Cumulative effect of successive nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges on the ignition of lean mixtures

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 5553-5560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lovascio ◽  
Jun Hayashi ◽  
Sergey Stepanyan ◽  
Gabi D. Stancu ◽  
Christophe O. Laux
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Pulsed Discharges ◽  
Lean Mixtures

Pulsed discharges produced by surface waves

1998 ◽  
Vol 08 (PR7) ◽  
pp. Pr7-317-Pr7-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Ivanov ◽  
A. M. Gorbachev ◽  
V. A. Koldanov ◽  
A. L. Kolisko ◽  
A. L. Vikharev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Pulsed Discharges

Multilocus Analysis of Genetic Susceptibility to Myocardial Infarction in Russians: Replication Study

Acta Naturae ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
N. G. Kukava ◽  
B. V. Titov ◽  
G. J. Osmak ◽  
N. A. Matveeva ◽  
O. G. Kulakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
Replication Study ◽  
Epistatic Interactions ◽  
Multilocus Analysis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Genes

In search of genetic markers of myocardial infarction (MI) risk, which have prognostic significance for Russians, we performed a replication study of MI association with genetic variants of PCSK9 (rs562556), APOE (epsilon polymorphism, rs7412 and rs429358), LPL (rs320), MTHFR (rs1801133), eNOS (rs2070744), and the 9p21 region (rs1333049) in 405 patients with MI and 198 controls. Significant MI association was observed with variants of the lipid metabolism genes (PCSK9, APOE and LPL), and of eNOS. The SNPs in the MTHFR gene and the 9p21 region were not significantly associated with MI one by one but were included in several different MI-associated allelic combinations identified by multilocus analysis. Since we have not revealed nonlinear epistatic interactions between the components of the identified combinations, we postulate that the cumulative effect of genes that form a combination arises from the summation of their small independent contributions. The prognostic significance of the additive composite model built from the PCSK9, APOE, LPL, and eNOS genes as genetic markers was assessed using ROC analysis. After we included these markers in the previously published composite model of individual genetic risk of MI, the prognostic efficacy in our sample reached AUC = 0.676. However, the results obtained in this study certainly need to be replicated in an independent sample of Russians.

Fertiliser evenness - losses and costs: A study on the economic benefits of uniform applications of fertiliser

1999 ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Horrell ◽  
A.K. Metherell ◽  
S. Ford ◽  
C. Doscher
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Spread Pattern ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Seed Crops

Over two million tonnes of fertiliser are applied to New Zealand pastures and crops annually and there is an increasing desire by farmers to ensure that the best possible economic return is gained from this investment. Spreading distribution measurements undertaken by Lincoln Ventures Ltd (LVL) have identified large variations in the evenness of fertiliser application by spreading machines which could lead to a failure to achieve optimum potential in some crop yields and to significant associated economic losses. To quantify these losses, a study was undertaken to calculate the effect of uneven fertiliser application on crop yield. From LVL's spreader database, spread patterns from many machines were categorised by spread pattern type and by coefficient of variation (CV). These patterns were then used to calculate yield losses when they were combined with the response data from five representative cropping and pastoral situations. Nitrogen fertiliser on ryegrass seed crops shows significant production losses at a spread pattern CV between 30% and 40%. For P and S on pasture, the cumulative effect of uneven spreading accrues, until there is significant economic loss occurring by year 3 for both the Waikato dairy and Southland sheep and beef systems at CV values between 30% and 40%. For nitrogen on pasture, significant loss in a dairy system occurs at a CV of approximately 40% whereas for a sheep and beef system it is at a CV of 50%, where the financial return from nitrogen application has been calculated at the average gross revenue of the farming system. The conclusion of this study is that the current Spreadmark standards are a satisfactory basis for defining the evenness requirements of fertiliser applications in most circumstances. On the basis of Spreadmark testing to date, more than 50% of the national commercial spreading fleet fails to meet the standard for nitrogenous fertilisers and 40% fails to meet the standard for phosphatic fertilisers.Keywords: aerial spreading, crop response, economic loss, fertiliser, ground spreading, striping, uneven application, uneven spreading, yield loss

Cumulative effect of glucose regulation in Calbindin-D9k knockout mice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui-Bae Jeung ◽  
Changhwan Ahn ◽  
Bo Hui Jeon ◽  
Seon Young Park ◽  
Duc Viet Ly
Keyword(s):  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Calbindin D9k ◽  
Effect Of Glucose

Multiple Oral Insulin (ORMD-0801) Doses Elicit a Cumulative Effect on Glucose Control in T2DM Patients

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 982-P ◽  
Author(s):  
ROY ELDOR ◽  
JOEL NEUTEL ◽  
KENNETH E. HOMER ◽  
MIRIAM KIDRON
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Control ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Oral Insulin

Modeling the co-evolution of economic institutions and the economy of resource producing regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
Vadim F. Islamutdinov ◽  
Sergey P. Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Volterra Equations ◽  
Economic Institutions ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Disincentive Effect ◽  
Good Institution

The purpose of the study is to develop a model for the co-evolution of the regional economy and economic institutions. The research methods used: abstract-logical for the study of theoretical aspects and the experience of modeling co-evolution; and economic-mathematical for the development of own model of coevolution. The results of the study: approaches to modeling the evolution of economic institutions, as well as the co-evolution of the regional economy and economic institutions are considered, strengths and weaknesses of existing approaches to modeling co-evolution are identified, on the basis of the logistic model and Lotka-Volterra equations, an own co-evolution model has been developed, which includes three entities: regional economy, “good” institution and “bad” institution. Three versions of the model have been developed: the co-evolution of the regional economy and the “good” institution, the co-evolution of the regional economy and the “bad institution,” and a variant of the co-evolution of all three entities simultaneously, in which the “good” and “bad” institutions interact according to the “predator-prey” model, and their the cumulative effect determines the development of the regional economy. Numerical experiments have been carried out in the MathLab, which have shown the capabilities of the model to reflect the results of the co-evolution of the economy of a resource-producing region and economic institutions. In the first variant, a “good” institution promotes economic growth in excess of the level determined by resource availability. In the second variant, the “bad” institution has a disincentive effect on the GRP, as a result of which the GRP falls below the level determined by the resource endowment. In the third variant, the interaction of “good” and “bad” institutions still contributes to economic growth above the level determined by resource availability, but causes cyclical fluctuations in the GRP.

Environmental elements for revitalization of entomophages in theforest plantations of the arid zone

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
И.Р. Грибуст
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Vertical Gradient ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Biotic Potential ◽  
Estimation Of Distribution

Введение. Лесомелиоративное обустройство территорий малолесных регионов коренным образом преобразует ранее пустынные пространства. Позитивные изменения влажностнотеплового, почвенного, гидрологического режимов, обогащение аборигенной дендрофлоры новыми видами влечет за собой также и трансформацию животного мира, в том числе населения насекомых. Энтомосообщества формируются за счет представителей степной группы, обитателей естественных ценозов, а также группы лесных насекомых, в числе которых виды, являющиеся опасными вредителями и их энтомофаги. Цель работы анализ изменения разнообразия насекомыхэнтомофагов в насаждениях засушливой зоны различных параметров и состояния. Объекты исследований насекомыеэнтомофаги, обитающие в энтомокомплексах защитных насаждениях различного дендрологического состава ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН на территории Волгоградской области (кадастр. 34:34:000000:122 34:08:000000:6). Материалы и методика. Сбор материала проводили в насаждениях различного хозяйственного значения. Объектами исследования являлись полезные насекомые. Отбор проб проводили посредством окашивания крон энтомологическим сачком, визуальным осмотром модельных ветвей и ручным сбором хищников и паразитированных видов филлофагов с последующим выведением имаго в лабораторных условиях. Результаты и обсуждение. В сообществе полезных насекомых защитных лесных насаждений сухостепной зоны зафиксирован 221 вид энтомофагов, относящихся к 7 отрядам и 32 семействам. Различия экологических условий, ассортимент древесных растений в каждой из посадок, характер и интенсивность негативного внешнего влияния определяют особенности фаунистического населения, в т. ч. энтомофагов. Оценка распределения количественного обилия паразитов и хищников показала, что в лесных полосах хищников в среднем в три раза больше паразитических насекомых. Отчетливо прослеживаются вариации изменения разнообразия энтомофагов в насаждениях разного класса жизнеспособности. Конструктивные особенности, флористическая обедненность и сформировавшийся микроклимат существенно ограничивает жизнедеятельность энтомофагов в малорядных (23 ряда) насаждениях, численность которых здесь снижается в среднем в 2,5 раза по сравнению с многорядными посадками. В вертикальном градиенте посадок по мощности накопления биотического потенциала полезных насекомых выделяется травянистый ярус, наличие которого в лесополосе обусловливает увеличение числа особей энтомофагов в сообществе в 1,32,7 раза. Наименьшую роль в накоплении полезной группы насекомых играет наличие развитого подлеска. Заключение. Наличие в насаждениях энтомофильных древесных растений и развитого травостоя важнейшие экологические факторы для накопления биотического потенциала энтомофагов. Максимальный эффект обеспечивает совокупное влияние определяющих экологоструктурных элементов в многорядных посадках. Introduction. Forest reclamation area developmentpoor regions is radically transforms the previously desolate space. Positive changes in moistureheat, soil, hydrological regimes, enrichment of native dendroflora with new species also entails the transformation of the animal world, including the insect population. Entomologiste formed by the representatives of the steppe group of the inhabitants of the natural coenoses, and the group of forest insects, including species that are dangerous pests and their entomophages. The purpose of the analysis of changes in the diversity of insect entomophages in the plantations of the arid zone of different parameters and conditions. The objects of research insectsentomophages living in entomocomplexes protective plantation of different dendrological composition of the Federal scientific center for Agroecology wounds on the territory of the Volgograd region (the cadaster number is 34:34:000000:122 34:08:000000:6). Materials and methods. Collection of material was carried out in plantations of various economic importance. The objects of study were useful insects. Samples were collected by hilling crowns entomological net, by visual inspection of the model branches and handcollection of predators and parasitism species of phyllophagous with subsequent excretion of adults in the laboratory. Results and discussion. 221 species of entomophages belonging to 7 groups and 32 families were recorded in the community of useful insects of protective forest plantations of the dry steppe zone. Differences in environmental conditions, the range of woody plants in each of the plantings, the nature and intensity of the negative external influence determine the characteristics of the faunal population, including entomophages The estimation of distribution of quantitative abundance of parasites and predators showed that in forest bands of predators on average three times more parasitic insects. Variations in the diversity of entomophages in plantings of different classes of viability are clearly observed. Design features, floristic depletion and formed microclimate significantly limits the life activity of entomophages in smallrow (23 rows) plantations, the number of which is reduced by an average of 2.5 times compared to multirow planting. In the vertical gradient of plantings on the power of accumulation of biotic potential of useful insects, a grassy tier is allocated, the presence of which in the forest belt causes an increase in the number of entomophages in the community by 1.32.7 times. The least role in the accumulation of a useful group of insects is played by the presence of developed undergrowth. Conclusion. The presence of entomophilic woody plants and developed herbage in the plantations are the most important environmental factors for the accumulation of the entomophage biotic potential. The maximum effect provides a cumulative effect of determining ecological and structural elements in multirow landings.

Implementasi Probability Impact Matriks (PIM) Untuk Mengidentifikasi Kemungkinan dan Dampak Risiko Proyek

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Sufa'atin Sufa'atin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Project Risk ◽  
Project Construction ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
The Impact

One of the obstacles in project construction is that the project is experiencing delays. The delay is influenced by several factors including the absence of risk recording, the unavoidability of the opportunities and the impact of risks that arise in the project and its handling, and the neglected risks that may disrupt the project. Project risk is the cumulative effect of an uncertain event opportunity, which affects the project objectives. Several methods can be used to handle the occurrence of project risk, one of the methods used to perform a risk assessment is the Probability Impact Matrix (PIM). PIM is a method that can be used to analyze risk qualitatively based on probability and its impact. By using the PIM method, some of the opportunities and impacts of risks that may arise in the project can be identified. In addition, the PIM method can minimize the risks that arise in the project and quickly resolve the risks. Index Terms— Project, Risk, PIM, Possibility, Impact

EXPLORING THE INTERNAL STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE ORGANIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Venelin Terziev ◽  
Marin Georgiev
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Professional Culture ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this article is the genesis of the professional culture of personnel management. The last decades of the 20th century were marked by various revolutions - scientific, technical, democratic, informational, sexual, etc. Their cumulative effect has been mostly reflected in the professional revolution that shapes the professional society around the world. This social revolution has global consequences. In addition to its extensive parameters, it also has intensive ones related to the deeply-rooted structural changes in the ways of working and thinking, as well as in the forms of its social organization. The professional revolutions in the history of Modern Times stem from this theory.Employees’ awareness and accountability shall be strengthened. The leader must be able to formulate and bring closer to the employees the vision of the organization and its future goal, to which all shall aspire. He should pay attention not to the "letter" but to the "spirit" of this approach.

Sequence Polymorphism and Cumulative Effect with6-SFT-A2of Fructan Biosynthesis Gene6-SFT-Din Wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Qin YUE ◽  
Ang LI ◽  
Xin-Guo MAO ◽  
Xiao-Ping CHANG ◽  
Yu-Ping LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Sequence Polymorphism
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