Simultaneous electrochemical-assisted exfoliation and in situ surface functionalization towards large-scale production of few-layer graphene

FlatChem ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 100132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Zabihi ◽  
Mojtaba Ahmadi ◽  
Quanxiang Li ◽  
Seyed Mousa Fakhrhoseini ◽  
Zahra Komeily Nia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

scholarly journals Progress on Diamane and Diamanoid Thin Film Pressureless Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Fabrice Piazza ◽  
Marc Monthioux ◽  
Pascal Puech ◽  
Iann C. Gerber ◽  
Kathleen Gough
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Bernal Stacking ◽  
Hydrogen Radicals ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

Nanometer-thick and crystalline sp3-bonded carbon sheets are promising new wide band-gap semiconducting materials for electronics, photonics, and medical devices. Diamane was prepared from the exposure of bi-layer graphene to hydrogen radicals produced by the hot-filament process at low pressure and temperature. A sharp sp3-bonded carbon stretching mode was observed in ultraviolet Raman spectra at around 1344–1367 cm−1 while no sp2-bonded carbon peak was simultaneously detected. By replacing bi-layer graphene with few-layer graphene, diamanoid/graphene hybrids were formed from the partial conversion of few-layer graphene, due to the prevalent Bernal stacking sequence. Raman spectroscopy, electron diffraction, and Density Functional Theory calculations show that partial conversion generates twisted bi-layer graphene located at the interface between the upper diamanoid domain and the non-converted graphenic domain underneath. Carbon-hydrogen bonding in the basal plane of hydrogenated few-layer graphene, where carbon is bonded to a single hydrogen over an area of 150 μm2, was directly evidenced by Fourier transform infrared microscopy and the actual full hydrogenation of diamane was supported by first-principle calculations. Those results open the door to large-scale production of diamane, diamanoids, and diamanoid/graphene hybrids.

Synthesis of few-layer graphene-like nanosheets from glucose: New facile approach for graphene-like nanosheets large-scale production

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Adel ◽  
Azza El-Maghraby ◽  
Ossama El-Shazly ◽  
El-Wahidy F. El-Wahidy ◽  
Marwa A. A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

Abstract

scholarly journals Synthesis of polypeptides via bioinspired polymerization of in situ purified N-carboxyanhydrides

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (22) ◽  
pp. 10658-10663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Song ◽  
Hailin Fu ◽  
Jiang Wang ◽  
Jingshu Hui ◽  
Tianrui Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Competing Species ◽  
Natural Protein ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Synthetic Polypeptides

Ribozymes synthesize proteins in a highly regulated local environment to minimize side reactions caused by various competing species. In contrast, it is challenging to prepare synthetic polypeptides from the polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) in the presence of water and impurities, which induce monomer degradations and chain terminations, respectively. Inspired by natural protein synthesis, we herein report the preparation of well-defined polypeptides in the presence of competing species, by using a water/dichloromethane biphasic system with macroinitiators anchored at the interface. The impurities are extracted into the aqueous phase in situ, and the localized macroinitiators allow for NCA polymerization at a rate which outpaces water-induced side reactions. Our polymerization strategy streamlines the process from amino acids toward high molecular weight polypeptides with low dispersity by circumventing the tedious NCA purification and the demands for air-free conditions, enabling low-cost, large-scale production of polypeptides that has potential to change the paradigm of polypeptide-based biomaterials.

scholarly journals SMA-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite by Microfluidization for Efficient and Large-Scale Production of High-Quality Graphene

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhou Wang ◽  
Xianye Zhang ◽  
Haihui Liu ◽  
Xingxiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Maleic Anhydride Copolymer ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

In this paper, the sodium salt of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) was used as a stabilizer in the process of graphite exfoliation to few-layer graphene using the technique of microfluidization in water. This method is simple, scalable, and cost-effective, and it produces graphene at concentrations as high as 0.522 mg mL−1. The generated high-quality graphene consists of few-layer sheets with a uniform size of less than 1 μm. The obtained graphene was uniformly dispersed and tightly integrated into a polyamide 66 (PA66) matrix to create high-performance multifunctional polymer nanocomposites. The tensile strength and thermal conductivity of 0.3 and 0.5 wt% EG/PA66 composites were found to be ~32.6% and ~28.8% greater than the corresponding values calculated for pure PA66, respectively. This confirms that the new protocol of liquid phase exfoliation of graphite has excellent potential for use in the industrial-scale production of high-quality graphene for numerous applications.

scholarly journals Obtaining Cocrystals by Reaction Crystallization Method: Pharmaceutical Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 898
Author(s):  
Isabela Fanelli Barreto Biscaia ◽  
Samantha Nascimento Gomes ◽  
Larissa Sakis Bernardi ◽  
Paulo Renato Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Supersaturated Solution ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Crystallization Method ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Poorly Soluble

Cocrystals have gained attention in the pharmaceutical industry due to their ability to improve solubility, stability, in vitro dissolution rate, and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Conceptually, cocrystals are multicomponent solids that contain two or more neutral molecules in stoichiometric amounts within the same crystal lattice. There are several techniques for obtaining cocrystals described in the literature; however, the focus of this article is the Reaction Crystallization Method (RCM). This method is based on the generation of a supersaturated solution with respect to the cocrystal, while this same solution is saturated or unsaturated with respect to the components of the cocrystal individually. The advantages of the RCM compared with other cocrystallization techniques include the ability to form cocrystals without crystallization of individual components, applicability to the development of in situ techniques for the screening of high quality cocrystals, possibility of large-scale production, and lower cost in both time and materials. An increasing number of scientific studies have demonstrated the use of RCM to synthesize cocrystals, mainly for drugs belonging to class II of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System. The promising results obtained by RCM have demonstrated the applicability of the method for obtaining pharmaceutical cocrystals that improve the biopharmaceutical characteristics of drugs.

In Situ Laser-Furnace TOF Mass Spectrometry of C36and the Large-Scale Production by Arc-Discharge

2000 ◽  
Vol 104 (33) ◽  
pp. 7908-7913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Koshio ◽  
Masayasu Inakuma ◽  
Zhong W. Wang ◽  
Toshiki Sugai ◽  
Hisanori Shinohara
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production
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