Influence of energy intake on protein and lipid deposition in Creole and Large White growing pigs in a humid tropical climate

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 937-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Renaudeau ◽  
B. Bocage ◽  
J. Noblet
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Large White ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Dietary Nutrients ◽  
Caribbean Area

AbstractTwenty-four castrated males were used to study the effect of breed (Large White v. Creole (LW v. CR)) and feeding level (0·70, 0·80, 0·90, and 1·00 ad libitum) on growth performance and protein deposition (PD) and lipid deposition (LD) between 30 and 60 kg in growing pigs under tropical climatic conditions; the CR pigs are raised in the Caribbean area and can be qualified as fat and slow growing pigs. Daily protein and amino acids supplies were calculated to be non-limiting for protein gain. Total PD and LD were measured according to the comparative slaughter technique. Digestibility coefficients of energy and nutrients were estimated over a 10-day period at 45 kg live weight. Neither the breed nor the feeding level influenced the apparent digestibility coefficients of dietary nutrients; only energy digestibility was increased at reduced feeding levels (P<0·05). Average daily gain increased linearly with the increase of metabolizable energy (ME) intake and the slope of the relationship was lower in CR than in LW pigs (30·4 v. 36·6 g per additional MJ ME). The food conversion ratio was not affected by feeding level but it was significantly higher in CR than in LW pigs (2·88 v. 2·36 kg /kg; P<0·001). Daily PD increased with ME intake according to a linear relationship in both breeds and the slope was significantly affected by breed (3·1 v. 4·2 g/MJ ME in CR and LW pigs, respectively; P<0·001). In contrast, the increase of LD and total energy retained with ME were higher in CR than in LW pigs (8·4 v. 6·4 g/MJ and 0·40 v. 0·36 MJ/ MJ ME, respectively; P<0·001).

EFFECT OF VARIOUS FORMS OF SELENIUM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND METABOLISM OF FATTENED YOUNG PIGS IN PRODUCTION CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
M.G. CHABAEV ◽  
◽  
E.YU. TSIS ◽  
R.V. NEKRASOV ◽  
M.I. KLEMENTEV
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Large White ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Young Pigs

Selenium plays an important role for maintaining complex and adequate nutrition of fattened young pigs. It also has a big biological importance to maintain growth and health, as well as for biochemical and physiological processes This study presents the results of a production experiment to determine the effect of organic and inorganic forms of selenium on growth indicators, immunohematological blood parameters and slaughter qualities of fattened pigs in period I and II. Test feeding with various forms of selenium has been implemented with two groups of analogs (N = 60; n = 30), taking into account age and live weight. The experiment was conducted on castrates of large white breed, which were divided into two groups of 30 heads each following the principle of analogues (taking into account their age, live weight). The studied fattened pigs received standard complete feeds of the SK-5 and SK-6 types for a period of 105 days. Growing pigs were fed with organic selenium for 20 mg/kg as part of the feed 64 mixture per head in the first and second period of fattening, while the animals of the control group were fed with 0.3 mg/kg of the inorganic form of selenium. Including a chelated form of selenium in the complete feed of castrates at the rate established in the course of scientific and economic studies has led to 757 g of average daily gain, which is 8.1% more as compared to the control group. The concentration of red blood cells in the blood of growing pigs fed with 20 mg/kg of selenium chelate increased by 6.3%, hemoglobin – by 2.4%, and white blood cells – by 7.1% as compared to the control. Feeding organic selenium to fattened young pigs contributed to a significant increase in specific units of protein activity by 38.65% (p < 0.01), BASC – by 7.63%, as well as lysis – by 40.06% (p < 0.05), and phagocytic activity by 3.33% in blood serum as compared to the control. The half-carcasses of hogs who had received fed rations including selenium chelate fetured slaughter weight and slaughter yield, respectively, higher – by 6.4 and 0.6% as compared with the control analogues. The use of the established norm of organic selenium in the diets of fattened young pigs according to the results of production testing is economically profitable and contributes to a per-head profit of 420 rubles.

Effect of high ambient temperature on protein and lipid deposition and energy utilization in growing pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Le Bellego ◽  
J. van Milgen ◽  
J. Noblet
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Feeding Level

AbstractThe effects of high ambient temperature (T) on protein (PD) and lipid deposition (LD) and energy utilization were studied on 36 Piétrain ✕ (Landrace ✕ Large White) barrows according to a factorial design including two temperatures (23ºC for thermoneutrality and 30ºC for the high temperature) and four feeding levels. One feeding level corresponded to the voluntary food intake (VFI) at each temperature. Expressed as proportion of VFI at 23ºC, the actual feeding levels were 1·00, 0·90, 0·80, 0·70 at 23ºC and 0·80, 0·73, 0·68 and 0·62 at 30ºC. Animals were offered a wheat, maize and soya-bean meal based diet containing 187 g crude protein per kg and 0·95 g ileal standardized digestible lysine per MJ of net energy. Pigs were housed individually and had free access to water. The experiment started at 24 kg live weight and animals were slaughtered at 65 kg live weight and their body composition was measured. Slaughter of nine control pigs at the beginning of the experiment allowed calculation of the composition of gain (nutrients and energy) according to the comparative slaughter technique. Reduction of metabolizable energy (ME) intake resulted in a reduced live-weight gain at each T: the maximum gain was 1052 g/ day in pigs offered food ad libitum at 23ºC and the minimum (760 g/day) at the lowest intake at 30ºC. Visceral organ mass was lower at 30ºC than at 23ºC but was not affected by feeding level within T. Growth responses were described as polynomial or broken-line functions of ME intake (linear-plateau for PD). Both the slope and the plateau were influenced by T. At 30ºC, PDmax (143 g/day) was reached at 22·8 MJ ME per day, while at 23ºC PDmax (165 g/day) was reached at 28·4 MJ ME per day. In both cases, PDmax was reached at 0·88 of VFI at this temperature. Also the marginal response of PD to ME intake before the breakpoint was affected by T (5·9 and 4·5 g PD per MJ ME at 23ºC and 30ºC, respectively). At identical high ME intake (e.g. 0·80 of VFI at 23ºC), PD was greater at 23ºC than at 30ºC. In contrast, severe food restriction reduced PD at thermoneutrality more than an identical food restriction obtained at high ambient T. The results indicate that heat stress has a direct negative effect on PD and affects the partitioning of energy gain between protein and fat deposition.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Diets Containing Amarula (Sclerocarya Birrea A. Rich) Nut Cake as Replacement To Soybean Meal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggy Palesa Mabena ◽  
Moses Ratsaka ◽  
Thobela Nkukwana ◽  
Ingrid Malebana ◽  
Douglas Nkosi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Abstract This experiment evaluated varying levels of Amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake (ANC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics in pigs. Thirty Large White × Landrace (LW × LR) pigs were stratified by weight (average live weight of 20 ± 5 kg) and randomly allocated to the five experimental diets that contained 0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 g ANC/kg DM. Each pig served as a replicate unit, housed individually. Bodyweight, feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly throughout the trial period. On completion of the growth trial, following a 3-day adaptation, a nutrient digestibility study was conducted over 5 days. Thereafter, pigs were fasted for twelve hours, weighed, slaughtered, and carcass samples were collected for analysis. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatment, but ADGs were reduced at ANC levels > 15%, resulting in poor FCR. Protein digestibility was reduced at ANC levels > 15%, while ether extract and fibre levels increased. Warm and cold carcass weights were lower at ANC levels > 15, with improved meat redness and lightness. It was concluded that ANC could replace SBM in the diet of growing pigs at less than 15% inclusion level.

Effect of phytase supplementation with two levels of phosphorus diets on ileal and faecal digestibilities of nutrients and phosphorus, calcium, nitrogen and energy balances in growing pigs

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Fan ◽  
T. J. Li ◽  
Y. L. Yin ◽  
R. J. Fang ◽  
Z. Y. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Large White ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Energy Balances

AbstractThe experiment was conducted to assess the effects of phytase supplementation to diets with two levels of phosphorus (P) on ileal and faecal digestibility of nutrients and phosphorus, calcium, nitrogen and energy balances in growing pigs. Fifteen Landrace × Large White × Chinese Black barrows, with an initial live weight of 22·2 kg fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum, were randomly allocated to one of the five diet treatments, according to a of cross-over design with two periods. The basal diet was typical of southern Asia with maize/rice and rapeseed/cottonseed meals. A normal (NP, supplemented with 4·8 g/kg of CaHPO4) and a low-P diet (LP, not supplemented with CaHPO4) were formulated. Both of the diets were supplemented with and without Natuphos® Phytase (500 phytase units (FTU) per kg diet). An enzyme hydrolysed casein (EHC) diet (diet 5) was also formulated to determine the flow of the ileal endogenous amino acids (AA). The results showed that both the higher level P treatment and phytase supplementation increased (P < 0·05) the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and energy. Phytase supplementation also increased (P < 0·05) the AID of Ca and P. Pigs given the higher level of P or the phytase diet increased apparent faecal digestibility (AFD) of DM, OM and energy. Phytase supplementation reduced (P < 0·01) faecal Ca output and increased (P < 0·05) proportional Ca retention. The higher level of P increased (P < 0·001) total P intake and P retention (P < 0·05) but did not affect the proportion of P retained (P > 0·05). Phytase supplementation did not affect P balance (P > 0·05). Pigs given the higher level P or the phytase diet had reduced (P < 0·05) faecal energy concentration, although there was no affect on urine energy output, digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME). However, there were P × phytase effects on DE and ME (P < 0·05). There were no P × phytase effects (P > 0·05) on AID of AA except with isoleucine (P < 0·01). Phytase supplementation increased (P < 0·05) AID of histidine, isoleucine, threonine and glutamine and there was a numeric increase in AID for most of the other AA. There was P × phytase effect on AFD of histidine (P < 0·05), isoleucine (P < 0·05), methionine (P < 0·05) and threonine (P < 0·01). Phytase supplementation increased the AFD of isoleucine (P < 0·05), threonine (P < 0·01) and tended to increase AFD of tyrosine (P < 0·05). The level of MCP affected the AFD of lysine (P < 0·01), threonine (P < 0·05), aspartic acid (P < 0·05). Phytase supplementation increased true ileal digestibility of histidine (P < 0·05), isoleucine (P < 0·001), threonine (P = 0·001), glutamine (P < 0·01), respectively. These results indicate that phytase used in the present study was able to improve the utilization of DM, OM, CP, Ca, P, energy and amino acid in a maize/rice and rapeseed/cottonseed meal based diet and reduce total output of them in manure.

Growth performance and carcass characteristics of two genotypes of growing-finishing pig in three different housing systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Guy ◽  
P. Rowlinson ◽  
J. P. Chadwick ◽  
M. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Food Conversion Ratio ◽  
Genotype 2

AbstractA trial was conducted to compare the growth performance and carcass characteristics of 720 growing pigs housed in one of three different finishing systems: outdoor paddocks, straw yards and fully slatted pens. Two genotypes were used: ‘indoor’ (progeny of Large White ✕ Landrace sows mated to Large White boars) or ‘outdoor’ (progeny of part-Duroc or part-Meishan sows, mated to Large White boars). Groups of 20 pigs were reared from an average of 30 to 80 kg live weight and given ad libitum access to a commercial specification diet. The outdoor genotypes had significantly lower average daily gain than the indoor genotype (682, 673 and 719 g respectively for part-Duroc, part-Meishan and indoor-type pigs, P 0·01). Part-Meishan genotypes had significantly higher backfat levels than the indoor genotype (P 0·05), with an intermediate value for part-Duroc pigs (22·6, 21·1 and 21·8 mm respectively). Values for food conversion ratio were significantly higher for combined outdoor genotype groups when compared with the indoor genotype (2·76 v. jt>2·62, P 0·05). Average daily gains of pigs in straw yards and outdoor paddocks were significantly higher than for those in fully slatted pens (736 and 675 v. 627 g, P 0·01 respectively). Food conversion ratio was similar for pigs in outdoor paddocks and fully slatted pens, but significantly lower for those in straw yards (2·77 and 2·75 v. 2·55, P 0·01 respectively). Backfat depth (P1 + P3mm) was significantly greater for animals finished in straw yards compared to those in outdoor paddocks (22·2 v. 20·6 mm, P 0·05) and intermediate for those finished in fully slatted pens (21·5 mm). Interaction between finishing system and genotype did not occur to any major degree, hence it appears unnecessary to specify a particular genotype for a particular finishing system. It was concluded that pigs of the outdoor genotype had a lower growth performance compared with the indoor genotype. Finishing systems however may have been confounded by other factors so that no clear recommendations can be made as to the optimum finishing system.

scholarly journals Live and internal organ weights of male growing pigs fed low protein and low energy diets supplemented with multi-enzyme

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
R. A. Amaefule ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
O. C. Ilouno ◽  
T. C. Iwuji ◽  
I. P. Ogbuewu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
White Male ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Large White

Organ characteristics of male growing male pigs fed low crude protein and low energy diets supplemented with multi-enzyme were determined using 36 hybrid (Landrace x Large white) male pigs of 8-10 weeks old. Two metabolizable energy (3000 and 2600 Kcal ME/kg) and three crude protein levels (14, 16 and 18 % CP) were used to formulate six dietary treatments; T1: control (3000 Kcal ME/kg; 18 % CP), T2 (3000 Kcal ME/Kg; 16 % CP), T3 (3000 Kcal ME/kg; 14 % CP), T4 (2600 Kcal ME/kg; 18 % CP), T5 (2600 Kcal ME/kg; 16 % CP) and T6 (2600 Kcal ME/kg; 14 % CP). The enzyme was added to all the treatments at 1g/kg diet except the control. The treatments were replicated three times with two pigs per replicate. The experiment was a 2 x 3 factorial. The pigs were starved for 12 hours but allowed access to drinking water, stunned and bled completely. It was cut open though the thorax region along the underline to the abdomen, exposing the entire internal organs and GIT contents. The heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and other internal organs were examined, carefully removed and weighed with a sensitive electronic kitchen scale, model SF-400. Higher (P <0.05) live weight (33500.00g), with lower (P <0.05) mean values for heart and viscera were recorded in male growing pigs fed T4. Male growing pigs fed with T3 and T6 had lower (P<0.05) live weight (12200.00g and 11500.00g), and higher (P<0.05) relative internal organs. Male growing pigs fed 14 % CP diets (T3 and T6) with their corresponding metabolizable energy levels (3000kcal and 2600kcal) recorded higher (P<0.05) heart and viscera's values. Keeping growing (male) pigs on low crude protein diets (14 %) supplemented with multi-enzyme, irrespective of the energy levels, did not improve live weight but increased relative organ weight.   Les caractéristiques des organes de porcs mâles en croissance nourris à faible en protéines brutes et en énergie mais plutôt supplémentée en multi-enzymes ont été déterminées en utilisant 36 porcs mâles hybrides (Landrace x Large white) âgés de 8 à 10 semaines. Deux énergies métabolisables (3000 et 2600 Kcal ME / kg) et trois niveaux de protéines brutes (14, 16 et 18% CP) ont été utilisés pour formuler six traitements diététiques ; T1 : contrôle (3000 Kcal ME / kg ; 18% CP), T2 (3000 Kcal ME / Kg ; 16% CP), T3 (3000 Kcal ME / kg ; 14% CP), T4 (2600 Kcal ME / kg ; 18 % CP), T5 (2600 Kcal ME / kg ; 16% CP) et T6 (2600 Kcal ME / kg ; 14% CP). L'enzyme a été ajoutée à tous les traitements à raison de 1 g / kg de régime sauf le témoin. Les traitements ont été répliqués trois fois avec deux porcs par réplica. L'expérience était une factorielle 2 x 3. Les porcs ont été affamés pendant 12 heures mais ont eu accès à l'eau potable, étourdis et saignaient complètement. Il a été ouvert à travers la région du thorax le long du trait de soulignement jusqu'à l'abdomen, exposant l'ensemble des organes internes et le contenu du 'GIT'. Le cœur, les poumons, le foie, les reins, la rate et d'autres organes internes ont été examinés, soigneusement prélevés et pesés avec une balance de cuisine électronique sensible, modèle SF-400. Un poids vif plus élevé (P <0,05) (33500,00 g), avec des valeurs moyennes plus faibles (P <0,05) pour le cœur et les viscères ont été enregistrés chez des porcs en croissance mâles nourris au T4. Les porcs mâles en croissance nourris avec T3 et T6 avaient des organes internes relatifs inférieurs (P <0,05) (12 200,00 g et 11500,00 g) et supérieurs (P <0,05). Les porcs mâles en croissance nourris avec 14% de régimes 'CP' (T3 et T6) avec leurs niveaux d'énergie métabolisables correspondants (3000 kcal et 2600 kcal) ont enregistré des valeurs cardiaques et viscérales plus élevées (P <0,05). Le fait de garder les porcs en croissance (mâles) avec des régimes pauvres en protéines brutes (14%) supplémentés en multi-enzymes, quels que soient les niveaux d'énergie, n'a pas amélioré le poids vif mais augmenté le poids relatif des organes

Influence of energy and protein concentration in the diet on the performance of growing pigs 2. Differing nutrient density at a constant energy: protein ratio

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Lodge ◽  
M. E. Cundy ◽  
R. Cooke ◽  
D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

SUMMARYForty-eight gilts by Landrace sires on Large White × Landrace females were randomly allocated to eight pens and within pens to six treatment groups involving three diets and two levels of feeding from 23 to 59 kg live weight. All diets were formulated to have approximately the same ratio of digestible energy to crude protein (160 kcal DE/unit % CP) but different energy and protein concentrations: (A) 3500 kcal/kg DE and 21 % CP, (B) 3150 kcal/kg DE and 19% CP, and (C) 2800 kcal/kg DE and 17% CP. Amino acid balance was maintained relatively constant with synthetic lysine, methionine and tryptophan. The levels of feeding were such that the lower level of diet A allowed an intake of energy and protein similar to the higher level of diet B, and the lower level of B was similar to the higher level of C.On the lower level of feeding, growth rate, efficiency of feed conversion and carcass fat content increased linearly with each increment in nutrient concentration; on the higher level of feeding growth rate and EFC increased from diet C to B but not from B to A, whereas carcass fat content increased linearly with diet from the lowest to the highest concentration. There was a non-significant tendency for the higher density diets at a similar level of nutrient intake to give better EFC and fatter carcasses than the lower density diets.

Growth performance and carcass traits of Large White, Mukota and Large White ✕ Mukota F1crosses given graded levels of maize cob meal

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Kanengoni ◽  
K. Dzama ◽  
M. Chimonyo ◽  
J. Kusina ◽  
S. M. Maswaure
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Maize Cob ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Daily Gain

AbstractA study was conducted to compare the performance of Mukota, Large White (LW) and LW ✕ Mukota F1pigs given increasing levels of maize cob meal. Sixteen female weaners of each genotype were given, ad libitum, diets containing 0, 100, 200 and 300 g maize cob meal per kg of diet for 14 weeks. The diets were designed to contain similar levels of protein (ca. 160 g crude protein per kg) and energy (ca. 9 MJ metabolizable energy per kg). Average daily food intake per unit metabolic body weight (ADFI per kg M0·75), average daily gain (ADG) and food conversion ratio (FCR) were determined. The pigs were slaughtered and cold dressed mass (CDM) and backfat thickness were determined for each pig. The ADFI per kg M0·75was similar among the four diets for the three genotypes. The rate of decline in ADG was higher (P < 0·05) in the LW than in the other two genotypes. The FCR in the Mukota was poorer (P < 0·05) than that in the LW and the F1crosses. The Mukota had the highest (P < 0·05) backfat thickness (K5 and K7·5) values of the three genotypes across the four diets, followed by the F1crosses. The CDM values for the LW and the F1crosses were similar and were higher (P < 0·05) than those for the Mukota. The findings indicate that F1crosses and the Mukota were better able to utilize diets containing high levels of maize cob meal than LW pigs.

Effect of level of feed intake on the performance and carcass composition of growing pigs

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Barber ◽  
R. Braude ◽  
K. G. Mitchell ◽  
R. J. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Large White ◽  
Enzootic Pneumonia ◽  
Litter Mate ◽  
Different Genetic Background ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARY1. Twelve blocks of six enzootic-pneumonia-free Large White litter-mate pigs were individually fed, wet, from 20 to 92 kg live weight on six different levels of feed intake. Four groups were fed according to scales based on live weight and two were fed on a ‘semi-ad libitum’ system. One of the scales used was based on the ARC (1967) recommendations.2. Pigs on ‘semi-ad libitum’ feeding grew significantly faster than those on scale feeding although the feed: gain ratios were similar. Differences in performance between the four scale-fed groups were relatively small.3. Although treatment differences in carcass measurements were in the main small, the commercial grading results favoured the carcasses from the scale-fed pigs. The firmness of backfat assessed by thumb pressure was reduced as the level of feeding was increased.4. The results were compared with those obtained in a similar trial carried out at Shinfield in 1957 using pigs of a completely different genetic background. The general conclusions reached were similar in the two trials, that to obtain the most satisfactory overall results some form of controlled scale-feeding was necessary.

The use of moist barley in diets for growing pigs

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Livingstone ◽  
D. M. S. Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed

SUMMARYA total of 156 pigs of the Large White breed were used in a series of four experiments to test the suitability of barley which had been stored with a high moisture content as an ingredient in the diets of growing pigs. Barleys with mean moisture contents of 26·3%, 28·1% and 21·2% and a range from 19·6% to 30·5%, from three successive harvests were used.In all the trials there was evidence that the use of moist barley in diets for growing pigs had an adverse effect on live-weight gain and feed conversion ratio, the effect being independent of whether feed intakes were equated on the basis of the dry-matter content of the diets. In one of the experiments performance was depressed to the extent of causing changes in carcass characteristics. The performance of pigs given rolled barley was similar to that of others given ground barley.

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