Acute nateglinide administration in subjects with type 2 diabetes: effects on postprandial metabolism, coagulation, and fibrinolysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tentolouris ◽  
E. Boutati ◽  
N. Karambakalis ◽  
D. Perea ◽  
A.D. Tselepis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Postprandial Metabolism ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

scholarly journals Impact of metformin versus the prandial insulin secretagogue, repaglinide, on fasting and postprandial glucose and lipid responses in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren S Lund ◽  
Lise Tarnow ◽  
Merete Frandsen ◽  
Ulla M Smidt ◽  
Oluf Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Postprandial Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Secretagogue ◽  
Prandial Insulin ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

ObjectiveNon-obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are characterized by predominant defective insulin secretion. However, in non-obese T2DM patients, metformin, targeting insulin resistance, is non-inferior to the prandial insulin secretagogue, repaglinide, controlling overall glycaemia (HbA1c). Whether the same apply for postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism is unknown. Here, we compared the effect of metformin versus repaglinide on postprandial metabolism in non-obese T2DM patients.DesignSingle-centre, double-masked, double-dummy, crossover study during 2×4 months involving 96 non-obese (body mass index≤27 kg/m2) insulin-naïve T2DM patients. At enrolment, patients stopped prior oral hypoglycaemic agents therapies and after a 1-month run-in period on diet-only treatment, patients were randomized to repaglinide (2 mg) thrice daily followed by metformin (1 g) twice daily or vice versa each during 4 months with 1-month washout between interventions.MethodsPostprandial metabolism was evaluated by a standard test meal (3515 kJ; 54% fat, 13% protein and 33% carbohydrate) with blood sampling 0–6 h postprandially.ResultsFasting levels and total area under the curve (AUC) for plasma glucose, triglycerides and free fatty acids (FFA) changed equally between treatments. In contrast, fasting levels and AUC of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol and serum insulin were lower during metformin than repaglinide (mean (95% confidence intervals), LDL cholesterol difference metformin versus repaglinide: AUC: −0.17 mmol/l (−0.26; −0.08)). AUC differences remained significant after adjusting for fasting levels.ConclusionsIn non-obese T2DM patients, metformin reduced postprandial levels of glycaemia, triglycerides and FFA similarly compared to the prandial insulin secretagogue, repaglinide. Furthermore, metformin reduced fasting and postprandial cholesterolaemia and insulinaemia compared with repaglinide. These data support prescription of metformin as the preferred drug in non-obese patients with T2DM targeting fasting and postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism.

Relationships of oxidized HDL with blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Ebara ◽  
Mikio Marumo ◽  
Jun Mukai ◽  
Makoto Ohki ◽  
Kagehiro Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Oxidized Hdl ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Frequency of Interruptions to Sitting Time: Benefits for Postprandial Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dc201410
Author(s):  
Ashleigh R. Homer ◽  
Frances C. Taylor ◽  
Paddy C. Dempsey ◽  
Michael J. Wheeler ◽  
Parneet Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Postprandial Metabolism

Effect of prior moderate exercise on postprandial metabolism in men with type 2 diabetes: Heterogeneity of responses

2007 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M.R. Gill ◽  
Ali Al-Mamari ◽  
William R. Ferrell ◽  
Stephen J. Cleland ◽  
Colin G. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Postprandial Metabolism

scholarly journals Incretin Hormones and Type 2 Diabetes—Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Approaches

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Geke Aline Boer ◽  
Jens Juul Holst
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Incretin Hormones ◽  
Postprandial Metabolism ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are secreted from the gut upon nutrient stimulation and regulate postprandial metabolism. These hormones are known as classical incretin hormones and are responsible for a major part of postprandial insulin release. The incretin effect is severely reduced in patients with type 2 diabetes, but it was discovered that administration of GLP-1 agonists was capable of normalizing glucose control in these patients. Over the last decades, much research has been focused on the development of incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes. These therapies include incretin receptor agonists and inhibitors of the incretin-degrading enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4. Especially the development of diverse GLP-1 receptor agonists has shown immense success, whereas studies of GIP monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes have consistently been disappointing. Interestingly, both GIP-GLP-1 co-agonists and GIP receptor antagonists administered in combination with GLP-1R agonists appear to be efficient with respect to both weight loss and control of diabetes, although the molecular mechanisms behind these effects remain unknown. This review describes our current knowledge of the two incretin hormones and the development of incretin-based therapies for treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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