Food-borne Campylobacter outbreak in Liverpool associated with cross-contamination from chicken liver parfait: Implications for investigation of similar outbreaks

Public Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (8) ◽  
pp. 657-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Farmer ◽  
A. Keenan ◽  
R. Vivancos
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals Cross-contamination by cooked-meat slicing machines and cleaning cloths

1969 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Central Public Health ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Cooked Meat ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci ◽  
Cooked Meats

SUMMARYIn view of recent food-borne outbreaks of salmonella infection in which cooked-meat slicing machines have been implicated in the spread of organisms from contaminated meat products to other meats, experiments have been made to provide laboratory evidence that a contaminated slicing machine will easily cross-contaminate other products passing through it. Chopped pork inoculated with coagulase-positive staphylococci was cut on a slicing machine; staphylococci were isolated up to the 41st slice of various cooked meats cut on the same machine. The experiments were repeated withSalmonella oranienburg; this serotype was isolated up to the 31st slice of various cooked meats cut on the same machine, and from pieces of damp cloth wiped over the gravity feed, knife centre disk and cutting blade.The importance of efficient and regular cleaning of slicing machines with hot water containing detergent/disinfectant, or detergent followed by disinfectant, applied with clean cloths or preferably disposable paper, is stressed.I thank Dr Betty C. Hobbs, Director of the Food Hygiene Laboratory, and Dr J. C. Kelsey, Administrative Director of the Central Public Health Laboratory, for their help throughout the work and the compilation of the paper.

scholarly journals Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella isolates from pigs at slaughter in Kenya

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon M. Kikuvi ◽  
Jackson N. Ombui ◽  
Eric S. Mitema
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Safety Hazard ◽  
Ampicillin Resistance ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
Food Safety Risk

Background: Salmonellosis is considered one of the most widespread food-borne zoonoses in industrialized as well as developing countries. The presence of Salmonella in food animals at slaughter and the consequent cross-contamination of edible carcass tissues present a significant food safety hazard. Methodology: Samples were collected from randomly selected pigs at the Ndumbuini abattoir in Nairobi. Isolates were confirmed to be Salmonella by biochemical tests and characterised by serotyping, phage typing and plasmid analysis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of eight antimicrobials were determined and the resistant isolates were screened for resistance genes by PCR. Results: Sixteen (13.8%) of 116 samples were positive for Salmonella. Three Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars, namely Saintpaul, Braenderup, and Heidelberg were identified, S. Saintpaul being predominant. Antimicrobial resistance was found in 35.7% of the isolates. The S. Heidelberg isolates were susceptible to all the antimicrobials tested. Multidrug resistance was found in 7.1% of the Salmonella isolates. Plasmids were only detected in S. Heidelberg. Ampicillin resistance was based on expression of a blaTEM gene, while chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and tetracycline resistances were encoded by the genes catA1, strA, and tet(A), respectively. Conclusions: Pigs may serve as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella and slaughterhouse cross-contamination of pork may be a food safety risk.

scholarly journals Distribution of the Emetic Toxin Cereulide in Cow Milk

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Veronika Walser ◽  
Markus Kranzler ◽  
Corinna Dawid ◽  
Monika Ehling-Schulz ◽  
Timo D. Stark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Hydrophobic Lipid

Bacillus cereus is frequently associated with food-borne intoxications, and its emetic toxin cereulide causes emesis and nausea after consumption of contaminated foods. The major source for contamination is found within contaminated raw materials containing the highly chemically resistant cereulide, independent of vegetative bacteria cells. Up to date, non-existing removal strategies for cereulide evoke the question of how the toxin is distributed within a food sample, especially cow milk. Milk samples with different milk fat contents were incubated with purified cereulide, separated by centrifugation into a lipid and an aqueous phase, and cereulide was quantified in both fractions by SIDA-LC-MS/MS. By artificially increasing the milk fat content from 0.5% to 50%, the amount of cereulide recovered in the lipid phase and could be augmented from 13.3 to 78.6%. Further, the ratio of cereulide increased in the lipid phase of milk with additional plant-based lipid (sunflower oil) to 47.8%. This demonstrated a clear affinity of cereulide towards the hydrophobic, lipid phase, aligning with cereulide’s naturally strong hydrophobic properties. Therefore, an intensified cereulide analysis of lipid enriched dairy products to prevent severe cereulide intoxications or cross-contamination in processed foods is suggested.

Food-borne outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes in school students in Seoul, Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hee Han ◽  
Sang-Hun Park ◽  
Sung-Sun Choi ◽  
Young-Hee Jin ◽  
Hee-Soon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Genes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
School Students ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Laboratory Surveillance ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Crab Meat ◽  
Bean Sprouts ◽  
Epidemiological Association

In September 2018, an outbreak of Listeriosis cases in Korea was traced to food involved, using retrospective cohort studies and PFGE analyses. This study aimed to describe the first L.monocytogenes outbreak identified in Korea. We confirmed the presence of Serovar (4C) and virulence genes, and evaluated the genetic correlation between isolates by restriction digestion patterns of ApaI and AscI. Based on the epidemiological association, it is presumed that the seasoned crab meat with bean sprouts are contaminated by cross contamination during the bean sprouts washing (relative risk was 1.24; p-value: 0.0021 and they possessed virulence genes. Therefore, active laboratory surveillance is necessary to recognize the risk of L. monocytogenes in Korea.

An outbreak of food-borne Campylobacter jejuni infection and the possible role of cross-contamination

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brown ◽  
D. Kidd ◽  
T. Riordan ◽  
R.A. Barrell
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals Microbiological Safety Levels of South Sudanese Bank Notes in Circulation at University of Juba Food Restaurants

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Amegovu K. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
The South ◽  
South Sudanese ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Food Borne Illness ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Bank Notes

Food borne infections arise from either a host of bacteria, viruses and parasites originating in food or pathogens introduced through cross contamination. This study assessed the potential microbiological cross contamination risk posed by South Sudanese Pounds in circulation at University of Juba food restaurants by examining the level of microorganisms on banknotes. Bacterial contamination on the South Sudanese Pounds in circulation at University of Juba were determined using currencies collected from five different food serving points coded A,B,C, D and E respectively. From each food serving points, five samples of banknotes 5, 10and 25 South Sudanese Pounds denominations were randomly selected and their surface bacterial content enumerated. High and varying proportions of Total Coli forms (TC), Escherichia coli (<em>E. Coli</em>) and Staphylococcus aureus (<em>S. aureus</em>) were detected. Findings revealed a significant correlation between microbial levels and the denominations of the bank notes, with the smallest having the highest levels of microorganisms per square centimeter. However, there was no specific pattern in contamination levels between banknotes obtained from the different food points. Another factor that influenced the level of contamination was period the banknotes took in circulation with the older notes having higher levels of microorganisms. High levels of microorganisms on banknotes coupled with unhygienic food handling practices predisposes consumers to health risks. Strategies to reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens from the South Sudanese Pounds with specific emphasis on awareness programs and improvement in food hygiene &amp; handling practices through physical contact between food and money in restaurants at University of Juba were mentioned in order to reduce risk of food borne illness or otherwise potentially lethal outbreak of food borne diseases.

scholarly journals Level of Campylobacter jejuni from naturally contaminated chicken liver and chicken legs in various task: a cross contamination study

Food Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Y. New ◽  
C.Y. Wong ◽  
Usha M. ◽  
Ubong A. ◽  
Y. Nakaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Chicken Legs

Effects of Mg2+ on Chromatic Structure in Isolated Chicken Liver Nuclei

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
Soichiro Arai ◽  
Yuh H. Nakanishi
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Razor Blade ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Liver Nuclei

Although many electron microscopic studies on extracted chromatin have provided considerable information on chromatin condensation induced by divalent cations, there is only a little literature available on the effects of divalent cations on chromatin structure in intact nuclei. In the present study, the effects of Mg2+ on chromatin structure in isolated chicken liver nuclei were examined over a wide concentration range of Mg2+ by scanning electron microscopy.Nuclei were prepared from chicken liver by the method of Chauveau et al. with some modifications. The nuclei were suspended in 25 mM triethanolamine chloride buffer (pH7.4) with 1 mM EDTA or in the buffer with concentrations of MgCl2 varying from 1 to 50 mM. After incubation for 1 min at 0°C, glutaraldehyde was added to 1.8% and the nuclei were fixed for 1 h at 4°C. The fixed nuclei were mixed with 15% gelatin solution warmed at about 40°C, and kept at room temperature until the mixture set. The gelatin containing the nuclei was fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde for 2-4 h, and cut into small blocks. The gelatin blocks were conductive-stained with 2% tannic acid and 2% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol, and freeze-cracked with a razor blade in liquid nitrogen.

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