Systemic pyruvate administration markedly reduces infarcts and motor deficits in rat models of transient and permanent focal cerebral ischemia

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Sun Yi ◽  
Tae-Youn Kim ◽  
Dong Kyu Kim ◽  
Jae-Young Koh
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Rat Models

The proteasome inhibitor VELCADE® reduces infarction in rat models of focal cerebral ischemia

2006 ◽  
Vol 398 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Henninger ◽  
Kenneth M. Sicard ◽  
James Bouley ◽  
Marc Fisher ◽  
Nancy E. Stagliano
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitor ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Rat Models

Neuroprotective effects of neuregulin-1 in rat models of focal cerebral ischemia

2006 ◽  
Vol 1087 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Ping Guo ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Rui-Xi Li ◽  
Yu-Wen Peng
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Neuregulin 1 ◽  
Rat Models

scholarly journals Chronic treatment of 4-phenylbutyric acid ameliorates cognitive impairment after focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Kakarla Ramakrishna ◽  
Krishnamoorthy Srinivasan ◽  
Shyam Sunder Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Neurological Score ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Phenylbutyric Acid

Objectives: Stroke, apart from causing physical disabilities, it also often leads to cognitive impairment in patients. At present, there is no effective drug available for the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the ameliorative effect of 4-Phenylbutyric acid (PBA) against cognitive and memory deficits due to focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Materials and Methods: Focal cerebral I/R injury was achieved by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. PBA (100 and 300 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered once daily for 2 weeks. The neurological score was counted to evaluate the severity of neurological motor deficits. The cognitive functions, including learning and memory, were assessed using various paradigms such as Y-maze, passive avoidance task and Morris water maze. Results: The chronic treatment of PBA (100 and 300 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently improved the neurological motor deficits as shown by significant decrease in neurological score in MCAO-treated rats. Besides, PBA (100 and 300 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment markedly improved working memory as shown by significant increase in the relative percentage alternations compared to untreated control MCAO rats in Y-maze. PBA also significantly decreased the transfer latency in the acquisition trial and increased in probe trial in passive avoidance task suggesting an improvement in learning and memory in MCAO rats. There was also a significant improvement in spatial learning and memory, as evidenced by the reduced escape latency in acquisition trial and the increased number of entries into the platform zone, time spent in the platform quadrant and track plot in probe trial PBA-treated MCAO rats during Morris water maze task. Conclusion: This study, thus, demonstrates the potential of PBA in ameliorating cognitive dysfunctions in focal cerebral ischemia. Since PBA is already available for the treatment of urea cycle disorders, it may also be investigated for repurposing its use in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Effects of Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator in Embolic versus Mechanical Models of Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1316-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Meng ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Minoru Asahi ◽  
Tsuneo Kano ◽  
Kazuko Asahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Focal Ischemia ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Transient Focal Ischemia

Tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) can be effective therapy for embolic stroke by restoring cerebral perfusion. However, a recent experimental study showed that tPA increased infarct size in a mouse model of transient focal ischemia, suggesting a possible adverse effect of tPA on ischemic tissue per se. In this report, the effects of tPA in two rat models of cerebral ischemia were compared. In experiment 1, rats were subjected to focal ischemia via injection of autologous clots into the middle cerebral artery territory. Two hours after clot injection, rats were treated with 10 mg/kg tPA or normal saline. Perfusion-sensitive computed tomography scanning showed that tPA restored cerebral perfusion in this thromboembolic model. Treatment with tPA significantly reduced ischemic lesion volumes measured at 24 hours by >60%. In experiment 2, three groups of rats were subjected to focal ischemia via a mechanical approach in which a silicon-coated filament was used intraluminally to occlude the origin of the middle cerebral artery. In two groups, the filament was withdrawn after 2 hours to allow for reperfusion, and then rats were randomly treated with 10 mg/kg tPA or normal saline. In the third group, rats were not treated and the filament was not withdrawn so that permanent focal ischemia was present. In this experiment, tPA did not significantly alter lesion volumes after 2 hours of transient focal ischemia. In contrast, permanent ischemia significantly increased lesion volumes by 55% compared with transient ischemia. These results indicate that in these rat models of focal cerebral ischemia, tPA did not have detectable negative effects. Other potentially negative effects of tPA may be dependent on choice of animal species and model systems.

Willed-movement training reduces motor deficits and induces a PICK1-dependent LTD in rats subjected to focal cerebral ischemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingping Tang ◽  
Lihong Tan ◽  
Xiaosu Yang ◽  
Qin Shen ◽  
Xiaosong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Movement Training

scholarly journals Ornithine Decarboxylase Knockdown Exacerbates Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Damage in Rat Brain

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 945-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghavendra Vemuganti L. Rao ◽  
Aclan Dogan ◽  
Kellie K. Bowen ◽  
Robert J. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Transient cerebral ischemia leads to increased expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Contradicting studies attributed neuroprotective and neurotoxic roles to ODC after ischemia. Using antisense oligonucleotides (ODNs), the current study evaluated the functional role of ODC in the process of neuronal damage after transient focal cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Transient MCAO significantly increased the ODC immunoreactive protein levels and catalytic activity in the ipsilateral cortex, which were completely prevented by the infusion of antisense ODN specific for ODC. Transient MCAO in rats infused with ODC antisense ODN increased the infarct volume, motor deficits, and mortality compared with the sense or random ODN-infused controls. Results of the current study support a neuroprotective or recovery role, or both, for ODC after transient focal ischemia.

scholarly journals Improvement of the suture-occluded method in rat models of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
PING ZHANG ◽  
ZHEN HUANG ◽  
HAI-QING YAN ◽  
LIN-LIN SU ◽  
YONG-KUN GUI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion

scholarly journals Effect of Panax notoginseng Saponins on Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rat Models: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Sun ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Ting Deng ◽  
Xingbao Tao ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion

With the increase of the aging population, the high mortality and disability rates caused by ischemic stroke are some of the major problems facing the world, and they dramatically burden the society. Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen, a traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and its main bioactive components are Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS). Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion animal models established with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery to evaluate the therapeutic effect of PNS. We systematically searched the reports of PNS in MCAO animal experiments in seven databases. We assessed the study quality using two literature quality evaluation criteria; evaluated the efficacy of PNS treatment based on the outcomes of the neurological deficit score (NDS), cerebral infarct volume (CIV), and biochemical indicators via a random/fixed-effects model; and performed a subgroup analysis utilizing ischemia duration, drug dosage, intervention time, and administration duration. We also compared the efficacy of PNS with positive control drugs or combination treatment. As a result, we selected 14 eligible studies from the 3,581 searched publications based on the predefined exclusion-inclusion criteria. PNS were significantly associated with reduced NDS, reduced CIV, and inhibited release of the inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α in the focal MCAO rat models. The PNS combination therapy outperformed the PNS alone. In addition, ischemia time, drug dosage, intervention time, and administration duration in the rat models all had significant effects on the efficacy of PNS. Although more high-quality studies are needed to further determine the clinical efficacy and guiding parameters of PNS, our results also confirmed that PNS significantly relieves the focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rat models. In the animal trials, it was suggested that an early intervention had significant efficacy with PNS alone or PNS combination treatment at a dosage lower than 25 mg/kg or 100–150 mg/kg for 4 days or longer. These findings further guide the therapeutic strategy for clinical cerebral ischemic stroke.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document