Comparison of the Heavy Smoking Index and of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence in a sample of 749 cigarette smokers

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1474-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Chabrol ◽  
Michel Niezborala ◽  
Evelyne Chastan ◽  
Jose de Leon
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Smoking Index

scholarly journals Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence vs heavy smoking index in a general population survey

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pérez-Ríos ◽  
MI Santiago-Pérez ◽  
B Alonso ◽  
A Malvar ◽  
X Hervada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
General Population Survey ◽  
Smoking Index

scholarly journals Menthol Cigarettes and Smoking Cessation among Adult Smokers in the US

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-256
Author(s):  
Liane M. Schneller ◽  
Maansi Bansal-Travers ◽  
Martin C. Mahoney ◽  
Susan E. McCann ◽  
Richard J. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Delivery Method ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Menthol Cigarettes ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mentholated Cigarette ◽  
Smoking Index

Objectives: In this study, we identified differences in cessation, nicotine dependence, and quit attempts between smokers using non-menthol cigarettes and smokers using menthol cigarettes differing in menthol delivery method (eg, menthol in the tobacco only, crushable capsules only or both). Methods: We analyzed data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, Waves 1 and 2 (W1 and W2), to determine associations of delivery method of menthol with cessation, nicotine dependence, and quit attempts among current adult cigarette smokers. Results: Nearly 40% of US smokers reported using a mentholated cigarette product with most using a product mentholated in the tobacco only. Smokers included in this analysis had a moderate to low heaviness of smoking index score. The lowest average score was among those using products mentholated in a filter capsule only (1.3, SE = .10), and the highest among those using non-mentholated products (2.4, SE = .03). About 12% of smokers quit between W1 and W2. Cessation, nicotine dependence, and quit attempts at W2 were not associated with delivery method of menthol at W1. Conclusions: Method of menthol delivery did not impact cessation, nicotine dependence, and quit attempts.

Clarifying the Genetic Influences on Nicotine Dependence and Quantity of Use in Cigarette Smokers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Verhulst ◽  
Shaunna L. Clark ◽  
Jingchun Chen ◽  
Hermine H. Maes ◽  
Xiangning Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Cigarette Smokers

scholarly journals Psychometric Evaluation of the E-cigarette Dependence Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1556-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan E Morean ◽  
Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin ◽  
Steve Sussman ◽  
Jonathan Foulds ◽  
Howard Fishbein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Test Criterion ◽  
Scalar Invariant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Dependence Scale ◽  
Cigarette Dependence

Abstract Introduction Psychometrically sound measures of e-cigarette dependence are lacking. Methods We modified the PROMIS Item Bank v1.0—Smoking: Nicotine Dependence for All Smokers for use with e-cigarettes and evaluated the psychometrics of the 22-, 8-, and 4-item adapted versions, referred to as The E-cigarette dependence scale (EDS). Adults (1009) who reported using e-cigarettes at least weekly completed an anonymous survey in summer 2016 (50.2% male, 77.1% White, mean age 35.81 [10.71], 66.4% daily e-cigarette users, 72.6% current cigarette smokers). Psychometric analyses included confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, measurement invariance, examination of mean-level differences, convergent validity, and test-criterion relationships with e-cigarette use outcomes. Results All EDS versions had confirmable, internally consistent latent structures that were scalar invariant by sex, race, e-cigarette use (nondaily/daily), e-liquid nicotine content (no/yes), and current cigarette smoking status (no/yes). Daily e-cigarette users, nicotine e-liquid users, and cigarette smokers reported being more dependent on e-cigarettes than their counterparts. All EDS versions correlated strongly with one another, evidenced convergent validity with the Penn State E-cigarette Dependence Index and time to first e-cigarette use in the morning, and evidenced test-criterion relationships with vaping frequency, e-liquid nicotine concentration, and e-cigarette quit attempts. Similar results were observed when analyses were conducted within subsamples of exclusive e-cigarette users and duals-users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Conclusions Each EDS version evidenced strong psychometric properties for assessing e-cigarette dependence in adults who either use e-cigarette exclusively or who are dual-users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. However, results indicated little benefit of the longer versions over the 4-item EDS, which provides an efficient assessment of e-cigarette dependence. Implications The availability of the novel, psychometrically sound EDS can further research on a wide range of questions related to e-cigarette use and dependence. In addition, the overlap between the EDS and the original PROMIS that was developed for assessing nicotine dependence to cigarettes provides consistency within the field.

scholarly journals Heaviness of Smoking Index, Number of Cigarettes Smoked and the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence Among Adult Male Malaysians

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.H. Lim ◽  
M. Feisul Idzwan ◽  
M.G. Sumarni ◽  
C.C. Kee ◽  
N.M. Amal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Smoking Index

scholarly journals A Comparison of Dependence across Different Types of Nicotine Containing Products and Coffee

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Karl Fagerstrom
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Nicotine Replacement ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Smoking Index

Introduction: Few studies have compared the dependence to different tobacco and nicotine products. Even less is known about how it relates to dependence on other common drugs, e.g., caffeine. In this study degree of dependence was compared between snus, cigarettes, nicotine replacement (NR), electronic cigarettes and coffee. Methods: A random sample of Swedish citizens belonging to an internet panel were contacted from September to October 2017. The responders were asked among other related things about their use of snus, NR, traditional cigarette or e-cigarette use and coffee consumption. The indicators of dependence used were: (A) the Heavy Smoking Index, (B) The proportions that used within 30 min after raising in the morning, (C) rating the first use in the morning as the most important and (D) Stating that it would be very hard to give up entirely. Results: Significantly fewer coffee drinkers started use within 30 min of awakening compared with all other products. The first use of the day was found to be more important for snus users compared with other products. On HSI there was no difference between snus and cigarettes. Snus and cigarettes were rated as being more difficult to give up than NR and coffee. Conclusion: Dependence to traditional cigarettes and snus seem to be relatively similar while NR was rated lower and coffee lowest. Since the prevalence of caffeine use in all forms is so much more prevalent than nicotine there might be more persons in the society heavily dependent on caffeine. Implication: Tobacco products are likely more dependence forming than NR products and coffee although there might be more people dependent on caffeine. The addiction to coffee or caffeine is seldom discussed in the society probably because of the little or no harm it causes. Funding: The Snus Commission in Sweden (snuskommissionen) funded the data collection. No funding used for the analysis and writing of manuscript.

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