Variational principles and size-dependent bounds for piezoelectric inhomogeneous materials with piezoelectric coherent imperfect interfaces

2014 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-T. Gu ◽  
L. Qin
Keyword(s):  
Variational Principles ◽  
Inhomogeneous Materials ◽  
Imperfect Interfaces ◽  
Size Dependent

The Influence of Torsional-Rigidity Bounds for Composite Shafts with Specific Cross-Sections

2011 ◽  
Vol 462-463 ◽  
pp. 674-679
Author(s):  
I Tung Chan ◽  
Tung Yang Chen ◽  
Min Sen Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Variational Principles ◽  
Torsional Rigidity ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Imperfect Interfaces ◽  
Section Shape ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Rigorous Bounds ◽  
Low Shear

We consider the Saint-Venant torsion problem of composite shafts. Two different kinds of imperfect interfaces are considered. One models a thin interphase of low shear modulus and the other models a thin interphase of high shear modulus. The imperfect interfaces are characterized by parameters given in terms of the thickness and shear modulus of the interphases. Using variational principles, we derive rigorous bounds for the torsional rigidity of composite shafts with cross-sections of arbitrary shapes. The analysis is based on the construction of admissible fields in the inclusions and in the matrix. We obtain the general expression for the bounds and demonstrate the results with some particular examples. Specifically, circular, elliptical and trianglar shafts are considered to exemplify the derived bounds. We incorporate the cross-section shape factor into the bounds and show how the position and size of the inclusion influence the bounds. Under specific conditions, the lower and upper bounds will coincide and agree with the exact torsional rigidity.

scholarly journals Size dependent of the effective conductivity of composite with imperfect interfaces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Trung Kien
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Effective Properties ◽  
Effective Conductivity ◽  
Imperfect Interface ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Imperfect Interfaces ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Equivalent Inclusion ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Based on the circle assemblage model, the effective properties of the inclusion with imperfect interface are derived. The equivalent inclusion is incorporated in the Fourier Transform algorithm to determine the effective conductivity of the composite with lowly conducting or highly conducting interface. The size effect is considered for both cases. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the dependence of the effective conductivity on the size of inhomogeneities.

Production and STEM examination of controlled-size silver clusters

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
M. A. Listvan ◽  
R. P. Andres
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Size ◽  
Metal Clusters ◽  
Experimental Parameter ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Silver Clusters ◽  
Free Jet ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Cluster Properties ◽  
Controllable Size

Knowledge of the function and structure of small metal clusters is one goal of research in catalysis. One important experimental parameter is cluster size. Ideally, one would like to produce metal clusters of regulated size in order to characterize size-dependent cluster properties.A source has been developed which is capable of producing microscopic metal clusters of controllable size (in the range 5-500 atoms) This source, the Multiple Expansion Cluster Source, with a Free Jet Deceleration Filter (MECS/FJDF) operates as follows. The bulk metal is heated in an oven to give controlled concentrations of monomer and dimer which were expanded sonically. These metal species were quenched and condensed in He and filtered to produce areosol particles of a controlled size as verified by mass spectrometer measurements. The clusters were caught on pre-mounted, clean carbon films. The grids were then transferred in air for microscopic examination. MECS/FJDF was used to produce two different sizes of silver clusters for this study: nominally Ag6 and Ag50.

Transfer Technique for Electron Microscopy of Membrance Filter Samples

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 554-555
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Ortiz ◽  
Bonnie L. Isom
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Size Dependent

A procedure is described for the quantitative transfer of fibers and particulates collected on membrane filters to electron microscope (EM) grids. Various Millipore MF filters (Millipore AA, HA, GS, and VM; 0.8, 0.45, 0.22 and 0.05 μm mean pore size) have been used with success. Observed particle losses have not been size dependent and have not exceeded 10%. With fibers (glass or asbestos) as the collected media this observed loss is approximately 3%.

Spindle scaling mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-396
Author(s):  
Lara K. Krüger ◽  
Phong T. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Spindle Assembly ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Chromosome Separation ◽  
Spindle Elongation ◽  
Protein Gradients ◽  
Spindle Structure

Abstract The mitotic spindle robustly scales with cell size in a plethora of different organisms. During development and throughout evolution, the spindle adjusts to cell size in metazoans and yeast in order to ensure faithful chromosome separation. Spindle adjustment to cell size occurs by the scaling of spindle length, spindle shape and the velocity of spindle assembly and elongation. Different mechanisms, depending on spindle structure and organism, account for these scaling relationships. The limited availability of critical spindle components, protein gradients, sequestration of spindle components, or post-translational modification and differential expression levels have been implicated in the regulation of spindle length and the spindle assembly/elongation velocity in a cell size-dependent manner. In this review, we will discuss the phenomenon and mechanisms of spindle length, spindle shape and spindle elongation velocity scaling with cell size.

Variational Principles in Mathematical Physics, Geometry, and Economics

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Kristaly ◽  
Vicentiu D. Radulescu ◽  
Csaba Varga
Keyword(s):  
Variational Principles ◽  
Mathematical Physics
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