scholarly journals Paraclinical findings in Iranian veterans exposed to sulfur mustard gas: A literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mansour Razavi ◽  
Masoud Saghafinia ◽  
Payman Salamati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Mustard Gas

The mucocutaneous manifestations of sulfur mustard gas on 1024 Iraqi victims: ISIS chemical attack in the South of Kirkuk

Toxin Reviews ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Seyed Naser Emadi ◽  
Bahareh Abtahi-Naeini ◽  
Ghasem Rahmat Pour Rokni ◽  
Seyed Emad Emadi ◽  
Shahin Hamzelou
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Mustard Gas ◽  
The South ◽  
Chemical Attack

Rapid Capture and Hydrolysis of a Sulfur Mustard Gas in Silver-Ion-Exchanged Zeolite Y

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (47) ◽  
pp. 40651-40660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Rim Son ◽  
Min-Kun Kim ◽  
Sam Gon Ryu ◽  
Hyun Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Silver Ion ◽  
Mustard Gas ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Are Iranian Sulfur Mustard Gas-Exposed Survivors More Vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2? Some Similarity in Their Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Farnoosh ◽  
Mostafa Ghanei ◽  
Hossein Khorramdelazad ◽  
Gholamhossein Alishiri ◽  
Alireza Jalali Farahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Mustard Gas ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Increased Susceptibility ◽  
Gas Exposure

ABSTRACT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged as a health problem worldwide. It seems that COVID-19 is more lethal for Iranian veterans with a history of exposure to mustard gas. There are some similarities in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and mustard gas in immune system disruption and pulmonary infection. SARS-CoV-2 and mustard gas inducing oxidative stress, immune system dysregulation, cytokine storm, and overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor in lungs that act as functional entry receptors for SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, Iranian survivors of mustard gas exposure are more susceptible and vulnerable to COVID-19. It is suggested that the principles of COVID-19 infection prevention and control be adhered to more stringently in Iranian survivors of mustard gas exposure than others who have not been exposed to mustard gas. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the different pathologic aspects of lung injury caused by mustard gas and also the relationship between this damage and the increased susceptibility of Iranian mustard gas exposed survivors to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Air oxidation of sulfur mustard gas simulants using a pyrene-based metal–organic framework photocatalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2422-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Ayoub ◽  
Mihails Arhangelskis ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Florencia Son ◽  
Timur Islamoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Mustard Gas ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Substitution Pattern ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

We demonstrate a microporous metal–organic framework NU-400 based on a 2,7-disubstituted pyrene linker as a highly efficient photosensitizer for generating singlet oxygen and subsequent oxidative degradation of chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The high activity of NU-400 permits photocatalytic conversion of the 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) mustard gas simulant into a benign sulfoxide derivative, in air, with less than 15 minutes’ half-life. This is a considerable improvement to NU-1000, based on a 1,3,6,8-tetrasubstituted pyrene unit, demonstrating how variation of the substitution pattern of a metal–organic framework linker permits modification of its photoactive behavior.

Comparison of virtual bronchoscopy with fiberoptic bronchoscopy findings in patients exposed to sulfur mustard gas

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1095-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Akhlaghpoor ◽  
Alireza Aziz Ahari ◽  
Abbas Arjmand Shabestari ◽  
Mostafa Ghanei ◽  
Hamideh Ale Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy ◽  
Virtual Bronchoscopy ◽  
Mustard Gas

Protection of half sulfur mustard gas-induced lung injury in guinea pigs by antioxidant liposomes

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamali Mukherjee ◽  
William L. Stone ◽  
Hongsong Yang ◽  
Milton G. Smith ◽  
Salil K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Mustard Gas

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Liposome-Encapsulated Glutathione in a Human Epidermal Model Exposed to a Mustard Gas Analog

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Paromov ◽  
Sudha Kumari ◽  
Marianne Brannon ◽  
Naga S. Kanaparthy ◽  
Hongsong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Mustard Gas

Sulfur mustard or mustard gas (HD) and its monofunctional analog, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), or “half-mustard gas,” are alkylating agents that induce DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. HD/CEES are rapidly absorbed in the skin causing extensive injury. We hypothesize that antioxidant liposomes that deliver both water-soluble and lipid-soluble antioxidants protect skin cells from immediate CEES-induced damage via attenuating oxidative stress. Liposomes containing water-soluble antioxidants and/or lipid-soluble antioxidants were evaluated usingin vitromodel systems. Initially, we found that liposomes containing encapsulated glutathione (GSH-liposomes) increased cell viability and attenuated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT cells exposed to CEES. Next, GSH-liposomes were tested in a human epidermal model, EpiDerm. In the EpiDerm, GSH-liposomes administered simultaneously or 1 hour after CEES exposure (2.5 mM) increased cell viability, inhibited CEES-induced loss of ATP and attenuated changes in cellular morphology, but did not reduce caspase-3 activity. These findings paralleled the previously describedin vivoprotective effect of antioxidant liposomes in the rat lung and established the effectiveness of GSH-liposomes in a human epidermal model. This study provides a rationale for use of antioxidant liposomes against HD toxicity in the skin considering further verification in animal models exposed to HD.

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