scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of a Diesel Engine Based on an Integrated Hybrid Inventory Analysis Model

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 496-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuhong Jiang ◽  
Zhichao Liu ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Hongchao Zhang ◽  
Asif Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Inventory Analysis

scholarly journals Assessment of Environmental Impact of the Gayo Arabica Coffee Production by Wet Process using Life Cycle Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Ikhsan Diyarma ◽  
Tajuddin Bantacut ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Global Warming Impact ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Goal And Scope

Abstract Increasement of demand for gayo arabica coffee has influenced the coffee industry, either in increasing the coffee production and also in increasing the usage of coffee machinery and equipment significantly. However, combustion of oil fuels result the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) which increase the effect of greenhouse gases from the coffee production process. This study aimed to analyze the direct impact of gayo coffee production towards environment using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, including several stages such as (1) the goal and scope definition, (2) the inventory analysis, (3) the impact assessment, and (4) the interpretation. Results of this study showed that the energy needed to process 1000 kg of coffee was 7.67 MJ, while the produced liquid waste was 5 953.2 kg. The value of the global warming impact on the coffee life cycle was 56 807 165.63 CO2eq.

scholarly journals Analysing Temporal Variability in Inventory Data for Life Cycle Assessment: Implications in the Context of Circular Economy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayyed Shoaib-ul-Hasan ◽  
Malvina Roci ◽  
Farazee Mohammad Abdullah Asif ◽  
Niloufar Salehi ◽  
Amir Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Supply Chain Design ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Inventory Analysis

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used frequently as a decision support tool for evaluating different design choices of products based on their environmental impacts. A life cycle usually comprises several phases of varying timespan. The amount of emissions generated from different life cycle phases of a product could be significantly different from one another. In conventional LCA, the emissions generated from the life cycle phases of a product are aggregated at the inventory analysis stage, which is then used as an input for life cycle impact assessment. However, when the emissions are aggregated, the temporal variability of inventory data is ignored, which may result in inaccurate environmental impact assessment. Besides, the conventional LCA does not consider the environmental impact of circular products with multiple use cycles. It poses difficulties in identifying the hotspots of emission-intensive activities with the potential to mislead conclusions and implications for both practice and policy. To address this issue and to analyse the embedded temporal variations in inventory data in a CE context, the paper proposes to calculate the emission intensity for each life cycle phase. It is argued that calculating and comparing emission intensity, based on the timespan and amount of emissions for individual life cycle phases, at the inventory analysis stage of LCA offers a complementary approach to the traditional aggregate emission-based LCA approach. In a circular scenario, it helps to identify significant issues during different life cycle phases and the relevant environmental performance improvement opportunities through product, business model and supply chain design.

scholarly journals Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Battery- And Diesel Engine-Driven Ro-Ro Passenger Vessel

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-357
Author(s):  
Maja Perčić ◽  
Ivica Ančić ◽  
Nikola Vladimir ◽  
Lidija Runko Luttenberger
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Power System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Passenger Vessel ◽  
System Designs

Emissions produced by the fuel combustion in marine engines are one of major causes of the marine environment pollution and have negative impact on both human health and the environment. That impact is more pronounced for vessels which mostly operate near ports and inhabited areas, such as ro-ro passenger ships. In order to evaluate the environmental impact of a ship, a life cycle assessment of a ro-ro passenger vessel operating in the Adriatic Sea has been performed. Two different power system designs were investigated, i.e. lithium-ion battery-driven vessel and diesel engine-driven vessel. The analyses were performed by means of general LCA software GREET 2018, where the life cycle for both power system designs is divided in two stages: constitutive parts of the first stage are processes from life cycle of fuel without its use in vessel, while vessel operation represents the second stage. The analysis showed that diesel engine-driven vessel emits 79.740 kg CO2-eq/nm, versus battery-driven vessel with 27.471 kg CO2-eq/nm.

scholarly journals Análisis del ciclo de vida como herramienta para la evaluación del comportamiento ambiental de un proceso. Caso de estudio central eléctrica de fuel oil 110 kv en la provincia de Granma - Cuba

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilberto Llanes Cedeño
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Iso 14040

Los procesos de generación de electricidad a partir de combustibles fósiles son fuentes de contaminación ambiental, siendo una preocupación actual de los países en desarrollo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el impacto ambiental de la generación distribuida de electricidad en una central de 110 kV por medio del Análisis del Ciclo de Vida para la determinación de mejoras en el proceso. El Análisis del Ciclo de Vida (ACV) se realiza de acuerdo con los requisitos establecidos en la NC ISO 14040: 2009, utilizando el Eco-indicador 99 del software Sima Pro 7.1. Los impactos ambientales se evalúan a partir de un análisis de inventario en cada una de las etapas del proceso, contabilizando las entradas y salidas de materias primas, energía y emisiones al aire, agua y suelo, para lo cual se realiza un diagrama de flujo del proceso. A partir del análisis de los flujos, se determinó que los parámetros condenatorios en el caso de los efluentes, sólo se cumple para el pH y la conductividad eléctrica, en el caso de las emisiones al aire se viola con el NO2 y SO2. Los resultados muestran que la etapa de mayor contribución se concentra en el área de generación y los productos más agresivos al ambiente son el consumo de fuel oil (80 % para la salud humana, 53 % para el ecosistema y para los recursos naturales 95 %) y el producto residual de la limpieza de los materiales de explotación (en el caso del ecosistema 35 %). Abstract The electricity generation process from fossil fuels its source of environmental pollution, being a current concern at developing countries. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the environmental impact of the distributed electricity generation in an 110 kV oil fuel power station using the Life Cycle Assessment method to determinate improvements in the process. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was perform according to the requirements established in the NC ISO 14040: 2009, using Eco-indicator 99 with software Sima Pro 7.1. The environmental impacts were evaluate starting from an inventory analysis in each stage of the process, accounting the inputs and outputs of raw materials, energy and emissions to the air, water and soil; a flow diagram of the process was generated for the assessment.  From the analysis of the flows, it was determined that the condemnatory parameters in the case of effluents, is only met for the pH and electrical conductivity, in the case of air emissions is violated with on the NO2 and SO2. The results, show that the stage with the greatest contribution is concentrated in the generation area, and the most aggressive products to the environment are the consumption of fuel oil (human health 80 %, ecosystem 53 % and natural resources 95 %) and the residual product of the cleaning of the exploitation materials (35 % in the case of the ecosystem).  

Value Chain Analysis of Palm Oil Biodiesel through a Hybrid (ISO-Eco) Life Cycle Assessment Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosef Manik
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Palm Oil Biodiesel

<p class="TTPParagraph1st">This study assesses the life-cycle impacts of palm oil biodiesel value chain in order to provide insights toward holistic sustainability awareness on the current development of bio-based energy policy. The assessment methodology was performed under a hybrid approach combining ISO-14040 Life Cycle Assessment (ISO-LCA) technique and Ecologically-based Life Cycle Assessment (Eco-LCA) methodology. The scope of this study covers all stages in palm oil biodiesel value chain or is often referred to as “cradle-to-grave” analysis. The functional unit to which all inputs and outputs were calculated is the production of 1 ton of biodiesel. For the analysis, life cycle inventory data were collected from professional databases and from scholarly articles addressing global palm oil supply chains. The inventory analysis yields a linked flow associating the land used, fresh fruit bunch (FFB), crude palm oil (CPO), per functional unit of 1 kg of palm oil biodiesel (POB). The linked flow obtained in the inventory analysis were then normalized and characterized following the characterization model formulated inISO-LCA guidelines. The aggregation of ecological inputs was classified based on the mass and energy associated to each unit process in the value chain, which are cultivation, extraction, conversion, and utilization. It is noted that compared to other unit processes, cultivation is the most crucial unit process within the whole palm oil biodiesel value chain. This study serves as a big picture about the current state of palm oil biodiesel value chain, which will be beneficial for further improving oversight of the policy making and service toward sustainable development.</p><p class="TTPKeywords"><strong><span> </span></strong></p>

Diesel Engine Block Remanufacturing: Life Cycle Assessment

2014 ◽  
pp. 3313-3341
Author(s):  
Hong-chao Zhang ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Zhichao Liu ◽  
Qiuhong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Engine Block

scholarly journals Analyzing Temporal Variability in Inventory Data for Life Cycle Assessment: Implications in the Context of Circular Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Sayyed Shoaib-ul-Hasan ◽  
Malvina Roci ◽  
Farazee M. A. Asif ◽  
Niloufar Salehi ◽  
Amir Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Supply Chain Design ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Inventory Analysis

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used frequently as a decision support tool for evaluating different design choices for products based on their environmental impacts. A life cycle usually comprises several phases of varying timespans. The amount of emissions generated from different life cycle phases of a product could be significantly different from one another. In conventional LCA, the emissions generated from the life cycle phases of a product are aggregated at the inventory analysis stage, which is then used as an input for life cycle impact assessment. However, when the emissions are aggregated, the temporal variability of inventory data is ignored, which may result in inaccurate environmental impact assessment. Besides, the conventional LCA does not consider the environmental impact of circular products with multiple use cycles. It poses difficulties in identifying the hotspots of emission-intensive activities with the potential to mislead conclusions and implications for both practice and policy. To address this issue and to analyze the embedded temporal variations in inventory data in a CE context, the paper proposes calculating the emission intensity for each life cycle phase. It is argued that calculating and comparing emission intensity, based on the timespan and amount of emissions for individual life cycle phases, at the inventory analysis stage of LCA offers a complementary approach to the traditional aggregate emission-based LCA approach. In a circular scenario, it helps to identify significant issues during different life cycle phases and the relevant environmental performance improvement opportunities through product, business model, and supply chain design.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of Polyamide Printed Interconnections for ECG Monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Qiansu Wan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Inkjet Printing Technology

This paper presents quantitative environment impact evaluation and assessment of inkjet printed flexible cable on soft substrates for Electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring. The studied printed ECG cable is fabricated by inkjet printing of nanoparticles wire on paper substrate which enables wireless transmission of ECG signals between bio-electric electrodes and central medical device. In order to facilitate the inventory analysis, the environmental impacts evaluation of inkjet printing technology has been carried out by comparing with traditional ECG cables. With the life cycle inventory modelling by using GaBi software, the life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to qualify the input and output of raw material resources, energy resources used in manufacturing phases and the impacts to environment. 

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