γ-Linolenic acid prevents conjugated linoleic Acid–Induced fatty liver in mice

Nutrition ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonori Nakanishi ◽  
Daichi Oikawa ◽  
Tomoyuki Koutoku ◽  
Hachidai Hirakawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid

Dietary Combination of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and Pine Nut Oil Prevents CLA-Induced Fatty Liver in Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (17) ◽  
pp. 8148-8158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Ferramosca ◽  
Viviana Savy ◽  
Laura Conte ◽  
Vincenzo Zara
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Pine Nut ◽  
Pine Nut Oil

Independent effects of dietary linoleic and linolenic fatty acids on the conjugated linoleic acid content of cows’ milk

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Lock ◽  
P.C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
Low Linolenic

AbstractIt may be desirable to increase the level of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk as a health benefit in human nutrition. The purpose of this work was to separate the effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on CLA production in dairy cows and to determine to what extent endogenous synthesis contributes to cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentration in milk fat. Eight lactating cows and four non-lactating duodenal fistulated cows were used in a 4 ✕ 4 Latin-square design. All cows received a basal diet of grass silage that was supplemented with one of four concentrates, which were designed to differ in their linoleic and linolenic acid contents. The oil components of the concentrates were produced from mixtures of olive, linseed, rape, soya and sunflower oils to produce the four treatments: low linoleic/ low linolenic acid (LL), low linoleic/high linolenic acid (LH), high linoleic/low linolenic acid (HL) and high linoleic/ high linolenic acid (HH). Milk cis-9, trans-11 CLA contents were 0·8, 0·9, 0·9 and 1·1 g/100 g fatty acid methyl esters (P < 0·05) and yields were 5, 7, 7 and 8 g/day (P < 0·05) for the LL, LH, HL and HH treatments, respectively. The yields of trans-C18:1 fatty acids in milk were 19, 22, 21 and 23 g/day (P < 0·05), respectively. Taking the data for the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content and flow of duodenal fluid from the fistulated cows and representing this in terms of dietary intake by the lactating animals, the amounts of cis-9, trans-11 CLA produced in the rumen were calculated to be 0·8, 0·9, 1·2 and 1·1 g/day (P < 0·05) and for trans-C18:1 fatty acids 58, 58, 66 and 69 g/day (P < 0·05). Increasing linoleic and/or linolenic acids in the diet can increase the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content of cows’ milk. Only diets high in linoleic acid increased cis-9, trans-11 CLA production in the rumen. On all four diets, more than 80% of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk was produced endogenously by Δ9-desaturase from trans-11 C18:1 in the mammary gland. Cows on the same diet have different milk fat cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentrations that may be partially explained by differences in Δ9-desaturase activity between cows. Increasing the activity of Δ9-desaturase in the mammary gland may offer greater potential for enhancing the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content of milk fat than increasing cis-9, trans-11 CLA production in the rumen.

scholarly journals Arachidonic acid prevents fatty liver induced by conjugated linoleic acid in mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Oikawa ◽  
Shoichiro Tsuyama ◽  
Yoriko Akimoto ◽  
Yurika Mizobe ◽  
Mitsuhiro Furuse
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid

scholarly journals Conjugated Linolenic Acid Is Slowly Absorbed in Rat Intestine, but Quickly Converted to Conjugated Linoleic Acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 136 (8) ◽  
pp. 2153-2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Tsuzuki ◽  
Yuki Kawakami ◽  
Renpei Abe ◽  
Kiyotaka Nakagawa ◽  
Kazunori Koba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
Conjugated Linolenic Acid

Effect of ewe feeding system (grass v. concentrate) on intramuscular fatty acids of lambs raised exclusively on maternal milk

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Valvo ◽  
M. Lanza ◽  
M. Bella ◽  
V. Fasone ◽  
M. Scerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Maternal Milk ◽  
Trans Vaccenic Acid

AbstractTwenty pregnant Comisana ewes were divided into two groups of 10. One group was allowed to graze a vetch pasture (grass). The second group of animals was housed collectively in a pen and was given hay and concentrates (concentrate). After lambing, all the ewes were allowed to stay with the respective lambs between 18:00 h and 07:00 h of the following day in two different pens. Therefore all the lambs were raised exclusively on maternal milk. The lambs were slaughtered at 38 days of age. Milk and lamb meat (longissimus dorsi muscle) fatty acids were analysed. Ewes on grass produced milk with a lower (P < 0·001) proportion of saturated fatty acids and with a higher proportion of both monounsaturated (P < 0·05) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0·01) than ewes given concentrates. Trans-vaccenic acid was significantly higher (P < 0·001) in milk from grass-fed animals compared with ewes given concentrates. Linoleic acid (C18: 2 n-6) tended to be higher (P = 0·06) in milk from ewes on concentrates while linolenic acid (C18: 3 n-3) was significantly higher (P < 0·001) in milk from animals grazing pasture. Conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11 C18: 2) was almost double in milk from grass-fed ewes compared with animals given concentrates (P < 0·001). Regarding lamb tissue, trans-vaccenic acid (C18: 1 trans-11) was higher (P = 0·01) in the fat from lambs raised by grazing ewes. Linoleic acid (C18: 2 n-6) was at higher concentration (P < 0·001) in the fat from lambs raised by ewes given concentrates. Linolenic acid (C18: 3 n-3) was increased three-fold (P < 0·001) in the fat of lambs from the grass group compared with lambs suckled by ewes given concentrates. The isomer cis-9, trans-11 of conjugated linoleic acid was present at double concentration (P < 0·001) in the fat from animals raised by grazing ewes. Eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5 n-3; EPA) and docosaesaenoic (C22: 6 n-3; DHA) acids were higher (respectively P < 0·001 and P = 0·01) in the intramuscular fat from lambs from the grass group compared with animals from the concentrate group. The n-6/n-3 ratio was lower (P < 0·001) in the meat from lambs raised by grazing ewes. Overall this trial showed that ewe feeding system strongly affects intramuscular fatty acids even in lambs raised exclusively on maternal milk.

scholarly journals Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Content of Milk from Cows Offered Diets Rich in Linoleic and Linolenic Acid

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1016-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. Dhiman ◽  
L.D. Satter ◽  
M.W. Pariza ◽  
M.P. Galli ◽  
K. Albright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid

scholarly journals Dietary trans 10, cis 12-conjugated linoleic acid reduces the expression of fatty acid oxidation and drug detoxification enzymes in mouse liver

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuven Rasooly ◽  
Darshan S. Kelley ◽  
Jeff Greg ◽  
Bruce E. Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Drug Detoxification ◽  
Hepatic Genes

Mice fed diets containing trans 10, cis 12 (t10, c12)-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) develop fatty livers and the role of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes in this development is not well defined. We examined the effects of dietary cis 9, trans 11-CLA (c9, t11-CLA) and t10, c12-CLA on the expression of hepatic genes for fatty acid metabolism. Female mice, 8 weeks old, (six animals per group) were fed either a control diet or diets supplemented with 0·5 % c9, t11- or t10, c12-CLA for 8 weeks. DNA microarray analysis showed that t10, c12-CLA increased the expression of 278 hepatic genes and decreased those of 121 genes (>2-fold); c9, t11-CLA increased expression of twenty-two genes and decreased those of nine. Real-time PCR confirmed that t10, c12-CLA reduced by the expression of fatty acid oxidation genes including flavin monooxygenase (FMO)-3 95 %, cytochrome P450 (cyt P450) 69 %, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a 77 %, acetyl CoA oxidase (ACOX) 50 % and PPARα 65 %; it increased the expression of fatty acid synthase by 3·5-fold (P < 0·05 for all genes, except ACOX P = 0·08). It also reduced the enzymatic activity of hepatic microsomal FMO by 40 % and the FMO3 specific protein by 67 %. c9, t11-CLA reduced FMO3 and cyt P450 expression by 61 % (P = 0·001) and 38 % (P = 0·06) and increased steoryl CoA desaturase transcription by 5·9-fold (P = 0·07). Both decreased fatty acid oxidation and increased fatty acid synthesis seem to contribute to the CLA-induced fatty liver. Since FMO and cyt P450 are also involved in drug detoxification, suppression of the transcription of these genes by CLA may have other health consequences besides development of fatty liver.

scholarly journals Incorporation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and α-linolenic acid (LNA) in pacu fillets

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deoclécio José Barilli ◽  
Mayara Santarosa ◽  
Ana Beatriz Zanqui ◽  
Wilson Rogério Boscolo ◽  
Aldi Feiden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid
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