scholarly journals Insights into smell and taste sensitivity in normal weight and overweight-obese adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 112897
Author(s):  
Rachel S. Herz ◽  
Eliza Van Reen ◽  
Caroline A. Gredvig-Ardito ◽  
Mary A. Carskadon
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Obese Adolescents

scholarly journals Bitter Taste Sensitivity Is Determined by TAS2R38 Haplotype, Associated with Saturated Fat Intake and Is Lower in Overweight and Obese Compared to Normal Weight UK adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1271-1271
Author(s):  
Leta Pilic ◽  
Catherine Anna-Marie Graham ◽  
Nisrin Hares ◽  
Megan Brown ◽  
Jonathan Kean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Fat Taste ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Objectives Taste perception (sensitivity) may be determined by genetic variations in taste receptors and it affects food intake. Lower fat taste sensitivity is associated with higher dietary fat intake and body mass index (BMI). Recently, associations between bitter and fat taste sensitivity have been reported whereby bitter taste perception may be involved in textural perception of dietary fat. However, it is not clear if lower sensitivity to bitter taste would lead to an actual higher fat intake. Our objectives were to explore the associations between haplotypes in the bitter taste receptor TAS2R38, bitter taste sensitivity and fat intake and if bitter taste sensitivity is lower in individuals with higher BMI. Methods Ethical approval was obtained from the St Mary's and Oxford Brookes University Ethics Committee. Eighty-eight healthy Caucasian participants (44% male and 56% female; mean BMI 24.9 ± 4.8 kg/m2 and mean age 35 ± 14 years) completed this cross-sectional study. Height and weight were measured and genotyping performed for rs713598, rs1726866, rs10246939 genetic variants in the TAS2R38. Haplotypes were determined with Haploview software. Participants rated the intensity of a phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) impregnated strip on the general Labelled Magnitude Scale (gLMS) to determine bitter taste sensitivity and were classified as bitter tasters and non-tasters. Dietary fat intake was calculated from the EPIC-Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire and expressed as % total energy intake. Results TAS2R38 haplotypes were associated with bitter taster status (P < 0.005). PTC ratings of intensity were negatively correlated with % saturated fat (SFA) intake (rs = −0.256, P = 0.016). %SFA and %total fat (rs = 0.656, P < 0.005) and %total fat and energy intake (kcal) (rs = 0.225, P = 0.035) were positively correlated. Normal weight participants rated PTC strips as more intense compared to overweight and obese participants (mean rank 53 vs. 41, P = 0.033). Conclusions Bitter taste perception is determined by genetics and lower sensitivity to this taste is associated with higher intake of SFA. Lower bitter taste sensitivity in overweight/obese participants suggests that impaired bitter taste may be associated with an overall unhealthier and more energy dense dietary pattern. Funding Sources St Mary's and Oxford Brookes University.

Taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil is associated with endocannabinoid plasma levels in normal-weight individuals

Nutrition ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iole Tomassini Barbarossa ◽  
Gianfranca Carta ◽  
Elisabetta Murru ◽  
Melania Melis ◽  
Andrea Zonza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Taste Sensitivity

Family Relations and Psychosocial Risk in Families with an Obese Adolescent

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni G. Valtolina ◽  
Elena Marta
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Weight Child

The aim of the present study is a comparison of family relations in families with an obese adolescent and families with a normal-weight adolescent. Particularly, we studied the parents' and children's perceptions of some crucial areas of their relationship, e.g., communication, support, and some factors of “psychosocial risk” for the adolescents. We compared 30 family triads each with an obese child and 30 family triads each with a normal-weight child. We used a questionnaire aimed to evaluate some crucial variables of family functioning such as communication, family climate, support and satisfaction. A multivariate analysis of variance yielded no difference between obese and nonobese adolescents concerning communication with their mothers and fathers and concerning support given and received from them. In particular, analysis indicated no difference between parents of obese adolescents and parents of normal-weight adolescents regarding openness and problems in communication. As a protective factor against psychosocial risk, in both the samples the relationship with the mother arises as relevant, but, for the nonobese adolescents, both support and communication with this parent were important, whereas for the obese adolescents only support seemed to be really important. The results are discussed with respect to this approach which considered the family as the unit of analysis both from a theoretical and a methodological point of view.

scholarly journals Obese Adolescents Are Less Active Than Their Normal-Weight Peers, but Wherein Lies the Difference?

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim S. Olds ◽  
Katia E. Ferrar ◽  
Natasha K. Schranz ◽  
Carol A. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
The Difference

scholarly journals Association of visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation with sleep disordered breathing in normal weight, never obese adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M. Danisi ◽  
Julio Fernandez-Mendoza ◽  
Alexandros N. Vgontzas ◽  
Susan L. Calhoun ◽  
Fan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Disordered Breathing
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