scholarly journals The European cancer burden in 2020: Incidence and mortality estimates for 40 countries and 25 major cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 308-347
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Dyba ◽  
Giorgia Randi ◽  
Freddie Bray ◽  
Carmen Martos ◽  
Francesco Giusti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Mortality Estimates ◽  
European Cancer

Breast cancer burden in Africa: evidence from GLOBOCAN 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Estimates

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the leading malignancy in African females. This study aims to examine the breast cancer burden in Africa using recently released GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates. Methods The incidence and mortality estimates of age- and country-wise burden of breast cancer in 54 African countries were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2018. Results In Africa, breast cancer caused 74 072 deaths, and 168 690 cases were estimated to have occurred in 2018. The age-standardized incidence rate stood at 37.9/100 000 in Africa, varying from 6.9/100 000 in the Gambia to 69.6/100 000 in Mauritius. The age-standardized mortality rate stood at 17.2/100 000 in 2018, ranging from 4/100 000 in the Gambia to 29.1/100 000 in Somalia in 2018. Nigeria was the leading country in terms of absolute burden with 26 310 cases and 11 564 deaths, followed by Egypt with 23 081 new cases and 9254 deaths. The mortality-to-incidence ratio for Africa stood at 0.44, varying from 0.24 in Libya to 0.68 in the Central African Republic. Conclusion To tackle breast cancer burden in Africa, the main challenges are late-stage disease presentation, lack of screening and therapeutic infrastructure, lack of awareness and limited resources.

scholarly journals Discrepancies between Canadian cancer research funding and site-specific cancer burden: a spotlight on ten disease sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Coronado ◽  
C. Finley ◽  
K. Badovinac ◽  
J. Han ◽  
J. Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Specific Cancer

BackgroundCancer research is essential in evaluating the safety and effectiveness of emerging cancer treatments, which in turn can lead to ground-breaking advancements in cancer care. Given limited research funding, allocating resources in alignment with societal burden is essential. However, evidence shows that such alignment does not typically occur. The objective of the present study was to provide an updated overview of site-specific cancer research investment in Canada and to explore potential discrepancies between the site-specific burden and the level of research investment.MethodsThe 10 cancer sites with the highest mortality in 2015—which included brain, female breast, colorectal, leukemia, lung, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovary, pancreas, prostate, and uterus—were selected for the analysis. Information about site-specific research investment and cancer burden (raw incidence and mortality) was obtained from the Canadian Cancer Research Survey and Statistics Canada’s cansim (the Canadian Socio-Economic Information Management System) respectively. The ratio of site-specific research investment to site-specific burden was used as an indicator of overfunding (ratio > 1) or underfunding (ratio < 1).ResultsThe 3 cancer sites with the highest research investments were leukemia, prostate, and breast, which together represented 51.3% of 2015 cancer research funding. Conversely, the 3 cancer sites with the lowest investments were uterus, pancreas, and ovary, which together represented 7.8% of 2015 research funding. Relative to site-specific cancer burden, the lung, uterus, and colorectal sites were consistently the most underfunded.ConclusionsObserved discrepancies between cancer burden and research investment indicate that some cancer sites (such as lung, colorectal, and uterus) seem to be underfunded when site-specific incidence and mortality are taken into consideration.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic in the African continent: Forecasts of cumulative cases, new infections, and mortality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Achoki ◽  
U Alam ◽  
L Were ◽  
T Gebremedhin ◽  
F Senkubuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Local Context ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mortality Estimates

BackgroundThe epidemiology of COVID-19 remains speculative in Africa. To the best of our knowledge, no study, using robust methodology provides its trajectory for the region or accounts for local context. This paper is the first systematic attempt to provide prevalence, incidence, and mortality estimates across Africa.MethodsCaseloads and incidence forecasts are from a co-variate-based instrumental variable regression model. Fatality rates from Italy and China were applied to generate mortality estimates after making relevant health system and population-level characteristics related adjustments between each of the African countries.ResultsBy June 30 2020, around 16.3 million people in Africa will contract COVID-19 (95% CI 718,403 to 98,358,799). Northern and Eastern Africa will be the most and least affected areas. Cumulative cases by June 30 are expected to reach around 2.9 million (95% CI 465,028 to 18,286,358) in Southern Africa, 2.8 million (95% CI 517,489 to 15,056,314) in Western Africa, and 1.2 million (95% CI 229,111 to 6,138,692) in Central Africa. Incidence for the month of April 2020 is expected to be highest in Djibouti, 32.8 per 1000 (95% CI 6.25 to 171.77), while Morocco will experience among the highest fatalities (1,045 deaths, 95% CI 167 to 6,547).ConclusionLess urbanized countries with low levels of socio-economic development (hence least connected to the world), are likely to register lower and slower transmissions at the early stages of an epidemic. However, the same enabling factors that worked for their benefit can hinder interventions that have lessened the impact of COVID-19 elsewhere.

Measuring the cancer burden: the European Cancer Information System

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bettio ◽  
R Carvalho ◽  
N Dimitrova ◽  
T Dyba ◽  
F Giusti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
European Cancer

scholarly journals 1581O Estimation of European cancer burden for the year 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. S1196
Author(s):  
T.A. Dyba ◽  
G. Randi ◽  
M.D.C. Martos ◽  
F. Giusti ◽  
J. Ferlay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Burden ◽  
European Cancer

scholarly journals Measuring the cancer burden in Europe: The European Cancer Information System (ECIS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. v675
Author(s):  
M. Bettio ◽  
R.N. Carvalho ◽  
N. Dimitrova ◽  
T. Dyba ◽  
M. Flego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
European Cancer

Measuring the cancer burden: the European Cancer Information System

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bettio ◽  
R Carvalho ◽  
N Dimitrova ◽  
T Dyba ◽  
F Giusti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
European Cancer

scholarly journals Analysis of the National Cancer Institute’s Investment in Site-Specific Cancer Research Funding Involving Collaborators in Latin America and Its Correspondence to Regional Cancer Burden

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Jasmin Serena Vargas ◽  
Rachel Abudu ◽  
Kalina Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Uterine Cancers

PURPOSE Economic and social-behavioral changes over the last two decades in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are associated with increases in the regional cancer burden. We aim to describe the National Cancer Institute–funded extramural research portfolio with collaborators in the LAC between fiscal years 2014 and 2018 and compare project numbers by site with subregional cancer burden. METHODS This analysis included National Cancer Institute–funded extramural projects with LAC collaborators from fiscal years 2014 to 2018 from the National Institutes of Health IMPAC II database. Projects were stratified by Pan American Health Organization’s Latin American subregions, tumor sites, and regional site-specific rates of cancer incidence and mortality using Globocan 2018 estimates. To better understand subregional variations in cancer incidence and mortality, this analysis focused on the top 5 sites of incidence and mortality in LAC after breast and prostate cancer. RESULTS Between fiscal years 2014 and 2018, 108 projects with LAC collaborators were funded. Project collaborators came from 22 countries in the region, and projects covered 20 tumor sites. The Southern Cone had the most projects funded, followed by the Central American Isthmus and Mexico, Andes, Latin Caribbean, and non-Latin Caribbean—this was roughly proportional to subregional populations. Variation exists at the subregional level for the top 5 cancers when comparing incidence and mortality with subregional project counts. Disparities between projects and incidence by tumor site were the largest for colorectal, lung, and uterine cancers. Disparities between projects and mortality by tumor site were the largest for lung and uterine cancers. Disparities between projects and both components of cancer burden by subregion were the largest for the Latin Caribbean and non-Latin Caribbean. The number of funded projects for Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma largely outpaced both incidence and mortality in every subregion. CONCLUSION This analysis suggests that projects’ alignment with cancer burden is variable by subregion, provides an understanding of cancer research funding by site, and highlights areas of interest for additional investigation, training, and collaboration in LAC.

scholarly journals Influence of Age on 2040 Cancer Burden in the Older Population of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries: Public Health Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110271
Author(s):  
Sohaila Cheema ◽  
Patrick Maisonneuve ◽  
Albert B. Lowenfels ◽  
Amit Abraham ◽  
Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Introduction and Study Aims: The underlying population of global regions varies widely and is a major determinant of regional cancer differences. The aims were to: (1) estimate the cancer burden in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in 2040 for the ≥70 population and (2) assess the public health implications for this cancer increase. Methods: We used Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) estimates of cancer incidence and mortality for people aged 70 years or more in GCC countries from 2018 to 2040 from the International Agency for Research on Cancer. For population growth, we used data for the same period from the Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. From these, we calculated the predicted increase in the number of cancer cases and cancer deaths from 2018 to 2040 and the proportion of cases/deaths represented by those aged 70+ for the 2 time periods. Findings: In the GCC countries, the predicted number of newly diagnosed cancers and cancer deaths in the older population will increase by 465% and 462% respectively due to demographic changes—greater than other countries in the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region, or in countries of similar economic development. The largest predicted increases will be for Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. Based on the predicted population age, cancer burden among older people in the GCC countries will increase by approximately 460%. Conclusion: By the year 2040, the relationship between cancer and age will cause a 4- to 5-fold increase in the cancer burden in the GCC. These predictable changes will require additional planning and resources to provide appropriate healthcare.

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