Structure and function of contemporary food webs on Arctic shelves: A panarctic comparison

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 288-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Hirche ◽  
K.N. Kosobokova ◽  
B. Gaye-Haake ◽  
I. Harms ◽  
B. Meon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Direct observation of the setular web that fuses thoracopodal setae of a calanoid copepod into a collapsible fan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
George von Dassow ◽  
Richard B. Emlet
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
And Function ◽  
Oceanic Carbon

SummaryCopepods are numerically dominant planktonic grazers throughout the waters of Earth, preyed upon in turn by a wide diversity of pelagic animals (1,2). Their feeding and swimming performance thus has global importance to aquatic food webs and oceanic carbon flux. These crustaceans swim and feed using cuticle-covered, segmented, muscular appendages whose reach is extended greatly by setae, extracellular chitinous extensions with diverse structure and function (3). Plumose setae, with subsidiary setules arranged like barbs on a feather, have well-documented roles in generating feeding and swimming currents (4,5). Recent work showed that plumose setae of barnacle cyprid thoracopods are permanently linked by setules into a single fan that opens and closes as one sheet during high-speed swimming (6). Intersetular linkage across cyprid thoracopods may greatly decrease leakage between extended setae, ensure even spread of setae within the fan, and promote ordered collapse of the fan to avoid entanglement of adjacent appendages. Here we demonstrate similar setular webbing amongst thoracopod setae in the calanoid copepod Acartia sp. High-speed video directly documents the existence of such links, and reveals that individuals experience apparently-irreparable degradation of the setal array due to de-linkage, with likely consequences for swimming performance.

The influence of seabird nutrient enrichment and grazing on the structure and function of island soil food webs

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Wright ◽  
René van der Wal ◽  
Sarah Wanless ◽  
Richard D. Bardgett
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Soil Food Webs ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Soil and Freshwater and Marine Sediment Food Webs: Their Structure and Function

BioScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Adams Krumins ◽  
Dick van Oevelen ◽  
T. Martijn Bezemer ◽  
Gerlinde B. De Deyn ◽  
W. H. Gera Hol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Biogeochemical decoupling: how, where and when?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Alvarez-Cobelas ◽  
Salvador Sánchez-Carrillo ◽  
Carmen Rojo
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Chemical Element ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
The Other ◽  
And Function

Research has dealt with coupling of chemical element cycles and feedback in recent years. Sometimes, this biogeochemical coupling is reversed through abiotic or biotic (including man-made) processes. It is then called biogeochemical decoupling and is a disconnection between two chemical elements whereby transformations of one affect cycling of the other, and results in asynchronical behavior of chemical elements. It appears to be more important and widespread than earlier reports suggest, and gives rise to important changes in element stoichiometry of resources. These changes in turn modify organismal stoichiometry that, if great enough, can affect biodiversity and food webs, thus altering community structure and function. Biogeochemical decoupling then impinges on ecosystem dynamics and may impair ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Biogeochemical decoupling: how, where and when?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Alvarez-Cobelas ◽  
Salvador Sánchez-Carrillo ◽  
Carmen Rojo
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Chemical Element ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
The Other ◽  
And Function

Research has dealt with coupling of chemical element cycles and feedback in recent years. Sometimes, this biogeochemical coupling is reversed through abiotic or biotic (including man-made) processes. It is then called biogeochemical decoupling and is a disconnection between two chemical elements whereby transformations of one affect cycling of the other, and results in asynchronical behavior of chemical elements. It appears to be more important and widespread than earlier reports suggest, and gives rise to important changes in element stoichiometry of resources. These changes in turn modify organismal stoichiometry that, if great enough, can affect biodiversity and food webs, thus altering community structure and function. Biogeochemical decoupling then impinges on ecosystem dynamics and may impair ecosystem services.

Nitrogen deposition stimulates decomposition via changes in the structure and function of litter food webs

2021 ◽  
pp. 108522
Author(s):  
Rui Yin ◽  
Qun Liu ◽  
Shanyi Tian ◽  
Anton Potapov ◽  
Biao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Warming alters energetic structure and function but not resilience of soil food webs

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schwarz ◽  
Andrew D. Barnes ◽  
Madhav P. Thakur ◽  
Ulrich Brose ◽  
Marcel Ciobanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Soil Food Webs ◽  
And Function
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