Analyzing the heterogeneous impacts of high-speed rail entry on air travel in China: A hierarchical panel regression approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 86-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Zhengli Wang ◽  
Hai Jiang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Regression Approach

Struttura competitiva dopo la crisi Alitalia: il caso dela tratta Milano-Roma

2009 ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Giovanna Campopiano ◽  
Josip Kotlar ◽  
Andrea Salanti
Keyword(s):  
Price Competition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Real Price

Air travel routes and high speed rail connection between Milan and Rome after the Alitalia crisis This paper analyses the first available data about changes in passenger traffic and air/rail fares after the Alitalia crisis and the substantial reduction of the travel time between Milan and Rome, due to the improvement of high speed rail on this connection. As recently happened in similar cases within Europe, the rail has gained a significant share of traffic previously attracted by air transport services. Apart from that, a real price competition is prevented by a number of inefficiencies which are mainly due to the monopolistic position of the new Alitalia on the route Milan Linate-Rome Fiumicino and problems of accessibility affecting our airports, and partly our rail stations too. The role of the various authorities potentially involved is burdened, in the last instance, by infrastructural deficiencies.

Forecast of domestic air travel demand change by opening the high speed rail

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Whan Kim ◽  
Hyun Yeal Seo ◽  
Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Air Travel Demand

Effects of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail on air travel: Passenger types, airline groups and tacit collusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 64-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenliang Ma ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Hangjun Yang ◽  
Anming Zhang ◽  
Yahua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Tacit Collusion ◽  
High Speed Rail

Maglev High Speed Rail Along the Northeast Corridor

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Kinstlinger
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
New York ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
High Speed ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Eastern Seaboard ◽  
The U.S

This paper summarizes parts of a feasibility study prepared by the Maryland Transit Administration for the Federal Railroad Administration on a proposed magnetically levitated train project.1 Initially the project would connect Camden Yards in downtown Baltimore with Union Station in Washington DC with a stop at BWI Thurgood Marshall Airport. Ultimately, it is proposed to extend the Project along the U.S. eastern seaboard north through Philadelphia and New York to Boston and south through Richmond, Raleigh and Charlotte in North Carolina. The paper contains an evaluation of potential air travel reduction along the east coast if maglev service were available and a comparison of energy consumption between maglev and conventional modes of travel. Finally, the paper contains estimates of reductions in carbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions resulting from diversions of travel from autos and aircraft to the proposed maglev service along the eastern seaboard.

scholarly journals How Much Does High-speed Rail Substitute for Air Travel? Implications for Transport, Environmental and Energy Policies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengyu Zhu ◽  
Yatang Lin ◽  
Yuqing Guo
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Substitution Effects ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
Flight Frequency ◽  
Significant Negative Impact

Abstract Using detailed scheduling data on a total of 13.8 million domestic flights in China from 2011 to 2016, this paper quantifies the substitution effects of HSR on air travel, as measured by the monthly flight frequency and the average number of seats per flight for each air route, employing difference-in-differences (DID) and propensity score matching (PSM) approaches. We find that HSR has a significant negative impact on monthly flight frequency: on average, the introduction of HSR has led to a 10.1% drop in the monthly number of flights per route. However, this average impact conceals significant heterogeneity by distance. The comprehensive coverage of flights from 2011 to 2016 allows us to divide the full sample into sufficiently large sub-samples by every 200 km distance band. Results indicate significantly larger substitution effect for routes of shorter distance and the cutoff distance is 900 km, beyond which no effect of HSR connection on air travel is observed. We further apply the PSM approach in an event study analysis to alleviate selection bias and obtain similar results. Moreover, the HSR-induced decrease in flight frequency was most substantial in routes between hub cities. Based on our estimates, the spared CO2 emissions due to HSR-induced air travel decrease amount to 2 million tonnes annually, and energy saving is about 19.33 PJ annually. Our research not only provides important implications for transport policy in terms of multi-mode intercity transport planning, but also provides more accurate estimates about the carbon emission reduction through the substitution between HSR and air travel, thereby better informing evidence-based decision-making in transportation and environmental policy.

scholarly journals Even Electric Trains Use Coal: Fixed and Relative Costs, Hidden Factors and Income Inequality in HSR Projects with Reference to Vietnam’s North–South Express Railway

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13563
Author(s):  
James Kaizuka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Equivalent Length ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Per Capita

High-Speed Rail is often advertised as a sustainable alternative to air travel, and accordingly numerous initiatives for the construction of new HSR infrastructure are currently being pursued across Southeast Asia and the globe. However, beneath promises of “zero-emissions travel” frequently lie numerous hidden factors—how much steel is needed to build the railway? What energy sources are being used to generate the electricity which drives the train? Moreover, how many passengers are required for the train to be efficient relative to other forms of transport? This paper seeks to examine these questions to uncover what “hidden factors” may be present in HSR, using Vietnam’s proposed North–South Express Railway (NSER) as an example. This study calculates the CO2 emissions likely to be produced by the NSER from the construction steel and the power consumed in operation using publicly available data on the technical standards of the railway and existing data on emissions per energy source, combining this data with market size analyses of the central provinces of the proposed line based on official population and income statistics across a range of scenarios to estimate what level of ridership will be required to outperform an equivalent-length air journey. The research finds that under current projections, the HSR may emit more CO2 per end-to-end journey than a plane, that even in per-capita terms the emissions may be worse depending on the seat fill rate, and that the market size of Vietnam’s central provinces will present significant challenges in ensuring that the railway is efficient enough to outperform the plane in ridership terms. This demonstrates both the outstanding impacts of coal and other fossil fuel use in the energy mix and the potential link between environmental performance and regional inequality which constitute the hidden costs in HSR projects, and the exacerbated risks to the environment posed by inequality.

Substitution from Air to High-Speed Rail: The Case of Amsterdam Airport

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (5) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Kroes ◽  
Fons Savelberg
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Market Segment ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
High Speed Trains

In this paper we present the results of a study that aims to establish the potential for high-speed train travel as a substitute for short distance air travel at Amsterdam Airport. We investigated the 13 most important destinations that offer direct flights to and from Amsterdam Airport. Almost 40% of the air passengers travelling to/from these destinations are transfer passengers. Empirical evidence reveals that high-speed trains dominate the market for journeys of 2 hours or less, such as between Paris and Brussels. However, trains claim only a tiny market share of journeys longer than 5 to 6 hours; air travel dominates that market segment. Using these findings, we developed a model to estimate the substitution of air travel with high-speed train travel. The explanatory variables in this model are travel time, daily departure options, fares, and the inconvenience associated with transferring at airports. In a “minimum” scenario, we predict that in 2030 high-speed trains could replace approximately 1.9 million air journeys. This calculation is based on feasible reductions of train travel times and increased train frequencies for part of the rail network. In this scenario, Amsterdam–London accounts for more than three-quarters of the predicted substitution. In a “maximum” scenario, substitution could increase up to 3.7 million air journeys per year, provided that inconveniences for passengers when transferring at airports from plane to train are resolved and train ticket fares are reduced by 20%. These two scenarios imply a reduction of 2.5 to 5% of all flights to/from Amsterdam Airport in 2030.

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