scholarly journals Use of CCTV to determine road accident factors in urban areas

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Conche ◽  
Miles Tight
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Accident

scholarly journals Road Traffic Accidents by 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon'-A Study in Faridpur

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
ASMJ Chowdhury ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
SK Biswas ◽  
RK Saha ◽  
AR Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College

Road traffic accidents in Bangladesh have been rapidly increasing with huge mortality through road accidents each year. There are many causes of road accidents in recent years; one important cause is running of locally made improvised three wheelers (flat bed tricycle) in the urban areas and also on the highways, popularly known as 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon'. This prospective study was carried out in Faridpur Medical College Hospital from January through June 2011, to study the accident patients caused by 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon'. Fifty six (12%) patients were of RTA by 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon' out of a total of 468 patients admitted into our hospital during this period. Most patients (41, 73.21%) were male, highest accidents (24, 42.86%) were observed among 21-30 years age group and most victims (33, 58.93%) were belonged to low socioeconomic status. Commonest (31, 55.36%) victims were passengers of 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon' while maximum number of accidents (46, 82.14%) took place in the urban areas and on the highways. Injury pattern of victims were similar to that found in any other road accident patients. These three wheelers 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon' are run in violating of Bangladesh Motor Vehicles Act (1983) as they are totally unfit for plying on the highways. Strict surveillance against these illegal and risky vehicles on the highways and in the urban areas by law enforcing agencies is required as a measure to reduce the burden of road accidents in our country.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v7i1.10289Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2012;7(1): 06-09

scholarly journals Uncovering the behaviour of road accidents in urban areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 191739
Author(s):  
C. Cabrera-Arnau ◽  
R. Prieto Curiel ◽  
S. R. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Different patterns in the incidence of road accidents are revealed when considering areas with increased levels of urbanization. To understand these patterns, road accident data from England and Wales is explored. In particular, the data are used to (i) generate time series for comparison of the incidence of road accidents in urban as opposed to rural areas, (ii) analyse the relationship between the number of road accidents and the population size of a set of urban areas, and (iii) model the likelihood of suffering an accident in an urban area and its dependence with population size. It is observed that minor and serious accidents are more frequent in urban areas, whereas fatal accidents are more likely in rural areas. It is also shown that, generally, the number of accidents in an urban area depends on population size superlinearly, with this superlinear behaviour becoming stronger for lower degrees of severity. Finally, given an accident in an urban area, the probability that the accident is fatal or serious decreases with population size and the probability that it is minor, increases sublinearly. These findings promote the question as to why such behaviours exist, the answer to which will lead to more sustainable urban policies.

Ensuring the civil security in territorial entities

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 980-994
Author(s):  
R.M. Sadykov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
Level I

Subject. As the society faces more and more threats and risks, civil security issues become a priority. The civil security means the protection of a citizen from external and internal threats arising from the societal, natural and technological environments. Objectives. The study evaluates threats and civil security in territorial units. Methods. I applied methods of the comparative analysis, results of sociological surveys and official statistics. Results. What seems to put people at peril at the local level is mushrooming threats of emergencies. Evaluating the security of the urban environment, I should point out low road accident rates, good fire safety, more preventive public security actions for people and businesses. In the mean time, I mention weaknesses, such as buildings in residential areas that can be destroyed by land slides, residential areas exposed to karst hazards, floods in cities and houses during spring tides, few people having access to central communication channels, its obsolescence, low capacity and insufficient ramification of sewage networks, etc. Conclusions and Relevance. There should be a conceptual smart city model, which would refer to the public feedback on the urban environment. At the municipal level, I should prioritize the improvement of emergency prevention practices, expansion and development of video surveillance in publicly important places, air pollution monitoring, rehabilitation of the existing sewage network, geological surveys of karst hazards in urban areas, etc.

scholarly journals ROAD ACCIDENT ESTIMATION MODEL IN URBAN AREAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Serban RAICU ◽  
Dorinela COSTESCU ◽  
Stefan BURCIU ◽  
Florin RUSCA ◽  
Mircea ROSCA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Accident Estimation

scholarly journals Spatial Econometric Analysis of Road Traffic Crashes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2492
Author(s):  
Tibor Sipos ◽  
Anteneh Afework Mekonnen ◽  
Zsombor Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Keeping the basic principles of sustainable development, it must be highlighted that decisions about transport safety projects must be made following expert preparation, using reliable, professional methods. A prerequisite for the cost–benefit analysis of investments is to constantly monitor the efficiency of accident forecasting models and to update these continuously. This paper presents an accident forecasting model for urban areas, which handles both the properties of the public road infrastructure and spatial dependency relations. As the aim was to model the urban environment, we focused on the road public transportation modes (bus and trolley) and the vulnerable road users (bicyclist) using shared infrastructure elements. The road accident data from 2016 to 2018 on the whole road network of Budapest, Hungary, is analyzed, focusing on road links (i.e., road segments between junctions) by applying spatial econometric statistical models. As a result of this article, we have developed a model that can be used by decision-makers as well, which is suitable for estimating the expected value of accidents, and thus for the development of the optimal sequence of appropriate road safety interventions.

Application of information on road occurrences for the assessment of the social risk of some types of accidents (Zastosowanie informacji o zdarzeniach drogowych do oceny ryzyka społecznego wypadków)

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Anna Borucka ◽  
Małgorzata Grzelak ◽  
Andrzej Świderski ◽  
Arkadiusz Jóźwiak
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Traffic Incidents ◽  
The Social

Every year, in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, around 2 600 road accidents occur, resulting in about 140 death casualties and a further 3200 injuries. For many years there has been a noticeable decrease in the number of traffic incidents in the study area, but the number of fatalities is still high. Therefore, it is crucial to research to determine the causes of the above phenomenon continually. The article aimed to assess the social risk of road accidents based on a two-factor model. Traffic events occurring in built-up and undeveloped areas, depending on the date of their occurrence, were analyzed. The number of accidents and participating vehicles related to the average daily traffic volume was adopted as the measure. The analysis showed that regardless of the area, most events occur on Fridays. Besides, the highest volume of traffic is also recorded on these days of the week. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that March and April are the months with the highest social risk regarding road accidents, both in urban and extra-urban areas. Finally, the relative risk of road accidents in built-up and undeveloped areas was compared. On this basis, it was found that the risk of participation in a road accident in the urban zone is over six times greater than the risk of an event occurring in the extra-urban area (even though urban roads represent only 22% of all road infrastructure in the Pomeranian Voivodeship). Każdego roku na terenie województwa pomorskiego rocznie dochodzi do około 2600 wy-padków drogowych w wyniku, których śmierć ponosi ok 140 osób a kolejnych 3 200 zosta-je rannych. Od wielu lat zauważalny jest spadek liczby zdarzeń komunikacyjnych na bada-nym obszarze, niemniej jednak liczba ofiar śmiertelnych wciąż jest na wysokim poziomie. Dlatego ważnym jest ciągłe pro-wadzenie badań mających na celu ustalenie przyczyn po-wyższego zjawiska. Celem artykułu była ocena ryzyka społecznego powstawania wypadków drogowych przeprowadzona w oparciu o model dwuczynnikowy. Analizie poddano zdarze-nia komunikacyjne mające miejsce na terenie zabudowanym i niezabudowanym w zależ-ności od daty ich powstania. Za miarę przyjęto liczbę wypadków oraz pojazdów w nich uczestniczących w odniesieniu do średniodobowego natężenia ruchu na drogach. Analiza wykazała, że niezależnie od obszaru, najwięcej zdarzeń ma miejsce w piątki. Ponadto, w te dni tygodnia odnotowuje się również największe natężenie ruchu. W wyniku przeprowa-dzonych badań stwierdzono, że marzec i kwiecień są miesiącami o największym ryzyku społecznym dotyczą-cym wypadków drogowych, zarówno w obszarze miejskim i pozamiejskim. Ostatecznie dokonano porównania ryzyka względnego powstawania wy-padków drogowych w terenie zabudowanym i nie-zabudowanym. Na tej podstawie stwier-dzono, że ryzyko uczestnictwa w wypadku drogowym w strefie miejskiej jest przeszło sze-ściokrotnie większe od ryzyka powstania zdarzenia w strefie pozamiejskiej (pomimo, że drogi miejskie stanowią wyłącznie 22% całej infrastruktury drogowej na terenie wojewódz-twa pomorskiego).

Management of minor ailments in primary schoolchildren in rural and urban areas

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
J A Cantrill ◽  
B Johannesson ◽  
M Nicholson ◽  
P R Noyce
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Minor Ailments

Cannabis use in Switzerland: The role of attribution of drug use to friends, urbanization and repression 1The study was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG) Grant 316.96.5980.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Individual Use

Cannabis use does not show homogeneous patterns in a country. In particular, urbanization appears to influence prevalence rates, with higher rates in urban areas. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze these structural influences on individuals in Switzerland. Data for this analysis were taken from the Switzerland survey of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, the most recent survey to assess drug use in a nationally representative sample of 3473 15-year-olds. A total of 1487 male and 1620 female students indicated their cannabis use and their attributions of drug use to friends. As second level variables we included address density in the 26 Swiss Cantons as an indicator of urbanization and officially recorded offences of cannabis use in the Cantons as an indicator of repressive policy. Attribution of drug use to friends is highly correlated with cannabis use. The correlation is even more pronounced in urban Cantons. However, no association between recorded offences and cannabis use was found. The results suggest that structural variables influence individuals. Living in an urban area effects the attribution of drug use to friends. On the other hand repressive policy does not affect individual use.

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