Assessing the potential to calendar date Māori waka (canoes) using dendrochronology

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretel Boswijk ◽  
Dilys Johns
Keyword(s):  
Calendar Date

TEMPORAL GENERALIZATION WITH DOMAIN GENERALIZATION GRAPHS

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. RANDALL ◽  
H. J. HAMILTON ◽  
R. J. HILDERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Partial Order ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Formal Specifications ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Temporal Generalization ◽  
Domain Generalization Graphs

This paper addresses the problem of using domain generalization graphs to generalize temporal data extracted from relational databases. A domain generalization graph associated with an attribute defines a partial order which represents a set of generalization relations for the attribute. We propose formal specifications for domain generalization graphs associated with calendar (date and time) attributes. These graphs are reusable (i.e. can be used to generalize any calendar attributes), adaptable (i.e. can be extended or restricted as appropriate for particular applications), and transportable (i.e. can be used with any database containing a calendar attribute).

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dates from Jar and Coffin Burials of the Cardamom Mountains Reveal a Unique Mortuary Ritual in Cambodia's Late- to Post-Angkor Period (15th–17th Centuries AD)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Beavan ◽  
Sian Halcrow ◽  
Bruce McFadgen ◽  
Derek Hamilton ◽  
Brendan Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Mortuary Ritual ◽  
Island Southeast Asia ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Exposed Rock ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Burial Rituals

We present the first radiocarbon dates from previously unrecorded, secondary burials in the Cardamom Mountains, Cambodia. The mortuary ritual incorporates nautical tradeware ceramic jars and log coffins fashioned from locally harvested trees as burial containers, which were set out on exposed rock ledges at 10 sites in the eastern Cardamom Massif. The suite of 2814C ages from 4 of these sites (Khnorng Sroal, Phnom Pel, Damnak Samdech, and Khnang Tathan) provides the first estimation of the overall time depth of the practice. The most reliable calendar date ranges from the 4 sites reveals a highland burial ritual unrelated to lowland Khmer culture that was practiced from cal AD 1395 to 1650. The time period is concurrent with the 15th century decline of Angkor as the capital of the Khmer kingdom and its demise about AD 1432, and the subsequent shift of power to new Mekong trade ports such as Phnom Penh, Udong, and Lovek. We discuss the Cardamom ritual relative to known funerary rituals of the pre- to post-Angkorian periods, and to similar exposed jar and coffin burial rituals in Mainland and Island Southeast Asia.

The brevity and severity of ‘Golden Age’ piracy trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Conviction Rate ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Opening Statements

A sampling of piracy and piracy-related trials involving mainly English (later British) and colonial courts between 1670 and 1731 shows that from opening statements through deliberations they were rapid affairs, few extending beyond a single calendar date, and that on average they appear to have convicted about six of every 10 defendants who pleaded Not Guilty. That conviction figure is impacted by high-volume trials in 1700 and 1722 that acquitted relatively large numbers of defendants; eliminating these two trials from the mix yields a significantly higher conviction rate (about seven in 10) for those who pleaded Not Guilty. This article presents its sampling data, noting appropriate cautions, in the context of the era’s legal proceedings and practices.

Digital Date Equations

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Martha Hildebrandt
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Mental Mathematics

This article shares ideas for using the calendar date to increase students' mental mathematics and problem-solving skills. Postscript items are designed as rich grab-and-go resources that any teacher could quickly incorporate into his or her classroom repertoire with little effort and maximum impact.

BIOLOGY OF AGAPETA ZOEGANA (LEPIDOPTERA: COCHYLIDAE), PROPAGATED FOR THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF KNAPWEEDS (ASTERACEAE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Powell ◽  
Brian M. Wikeem ◽  
Allen Sturko
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Spotted Knapweed ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Centaurea Diffusa ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

AbstractWe examined the influence of temperature and release density on the root-boring moth, Agapeta zoegana L., a biological control agent of diffuse knapweed, Centaurea diffusa Lam., and spotted knapweed, Centaurea maculosa Lam. Moths were released at six densities (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 adult male–female pairs) in each of 2 years (1992 and 1993 cohorts) into outdoor, caged plots containing spotted knapweed. Air temperature, larval establishment and mass, and adult emergence, mass, and body dimensions were measured. Larval production increased linearly with adult release density in both cohorts. Larval survival ranged from 0 to 100% and was not correlated with release density or accumulated degree-days in either year. Date of first emergence occurred earlier as both release density and larvae per plant increased, but only for the 1992 cohort. Declining resources or increased contact among the larvae may induce early pupation. Peak emergence rate increased with release density in both cohorts. First emergence was related more closely to calendar date than accumulated degree-days. In contrast, peak emergence rates were more consistent with degree-day accumulations between cohorts than calendar date. Adult production increased with parental release density in both cohorts. Females were heavier, wider, and longer than males. Optimal A. zoegana production will be achieved with releases of greater than 1.6 male–female adult pairs per spotted knapweed plant.

scholarly journals Timing of Pistacia chinensis Bunge. Rooting Using Morphological Markers Associated with Calendar Date and Degree Days

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane E. Dunn ◽  
Janet C. Cole ◽  
Michael W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Shade Tree ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Secondary Roots

The objective of this study was to determine the most advantageous time to collect cuttings of Chinese pistache, a commonly recommended ornamental shade tree that is difficult to propagate by cuttings. In 1993, calendar date and degree days (daily mean temperature -7.2C) were used to estimate an appropriate cutting time. The greatest percentage of rooted cuttings occurred in male cuttings harvested on 13 May 1993 (397 degree days) and treated with 17,500 mg·liter-1 IBA or in male cuttings harvested on 20 May 1993 (482 degree days) and treated with either 8750 or 17,500 mg·liter-1 IBA. In 1994, cutting time was associated with calendar days, degree days, and morphology. The most rooted cuttings (44%) were from green softwood cuttings taken on 9 May 1994, which was 380 degree days from orange budbreak using a threshold temperature of 7.2C. Orange budbreak was characterized by separation of the outer bud scales such that the orange, pubescent inner bud scales were visible. Cuttings taken on 9 May 1994 and treated with 8750 mg·liter-1 IBA produced the most primary and secondary roots and the longest primary roots per cutting. Male Chinese pistache cuttings should be collected from green softwood or red semi-softwood stems when about 380 to 573 degree days have accumulated after orange budbreak. Chemical names used: indolebutyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals The setting of fenological-stadium of plum (Prunus domestica) rootstock-variety combinations in 2011–2013

2014 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Anikó Czinege
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Ripening Time ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Phenological Phases

We planted experimental trees, namely 6 plum varieties and 6 plum rootstocks in the spring of 2010, which of aim were the phenological -phases of variety-rootstock combinations analyses. We observed 18 plum varieties – rootstocks combination in Kecskemét, in Garden of Kecskemét Collage. We set the examination with 2 kind irrigations. A plum combination appear in the examination in 6 repetition depend on irrigation. The vegetative period started bursting of buds in 2011 March 15–18.; 2012 March 16–19. and 2013 March 12.–April 2. This was followed green buds stadium shorter or longer periods, than appeared white buds stadium and in the following day we could see started of flowering. The main flowering kept 7–10 days, except in 2012, when arriving frozen by April 8. morning stopped the main flowering. Following flowering we observed fruit falling 3 occasion, these weren’t noticed calendar date. These were in order: fruit falling after set, fruit falling in June, fruits falling before harvest. In 2013 these fruit falling there weren’t considerable. The ripening was characteristically varieties. The most of earlier ripening was ‘Katinka’/‘St Julien A‘, from which we didn’t harvest in 2011, but in 2012 July 17, and in 2013 July 9. pick up some plum fruits. The ‘Cacanska lepotica’ ripped in July 21–30, this was followed in ripening time the ‘Topfive’ in July 19.–August 6., The ‘Toptaste’ in August 5–23., The ‘Jojo’ in August 2–26., and the ‘Topper and ‘Katinka’/‘Mirobalan ’ stopped ripening in August 22.–September begin. The colouring leaves and the falling leaves started continue after harvesting, but we experienced the end of the falling leaves in the first bigger frozen time, October 24.–November 26.

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