share of thecompany's expected value. The independent variable of this research is diversification that was calculated by entropyindex. To select the sample size of the study population the systematic elimination method is used, and finally 263companies that were consistent with the research, was selected. To test the hypothesis of Panel data is used. The resultsshow a significant positive impact between diversification and company's firm value.

The Role of Organizational Culture in the Implementation of E-Administration: A Field Study at Banks in Hodeidah

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-88
Author(s):  
Maged Abdul Wakil Fadhl Al-Qubati ◽  
Dr. Ali Saleh Ali Al Ajam
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Organizational Beliefs ◽  
Organizational Expectations

The study aimed to identify the organizational culture practice and its impact on the application of e-administration in the banks operating in Hodeidah. The study used the descriptive analytical method. Since the study population consisted of only (146) administrative staff members, (126) members were selected by the complete census method to whom the questionnaire was distributed to collect relevant data. Major findings showed various degrees in the level of organizational culture and e-administration in favor of the independent variable (organizational culture). Findings also showed statistically significant positive impact of organizational culture represented by its four dimensions (organizational norms, organizational expectations, organizational values, and organizational beliefs) on the application of e-administration. Furthermore, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences of the mean scores among sample's responses on the level of application of e-administration attributed to their demographic variables. However, there were statistically significant differences in the level of organizational culture attributed to gender and courses of computer skills, but there were no differences in other demographic variables. The study recommends that organizational culture in banks regulations should be promoted in order to help them introduce modern technology (e-administration) in all their activities.

scholarly journals 2124

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Kotarba
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
Scientific Enterprise ◽  
Culture Of Science

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: This report describes the evolution of scientific culture since the NIH/translational science (TS) mandate. The transition of the conduct of science to an increasingly translational model involves 2 dimensions of change. The first dimension consists of change in the structure and process of scientific work, in terms of factors such as funding, administration, application of new knowledge, and so forth. The second dimension consists of change in culture of scientific work. The culture of science is the set of values, assumptions, meanings, and traditions that inform the conduct of science. As part of the comprehensive evaluation of TS at the University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston, we have monitored the status of the culture of science there through a sociological framework. We focused on the ways the changing culture of science facilitates and/or inhibits creative and effective medical research. We argue that the long-term success of TS is dependent upon the evolution of assumptions, everyday practices, and taken-for-granted ways of conducting research. Culture also provides meanings for who its people are and helps us define who we are to ourselves (ie, self-concept). In terms of the scientific enterprise, self-identity provides the motivation to participate in group activities or to be content with being a “lone ranger” researcher; the orientation to be either a leader or a follower; the security to take creative chances with one’s work or to simply conduct “normal science”; and the sense of esteem for being the best or simply doing one’s job. TS requires a constant “reengineering” of its total enterprise. Consequently, we raised the following research questions: (1) What is the traditional culture of science at UTMB? (2) How has the culture of science at UTMB changed since the introduction of the Clinical and Translational Science Award project? (3) What has been the relationship between the culture of science and the conduct of science at UTMB since CTSA? (4) How have cultural influences on self-concept changed? METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Data have been collected by means of ongoing 1-on-1 interviews with CTSA participants at all levels; observations of lab and classroom interaction; participation in organizational and planning committees; and other everyday organizational activities. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Following the grounded theory method of qualitative analysis and discovery, we found 3 stages of cultural change. Stage 1 is Cultural Invasion of the existing culture at UTMB by the implementation of the CTSA project. Stage 2 is Cultural Accommodation by which internal responses to change follow the normal scientific paradigm. Stage 3 is Cultural Expansion by which the organizational and cultural platform for conducting science has expanded regionally, nationally and cross-disciplinarily. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Whether a distinct fourth stage emerges depends on such factors as funding and programmatic directives from NIH; the tension between research and clinical demands for resources; and the emergence of junior investigators schooled on the principles of TS.

scholarly journals Scientific Review Committees as part of institutional review of human participant research: Initial implementation at institutions with Clinical and Translational Science Awards

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Harry P. Selker ◽  
Lisa C. Welch ◽  
Elizabeth Patchen-Fowler ◽  
Janis L. Breeze ◽  
Norma Terrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Institutional Review Boards ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Initial Implementation ◽  
Consensus Group ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Group Recommendations

AbstractIntroduction:Scientific quality and feasibility are part of ethics review by Institutional Review Boards (IRBs). Scientific Review Committees (SRCs) were proposed to facilitate this assessment by the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) SRC Consensus Group. This study assessed SRC feasibility and impact at CTSA-affiliated academic health centers (AHCs).Methods:SRC implementation at 10 AHCs was assessed pre/post-intervention using quantitative and qualitative methods. Pre-intervention, four AHCs had no SRC, and six had at least one SRC needing modifications to better align with Consensus Group recommendations.Results:Facilitators of successful SRC implementation included broad-based communication, an external motivator, senior-level support, and committed SRC reviewers. Barriers included limited resources and staffing, variable local mandates, limited SRC authority, lack of anticipated benefit, and operational challenges. Research protocol quality did not differ significantly between study periods, but respondents suggested positive effects. During intervention, median total review duration did not lengthen for the 40% of protocols approved within 3 weeks. For the 60% under review after 3 weeks, review was lengthened primarily due to longer IRB review for SRC-reviewed protocols. Site interviews recommended designing locally effective SRC processes, building buy-in by communication or by mandate, allowing time for planning and sharing best practices, and connecting SRC and IRB procedures.Conclusions:The CTSA SRC Consensus Group recommendations appear feasible. Although not conclusive in this relatively short initial implementation, sites perceived positive impact by SRCs on study quality. Optimal benefit will require local or federal mandate for implementation, adapting processes to local contexts, and employing SRC stipulations.

scholarly journals 2305

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
Gayathri Devi ◽  
Ranjan Sudan ◽  
Stephanie Freel ◽  
Laura Fish
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Health Care Research ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Grant Writing ◽  
Team Science ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Duke University ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To improve translational research, we have developed a program called Duke Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Translational Sciences (Duke MERITS). Duke MERITS will facilitate cross-disciplinary collaboration among faculty involved in foundational, clinical and/or health care research and in turn also prepare them to train the next generation of translational researchers. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The program aims are (1) to define metrics and outcomes measures so faculty can track their progress and identify impact of their collaborative research in translational sciences; (2) to offer a multi-modal faculty development series to promote team science, improve didactic teaching, and incorporate innovative resources to promote interdisciplinary approach to translational research; (3) to provide module-based hands-on-training sessions in bench to bedside research and training in translational grant writing to facilitate the development of multidisciplinary research collaborations. The present study describes results from Aim 1 and includes (a) development of baseline outcome assessment tools necessary to gauge the impact of our programs on both the participating faculty and the research culture within Duke University, (b) impact of a specific course offering in Translational Medicine. In order to achieve this, we conducted multiple focus group sessions with faculty self-identified as junior-, mid-, or advanced-career, a mixed group at any career level and included a group of graduate students and postdoctoral trainees to study the impact of a graduate level course in Translational Aspects of Pathobiology. The activities during these translational science focus groups were designed to define what successful translational science is, to determine what resources support translational Science at Duke, and to decide what resources we need in order to enhance Duke’s position as a leader in research and scientific education. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We identified that translational science is changing standards while incorporating leadership, teamwork, collaborations, and movement primarily focusing on the overall goal of improving all aspects of health. Participants categorized their field of study and the fields of their coparticipants most frequently as basic discovery and a combination of intervention and health services. The most frequently identified pros/benefits of performing translational science at Duke include industry connections, collaborations with other departments resulting in disciplines being bridged, improving patient care, and access to resources as well as money. The most frequently identified cons/barriers of performing translational science includes the expensiveness, silos, and lack of resources willing to absorb risks. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The identification of these defined factors from the focus groups has allowed us to issue a comprehensive, sliding Likert scale-based anonymous survey from the secure RedCap system and is being rolled out throughout Duke University, including schools of medicine, nursing, Trinity, biomedical engineering. We envision that Duke MERITS education program will facilitate interprofessional efforts, which we define as a team science approach to identify the clinical “roadblock” and then seek an innovative approach or technology to help overcome this “roadblock”? It can facilitate institutional and departmental recognition in faculty career development. The common goal is to gain fundamental new insights that will result in significant improvement of the existing “standard of care” and meet the challenges of dwindling extramural support.

scholarly journals Effects of Socio-Environmental Factors on Malaria Infection in Pakistan: A Bayesian Spatial Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq Umer ◽  
Shumaila Zofeen ◽  
Abdul Majeed ◽  
Wenbiao Hu ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Malaria Control Program ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Bayesian Spatial Analysis

The role of socio-environmental factors in shaping malaria dynamics is complex and inconsistent. Effects of socio-environmental factors on malaria in Pakistan at district level were examined. Annual malaria cases data were obtained from Directorate of Malaria Control Program, Pakistan. Meteorological data were supplied by Pakistan Meteorological Department. A major limitation was the use of yearly, rather than monthly/weekly malaria data in this study. Population data, socio-economic data and education score data were downloaded from internet. Bayesian conditional autoregressive model was used to find the statistical association of socio-environmental factors with malaria in Pakistan. From 136/146 districts in Pakistan, >750,000 confirmed malaria cases were included, over a three years’ period (2013–2015). Socioeconomic status ((posterior mean value −3.965, (2.5% quintile, −6.297%), (97.5% quintile, −1.754%)) and human population density (−7.41 × 10−4, −0.001406%, −1.05 × 10−4 %) were inversely related, while minimum temperature (0.1398, 0.05275%, 0.2145%) was directly proportional to malaria in Pakistan during the study period. Spatial random effect maps presented that moderate relative risk (RR, 0.75 to 1.24) and high RR (1.25 to 1.99) clusters were scattered throughout the country, outnumbering the ones’ with low RR (0.23 to 0.74). Socio-environmental variables influence annual malaria incidence in Pakistan and needs further evaluation.

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