scholarly journals Dendritic Cells Are Central Coordinators of the Host Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 1327-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Schindler ◽  
Maximiliano G. Gutierrez ◽  
Andreas Beineke ◽  
Yvonne Rauter ◽  
Manfred Rohde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection

Impact of immunosuppressive agents on clinical manifestations and outcome of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection – A propensity score matched analysis in two large, prospectively evaluated cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Camp ◽  
Lina Glaubitz ◽  
Tim Filla ◽  
Achim J Kaasch ◽  
Frieder Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SAB) is a common, life-threatening infection. The impact of immunosuppressive agents on the outcome of patients with SAB is incompletely understood. Methods Data from two large prospective, international, multicenter cohort studies (INSTINCT and ISAC) between 2006 and 2015 were analyzed. Patients receiving immunosuppressive agents were identified and a 1:1 propensity score (PS) matched analysis was performed to adjust for baseline characteristics of patients. Overall survival and time to SAB-related late complications (SAB relapse, infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, or other deep-seated manifestations) were analyzed by Cox regression and competing risk analyses, respectively. This approach was then repeated for specific immunosuppressive agents (corticosteroids [CSMT] and immunosuppressive agents other than steroids [IMOTS]). Results Of 3,188 analyzed patients, 309 were receiving immunosuppressive treatment according to our definitions and were matched to 309 non-immunosuppressed patients. After PS matching, baseline characteristics were well balanced. In the Cox regression analysis, we observed no significant difference in survival between the two groups (death during follow-up: 105/309 (33.9 %) immunosuppressed patients vs. 94/309 (30.4 %) non-immunosuppressed, hazard ratio 1.20 (95% CI 0.84–1.71). Competing risk analysis showed a cause-specific hazard ratio (CSHR) of 1.81 (95% CI 0.85–3.87) for SAB-related late-complications in patients receiving immunosuppressive agents. CSHR was higher in patients taking IMOTS (3.69; 95% CI 1.41–9.68). Conclusions Immunosuppressive agents were not associated with an overall higher mortality. The risk for SAB-related late complications in patients receiving specific immunosuppressive agents such as IMOTs warrants further investigations.

scholarly journals Failure To Recruit Anti-Inflammatory CD103+Dendritic Cells and a Diminished CD4+Foxp3+Regulatory T Cell Pool in Mice That Display Excessive Lung Inflammation and Increased Susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1128-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai ◽  
Lech Ignatowicz ◽  
Andrzej Pawlowski ◽  
Gunilla Källenius ◽  
Markus Sköld
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tnf Α

Susceptibility toMycobacterium tuberculosisis characterized by excessive lung inflammation, tissue damage, and failure to control bacterial growth. To increase our understanding of mechanisms that may regulate the host immune response in the lungs, we characterized dendritic cells expressing CD103 (αEintegrin) (αE-DCs) and CD4+Foxp3+regulatory T (Treg) cells duringM. tuberculosisinfection. In resistant C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, the number of lung αE-DCs increased dramatically duringM. tuberculosisinfection. In contrast, highly susceptible DBA/2 mice failed to recruit αE-DCs even during chronic infection. Even though tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is produced by multiple DCs and macrophage subsets and is required for control of bacterial growth, αE-DCs remained TNF-α negative. Instead, αE-DCs contained a high number of transforming growth factor beta-producing cells in infected mice. Further, we show that Tregcells in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice induce gamma interferon during pulmonary tuberculosis. In contrast to resistant mice, the Tregcell population was diminished in the lungs, but not in the draining pulmonary lymph nodes (PLN), of highly susceptible mice during chronic infection. Tregcells have been reported to inhibitM. tuberculosis-specific T cell immunity, leading to increased bacterial growth. Still, despite the reduced number of lung Tregcells in DBA/2 mice, the bacterial load in the lungs was increased compared to resistant animals. Our results show that αE-DCs and Tregcells that may regulate the host immune response are increased inM. tuberculosis-infected lungs of resistant mice but diminished in infected lungs of susceptible mice.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: risk factors and clinical outcome in non-intensive-care units

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho Naves ◽  
Natália Vaz da Trindade ◽  
Paulo Pinto Gontijo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection

INTRODUCTION: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is spread out in hospitals across different regions of the world and is regarded as the major agent of nosocomial infections, causing infections such as skin and soft tissue pneumonia and sepsis. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for methicillin-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (BSI) and the predictive factors for death. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of fifty-one patients presenting bacteraemia due to S. aureus between September 2006 and September 2008 was analysed. Staphylococcu aureus samples were obtained from blood cultures performed by clinical hospital microbiology laboratory from the Uberlândia Federal University. Methicillinresistance was determined by growth on oxacillin screen agar and antimicrobial susceptibility by means of the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: We found similar numbers of MRSA (56.8%) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (43.2%) infections, and the overall hospital mortality ratio was 47%, predominantly in MRSA group (70.8% vs. 29.2%) (p=0.05). Age (p=0.02) was significantly higher in MRSA patients as also was the use of central venous catheter (p=0.02). The use of two or more antimicrobial agents (p=0.03) and the length of hospital stay prior to bacteraemia superior to seven days (p=0.006) were associated with mortality. High odds ratio value was observed in cardiopathy as comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Despite several risk factors associated with MRSA and MSSA infection, the use of two or more antimicrobial agents was the unique independent variable associated with mortality.

scholarly journals Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Placement Is an Underrecognized Source of Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloise D. Austin ◽  
Sean B. Sullivan ◽  
Susan Whittier ◽  
Franklin D. Lowy ◽  
Anne-Catrin Uhlemann
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Catheter Placement ◽  
Intravenous Catheter ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia ◽  
Peripheral Intravenous Catheter ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Life Threatening Complication ◽  
Intravenous Catheters

Abstract Few studies have focused on the risks of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVs) as sources for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB), a life-threatening complication. We identified 34 PIV-related infections (7.6%) in a cohort of 445 patients with SAB. Peripheral intravenous catheter-related SAB was associated with significantly longer bacteremia duration and thrombophlebitis at old PIV sites rather than current PIVs.

scholarly journals Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1271-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cortney E. Heim ◽  
Megan E. Bosch ◽  
Kelsey J. Yamada ◽  
Amy L. Aldrich ◽  
Sujata S. Chaudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Host Immune Response
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