Single step high-speed printing of continuous silver lines by laser-induced forward transfer

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Puerto ◽  
E. Biver ◽  
A.-P. Alloncle ◽  
Ph. Delaporte
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Forward Transfer

scholarly journals Analysis of the Propagation in High-Speed Interconnects for MIMICs by Means of the Method of Analytical Preconditioning: A New Highly Efficient Evaluation of the Coefficient Matrix

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Mario Lucido
Keyword(s):  
Integral Equation ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Integral Theorem ◽  
Acceleration Technique ◽  
Cauchy Integral Theorem ◽  
Integral Equation Formulation ◽  
High Speed Interconnects

The method of analytical preconditioning combines the discretization and the analytical regularization of a singular integral equation in a single step. In a recent paper by the author, such a method has been applied to a spectral domain integral equation formulation devised to analyze the propagation in polygonal cross-section microstrip lines, which are widely used as high-speed interconnects in monolithic microwave and millimeter waves integrated circuits. By choosing analytically Fourier transformable expansion functions reconstructing the behavior of the fields on the wedges, fast convergence is achieved, and the convolution integrals are expressed in closed form. However, the coefficient matrix elements are one-dimensional improper integrals of oscillating and, in the worst cases, slowly decaying functions. In this paper, a novel technique for the efficient evaluation of such kind of integrals is proposed. By means of a procedure based on Cauchy integral theorem, the general coefficient matrix element is written as a linear combination of fast converging integrals. As shown in the numerical results section, the proposed technique always outperforms the analytical asymptotic acceleration technique, especially when highly accurate solutions are required.

Performance of a Matrix Type High Speed Steel after Deep Cryogenic and Low Tempering Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1423-1429
Author(s):  
Kaweewat Worasaen ◽  
Andreas Stark ◽  
Karuna Tuchinda ◽  
Piyada Suwanpinij
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Matrix Type ◽  
Bcc Structure

A matrix type high speed steel YXR3 designed for a combination of wear resistance and toughness is investigated for its mechanical properties after hardening by deep cryogenic treatment follow by tempering. The deep cryogenic quenching carried out at -200 °C for 36 hours and the single step tempering results in an obvious improvement in wear resistance while balancing the toughness, comparing with the conventional quenching followed by a double tempering treatment. The quantitative image analysis reveals little difference in the MC carbide size distribution between tempering at different temperatures. The synchrotron high energy XRD confirms the MC type carbide with some evolution in its orientation together with tempered martensite approaching the BCC structure at higher temperatures. In contrary to the conventional quenching and tempering, the lowest tempering temperature at 200 °C yields a moderate drop in hardness with increase in surface toughness proportionally while exhibiting exceptional wear resistance. Such thermal cycle can be recommended for the industry both for the practicality and improved tool life.

Alternative technology concepts for low-cost and high-speed 2D and 3D interconnect manufacturing

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 000001-000006
Author(s):  
F. Roozeboom ◽  
M. Smets ◽  
B. Kniknie ◽  
M. Hoppenbrouwers ◽  
G. Dingemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Thermal Mode ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sidewall Passivation

The current industrial process of choice for Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE) of 3D features, e.g. Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs), Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS), etc., is the Bosch process, which uses alternative SF6 etch cycles and C4F8-based sidewall passivation cycles in a time-sequenced mode. An alternative, potentially faster and more accurate process is to have wafers pass under spatially-divided reaction zones, which are individually separated by so-called N2-gas bearings ‘curtains’ of heights down to 10–20 μm. In addition, the feature sidewalls can be protected by replacing the C4F8-based sidewall passivation cycles by cycles forming chemisorbed and highly uniform passivation layers of Al2O3 or SiO2 deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), also in a spatially-divided mode. ALD is performed either in thermal mode, or plasma-assisted mode in order to achieve near room-temperature processing. For metal filling of 3D-etched TSVs, or for deposition of 2D metal conductor lines one can use Laser-Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) of metals. LIFT is a maskless, ‘solvent’-free deposition method, utilizing different types of pulsed lasers to deposit thin material (e.g. Cu, Au, Al, Cr) layers with μm-range resolution from a transparent carrier (ribbon) onto a close-by acceptor substrate. It is a dry, single-step, room temperature process in air, suitable for different types of interconnect fabrication, e.g. TSV filling and redistribution layers (RDL), without the use of wet chemistry.

scholarly journals Overlapping Limitations for ps-Pulsed LIFT Printing of High Viscosity Metallic Pastes

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Munoz-Martin ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Miguel Morales ◽  
Carlos Molpeceres
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Laser Pulse Energy ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Single Step ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Forward Transfer ◽  
Micron Size ◽  
Interference Problems

Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technique has been used for printing a high viscosity (250 Pa·s) commercial silver paste with micron-size particles (1–4 µm). Volumetric pixels (voxels) transferred using single ps laser pulses are overlapped in order to obtain continuous metallic lines. However, interference problems between successive voxels is a major issue that must be solved before obtaining lines with good morphologies. The effects of the laser pulse energy, thickness of the donor paste film, and distance between successive voxels on the morphology of single voxels and lines are discussed. Due to the high viscosity of the paste, the void in the donor film after a printing event remains, and it negatively affects the physical transfer mechanism of the next laser pulses. When two laser pulses are fired at a short distance, there is no transfer at all. Only when the pulses are separated by a distance long enough to avoid interference but short enough to allow overlapping (≈100 µm), is it possible to print continuous lines in a single step. Finally, the knowledge obtained has allowed the printing of silver lines at high speeds (up to 60 m/s).

scholarly journals Dynamics of high-speed micro-drop impact: numerical simulations and experiments at frame-to-frame times below 100 ns

Soft Matter ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1708-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claas Willem Visser ◽  
Philipp Erhard Frommhold ◽  
Sander Wildeman ◽  
Robert Mettin ◽  
Detlef Lohse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Drop Impact ◽  
Forward Transfer

Technologies including (3D-) (bio-)printing, diesel engines, laser-induced forward transfer, and spray cleaning require optimization and therefore understanding of micrometer-sized droplets impacting at velocities beyond 10 m s−1.

scholarly journals Laser-induced forward transfer of viscoplastic fluids

2019 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziyar Jalaal ◽  
Martin Klein Schaarsberg ◽  
Claas-Willem Visser ◽  
Detlef Lohse
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Forward Transfer ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a nozzle-free printing technology that can be used for two- and three-dimensional printing. In LIFT, a laser pulse creates an impulse inside a thin film of material that results in the formation of a liquid jet. We experimentally study LIFT of viscoplastic materials by visualizing the process of jetting with high-speed imaging. The shape of the jet depends on the laser energy, focal height, surface tension and material rheology. We theoretically identify the characteristic jetting velocity and how it depends on the control parameters, and define non-dimensional groups to classify the regimes of jetting. Based on the results, we propose the optimal conditions for printing with LIFT technology.

Experimental appraisal of hydrodynamic performance and motion of a single-stepped high-speed vessel in calm water and regular waves

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622096812
Author(s):  
Sayyed Mahdi Sajedi ◽  
Parviz Ghadimi ◽  
Aliakbar Ghadimi ◽  
Mohammad Sheikholeslami
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Regular Waves ◽  
Height Range ◽  
Step Model ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Calm Water ◽  
Laboratory Models

High-speed vessels exhibit various motions and accelerations in calm water and sea waves. For examining the behavior of high-speed vessels, it is possible to examine these movements in laboratory models. In this paper, a single-step model in calm water is experimentally tested and compared with a model of no step. The speed range of these vessels is 1 m/s to 9 m/s equivalent to Beam Froude numbers of 0.43 to 3.87. During these experiments, the resistance parameters, trim, bow, and stern rise-up as well as the center of the gravity are measured. The non-step model has longitudinal instability at a speed of 8 m/s. This instability is avoided when the vessel is equipped by a transversal step. The vessel's trim and resistance are also reduced in the planing mode in calm water. Subsequently, hydrodynamic performance and its seakeeping condition in the planing regime are investigated for both vessels in regular waves. The single-step and non-step vessels are tested in the wavelength range of [Formula: see text], and the wave height range of 6 to 18 centimeters. It is observed that stepped vessel experiences lower motions and bow accelerations and less added resistance in comparison to the non-stepped vessel.

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