Occupational pesticide exposure and screening tests for neurodegenerative disease among an elderly population in Costa Rica

2013 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Steenland ◽  
C. Wesseling ◽  
N. Román ◽  
I. Quirós ◽  
J.L. Juncos
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Screening Tests

scholarly journals Variability and predictors of weekly pesticide exposure in applicators on organic, sustainable, and conventional smallholder farms in Costa Rica

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Fuhrimann S ◽  
Staudacher P ◽  
Lindh C ◽  
van Wendel de Joode B ◽  
Mora A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Smallholder Farms

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Cognitive and Functional Performance in Indigenous Older Adults of Nariño, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yenny Vicky Paredes-Arturo ◽  
Eunice Yarce-Pinzon ◽  
Diego Mauricio Diaz-Velasquez ◽  
Daniel Camilo Aguirre-Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Functional Factors ◽  
Global Cognition

Introduction. Ethnicity in Latin America is a factor of poverty and social exclusion. Like in developed countries, demographic, medical, psychosocial, global cognitive, and functional variables interact in a complex relationship on the elderly population. Such interaction should be considered to determine cognitive and functional performance using screening tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, medical, and psychosocial factors affecting global cognitive performance as well as functional activities. Methods. The study was conducted in a Colombian elderly indigenous population which included a sample of 518 adults. This research employed a structural model of latent factors to assess the effects of demographic, medical, and psychosocial factors on cognitive and functional performance. The model was estimated by least squares and used a maximum-likelihood procedure, and it was determined RMSEA, TLI, and CFI to assess the model’s goodness of fit. The categorical variables used in the model were as follows: (1) demographics, (2) psychosocial factors, (3) medical condition, (4) global cognition, and (5) functional factors. Results. Demographics, in addition to medical and psychosocial factors, were related to global cognition and functional factors (RMSEA = 0.051, CI 90% 0.045–0.057, CFI = 0.901, and TLI = 0.881). Conclusion. These results provide strong evidence about the complex relationships among demographics, medical conditions, and psychosocial factors and their influence on global cognition and functional performance in Colombian indigenous elderly population.

scholarly journals Variability and predictors of weekly pesticide exposure in applicators from organic, sustainable and conventional smallholder farms in Costa Rica

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Fuhrimann ◽  
Philipp Staudacher ◽  
Christian Lindh ◽  
Berna van Wendel de Joode ◽  
Ana M Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Pesticide Exposures

ObjectiveEstimates of pesticide exposure among applicators from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce, and exposure assessment methods are sometimes costly or logistically unfeasible. We examined the variability in weeklong pesticide exposure among applicators in Costa Rica and its predictors.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey among 221 pesticide applicators from organic, sustainable and conventional farms in 2016. We administered structured questionnaires to assess pesticide application practices at two time points (4–6 weeks apart). We adapted an existing algorithm to fit the context of smallholders and derive weekly pesticide exposure scores. We used linear mixed-effect models to examine within-worker and between-worker score variability. We then identified sociodemographic and occupational predictors of weekly pesticide exposure scores.ResultsWe observed high within-worker and between-worker variability in weekly pesticide exposures (eg, up to 180-fold and 70-fold differences in average weekly exposures within and between workers, respectively; intraclass correlation coefficient=0.4). Applicators working on conventional and sustainable farms had exposure scores twofold and 1.5-fold higher than those working in organic farms, respectively. Farm workers who received training on pesticide use had weekly pesticide exposure scores of 33% (95% CI 1% to 55%) lower than those who did not receive any training.ConclusionsIn this study of applicators from smallholder farms in Costa Rica, we determined the importance of collecting questionnaire data on self-reported pesticide use repeatedly due to its high variability within workers and absence of application records. Our questionnaire-based exposure algorithm could allow the calculation of semiquantitative estimates of average pesticide exposure for applicators from other LMICs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in the Elderly Population Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3553
Author(s):  
Beata Dziedzic ◽  
Zofia Sienkiewicz ◽  
Anna Leńczuk-Gruba ◽  
Ewa Kobos ◽  
Wiesław Fidecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: A sharp rise in the population of elderly people, who are more prone to somatic and mental diseases, combined with the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetes-associated complications in this age group, have an impact on the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Aim of the work: The work of the study was the evaluation of the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly population diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: The pilot study was conducted in 2019 among 200 people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 65 years and above, receiving treatment in a specialist diabetes outpatient clinic. The study was based on a questionnaire aimed at collecting basic sociodemographic and clinical data and the complete geriatric depression scale (GDS, by Yesavage) consisting of 30 questions. Results: The study involved 200 patients receiving treatment in a diabetes outpatient clinic. The mean age of the study subjects was 71.4 ± 5.0 years. The vast majority of the subjects (122; 61%) were women, with men accounting for 39% of the study population (78 subjects). A statistically significant difference in the GDS (p < 0.01) was shown for marital status, body mass index (BMI), duration of diabetes, and the number of comorbidities. Patients with results indicative of symptoms of mild and severe depression were found to have higher BMI, longer disease duration, and a greater number of comorbidities. There were no statistically significant differences in the level of HbA1c. Conclusions: In order to verify the presence of depressive symptoms in the group of geriatric patients with diabetes mellitus, an appropriate screening programme must be introduced to identify those at risk and refer them to specialists, so that treatment can be promptly initiated. Screening tests conducted by nurses might help with patient identification.

Environmental Pesticide Exposure In 12 Schools In Matina County, Costa Rica: Results From The Infants' Environmental Health Program (ISA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 4343
Author(s):  
Leonel Córdoba Gamboa ◽  
Karla Solano ◽  
Clemens Ruepert ◽  
Berna Van Wendel De Joode
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Pesticide Exposure

scholarly journals Environmental exposures contribute to respiratory and allergic symptoms among women living in the banana growing regions of Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107611
Author(s):  
Brooke Alhanti ◽  
Berna van Wendel de Joode ◽  
Manuel Soto Martinez ◽  
Ana M Mora ◽  
Leonel Córdoba Gamboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Health Cohort Study

ObjectivesThis research evaluates whether environmental exposures (pesticides and smoke) influence respiratory and allergic outcomes in women living in a tropical, agricultural environment.MethodsWe used data from 266 mothers from the Infants’ Environmental Health cohort study in Costa Rica. We evaluated environmental exposures in women by measuring seven pesticide and two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites in urine samples. We defined ‘high exposure’ as having a metabolite value in the top 75th percentile. We collected survey data on respiratory and allergic outcomes in mothers as well as on pesticides and other environmental exposures. Using logistic regression models adjusted for obesity, we assessed the associations of pesticide exposure with multiple outcomes (wheeze, doctor-diagnosed asthma, high (≥2) asthma score based on symptoms, rhinitis, eczema and itchy rash).ResultsCurrent pesticide use in the home was positively associated with diagnosed asthma (OR=1.99 (95% CI=1.05 to 3.87)). High urinary levels of 5-hydroxythiabendazole (thiabendazole metabolite) and living in a neighbourhood with frequent smoke from waste burning were associated with a high asthma score (OR=1.84 (95%CI=1.05 to 3.25) and OR=2.31 (95%CI=1.11 to 5.16), respectively). Women who worked in agriculture had a significantly lower prevalence of rhinitis (0.19 (0.01 to 0.93)), but were more likely to report eczema (OR=2.54 (95%CI=1.33 to 4.89)) and an itchy rash (OR=3.17 (95%CI=1.24 to 7.73)).ConclusionsWhile limited by sample size, these findings suggest that environmental exposure to both pesticides and smoke may impact respiratory and skin-related allergic outcomes in women.

scholarly journals Geographical differences of cancer incidence in Costa Rica in relation to environmental and occupational pesticide exposure

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wesseling ◽  
D. Antich ◽  
C. Hogstedt ◽  
A. C. Rodriguez ◽  
A. Ahlbom
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Geographical Differences

Short screening tests for dementia in the elderly population. I. A comparison between AMTS, MMSE, MSQ and SPMSQ

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 559-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hooijer ◽  
M. Dinkgreve ◽  
C. Jonker ◽  
J. Lindeboom ◽  
D. W. K. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Tests

Feasibility for Studying Parkinson Disease in Relation to Pesticide Exposure in Costa Rica

Epidemiology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S201
Author(s):  
A M Mora ◽  
C Wesseling ◽  
K Steenland
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Pesticide Exposure
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