scholarly journals Spatial Econometric Analysis of Road Traffic Crashes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2492
Author(s):  
Tibor Sipos ◽  
Anteneh Afework Mekonnen ◽  
Zsombor Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Keeping the basic principles of sustainable development, it must be highlighted that decisions about transport safety projects must be made following expert preparation, using reliable, professional methods. A prerequisite for the cost–benefit analysis of investments is to constantly monitor the efficiency of accident forecasting models and to update these continuously. This paper presents an accident forecasting model for urban areas, which handles both the properties of the public road infrastructure and spatial dependency relations. As the aim was to model the urban environment, we focused on the road public transportation modes (bus and trolley) and the vulnerable road users (bicyclist) using shared infrastructure elements. The road accident data from 2016 to 2018 on the whole road network of Budapest, Hungary, is analyzed, focusing on road links (i.e., road segments between junctions) by applying spatial econometric statistical models. As a result of this article, we have developed a model that can be used by decision-makers as well, which is suitable for estimating the expected value of accidents, and thus for the development of the optimal sequence of appropriate road safety interventions.

scholarly journals An Assessment on the Locational Pattern of Petrol Filling Stations along Lasu-Isheri Road Corridor

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-29
Author(s):  
Esther O. Akinsulire ◽  
Samson O. Fadare
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
On The Road

This study aimed at assessing the location and spatial distribution of petrol filling stations along LASU/Isheri Road, Ojo, Lagos state. The objectives are to map out all the petrol filling stations in along Lasu/Isheri road; to examine the volume of traffic along the road corridor; to determine the contribution of petrol filling stations to the traffic volume on the road, and to ascertain the road traffic challenges that are caused by the petrol filling stations (PFS). Geographical Positioning System (GPS) was employed to collect primary data; also, questionnaires and traffic count sheets were employed. The study found that the PFS along the road corridor is clustered with a Z-score of -7.34 and NNI of 0.440285. Also, the maximum peak hour volume was estimated to be 4198.6 pcu/hr. The PFS along the corridor are seen to contribute significantly to the traffic volume on the corridor. Finally, the dominant traffic challenges along the corridor include traffic gridlock which sometimes results into road traffic crashes which are triggered by the concentration of PFS in the study area, the proximity of PFS to a road intersection, overflow of the queue into the roadway, and to a minimal extent parking of tankers along the roadway and lack of setback. This study suggests strategies that can be adopted for locating PFS to ensure the free flow of traffic along the road corridor where they are located.

scholarly journals A Framework to Reduce Road Congestion by means of Data Analytics

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
Anosha Arooj Yousaf ◽  
Najia Saher ◽  
Faisal Shahzad ◽  
Sara Fareed
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Image Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Planning ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Critical Traffic ◽  
Processing Techniques

The density of vehicles on the road especially in urban areas keeps on increasing to large amount day by day. Especially during the peak hours of the day, large amount of people wastes much of their time in traffic signals. Not only they waste energy by burning excess fuel and releasing CO2 emissions in the environment as well as their time and money. An idea has been proposed to monitor the traffic congestion by means of data analytics on image data and solve the critical traffic congestion issue. The CCTV or surveillance cameras installed at the top points on the roads acts as a medium to provide image data as an input to analyze road traffic congestion by counting the number of vehicles under specified interval of time. Monitoring of traffic congestion using image processing techniques is very useful for the future urban road planning such as: 1) if there is a need to make the road wider, 2) if there is a need to add more lanes on the road, 3) if there is need to make flyover or a bridge to control the traffic on the roads. It will help municipalities to structure and expansion of the roads.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON THE ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE ASSESSMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
PETROVICI ALINA ◽  
TOMOZEI CLAUDIA ◽  
NEDEFF FLORIN ◽  
IRIMIA OANA ◽  
PANAINTE-LEHADUS MIRELA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Noise Mapping ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

<p>This paper presents a synthesis of current state of the assessment of road traffic noise in urban areas considering economic, social and legal aspects. Therefore, there were described several prediction methods of the urban traffic noise. These methods are useful in calculating the exposure of the population at noise levels which exceed the permissible limits. Mapping is one of the most common methods used for the assessment of noise. Whether it is industrial, airport, rail or road traffic noise, noise mapping provides accurate data needed later in developing action plans against noise. The road traffic noise assessments are performed periodically, and a representative picture of the noise in the analysed areas is obtained. Then, the action plans can be developed in order to reduce road traffic noise, where it is necessary.</p>

scholarly journals Prevention of victimization in the area of road traffic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Petr Gennad'evich Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
On The Road

The subject of this research is the preventive measures aimed at elimination of victimization that within the framework of road traffic in the Russian Federation. The object of this research is the social relations of victimhood that arise among all road users. The author carefully examines such aspects of the topic as forms of victimhood in the area of road traffic, measures that should be implemented for elimination of victimization in the area of road traffic, and provides practical example of victimhood caused by road accident. Special attention is given to preventive measures aimed at elimination of victimization in the area of road traffic in the Russian Federation. The main conclusion lies in the statement that from the practical perspective, the effectiveness of preventive measures aimed at solution of the problem of victimization lies in the interest of the road users in maintaining safety through the appearance of the consequences of road accidents, stiffening of penalties for breach of legislative regulations, realization of responsibility both for one's self and loved ones. The author&rsquo;s special contribution consists in providing definition to the two forms of victimhood in the area of road traffic: 1) careless, caused by unintentionally by lack of experience of road users, substantiated by situational behavior of persons with poor sense of spatial environment; 1) reckless, caused by neglecting the road traffic regulations, provocative behavior on the road. The novelty of this work consists in the use of the relevant legal precedent that describes the victim side of road users.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Safety Development Trends in Latvia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-75
Author(s):  
Juris Kreicbergs ◽  
Juris Smirnovs ◽  
Aldis Lama ◽  
Janis Smirnovs ◽  
Atis Zarins
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Road ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
On The Road

The main focus of this article is on the road traffic safety development trends in Latvia. Soon after the regain of independence at the beginning of the 1990s, road traffic safety characteristics in Latvia were the worst in the Latvian history. The increase of car availability and affordability made the car a major road vehicle. The implementation of road safety programmes contributed to essential improvement of road traffic safety in Latvia. The number of road accident fatalities in 2020 compared to 1991 decreased more than sevenfold. Nevertheless, the current Latvian road traffic safety statistics is well below the average level of the EU member states and even the pandemics did not cause similar reduction as in most member states. This indicates that great improvement is still needed. The article shows the Latvian experience in road traffic safety enhancements and discusses the measures to improve road traffic safety.

Analysis of Pedestrian Movement on Delhi Roads by Using Naturalistic Observation Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 2634 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhaya Jha ◽  
Geetam Tiwari ◽  
Dinesh Mohan ◽  
Sudipto Mukherjee ◽  
Subhashish Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pedestrian Behavior ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Space ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
Indian Cities

Pedestrian fatalities constitute about 30% of the deaths caused by road traffic crashes in India. The proportion of pedestrian fatalities in large cities (Delhi, Mumbai, etc.) varies from 50% to 60% and is about 20% to 30% on national and state highways. Pedestrians are present on all road categories in urban as well as rural areas. At least 20% to 40% of work trips are taken as pedestrian trips in most Indian cities. However, on pedestrian facilities such as footpaths, safe crossing facilities are not present in most Indian cities. Even when present, their poor maintenance and poor construction quality make them unusable. As a result, pedestrians are forced to share the road space with motorized vehicles and to cross the roads where there is no safe pedestrian crossing. This paper attempts to study pedestrian behavior—walking along the road and crossing the road—by detecting pedestrians with the use of a vehicle-mounted camera. The vehicle is driven on various categories of roads at different times. The data collected with this method are varied temporally as well as spatially. A smartphone–based GPS logging app was used to collect telemetry data, which were synced with the camera feed. The objective of this study was to understand pedestrian behavior—walking on the road versus a footpath in the presence of various road features, such as the number of lanes, presence of medians, and presence of footpaths. The influence of the presence of public transport stops, junctions, foot bridges, and grade-separated junctions (flyover) on pedestrian crossing behavior was studied.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis to Identify Pedestrian Crash Zones: A Case Study of School Zones in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-181
Author(s):  
Somluk Bunnarong ◽  
Prapatpong Upala
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
On The Road

Background:In Thailand, it has the second highest road traffic fatality rate in the world at 36.2 deaths per 100,000 populations. The pedestrian crash zones are based on the road and physical environment, vehicle and driver behavior and pedestrian behavior, especially the area around the school. Therefore, this paper would like to improve safety by identifying crash area through Geographic Information Systems (GIS).Objective:The objective of this paper is to identify pedestrian crash zones of primary schools and secondary schools in Bangkok, Thailand through the spatial analysis and GIS tool.Method:The research methodology was the data collection from pedestrian-vehicle crashes in 2016 at 12 schools of 1,218 locations in Bangkok. The data analysis used GIS for geocoding the crash locations. The spatial patterns and pedestrian crash zone map were applied by Moran’s I statistic and the Kernel Density Estimation (KDE).Results:The Moran’s index showed that the accident locations within school zone were a clustered pattern considering on Moran’s Index which approached +1 and the z-scores greater than 2.58. The KDE showed that the pedestrian crash zones were different depending on the physical environment; however, the most significant areas were at urban areas, crowded areas, and intersections of arterial roads and local roads about 508 meters from the school center.Conclusion:This research could be concluded that the spatial patterns and pedestrian crash zone map will assist the transportation planners and traffic police for identifying crash locations and specific vulnerable road users, especially pedestrians and bicycle users.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON THE ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE ASSESSMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
ALINA PETROVICI ◽  
CLAUDIA TOMOZEI ◽  
FLORIN NEDEFF ◽  
OANA IRIMIA ◽  
MIRELA PANAINTE-LEHADUS
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Noise Mapping ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

This paper presents a synthesis of current state of the assessment of road traffic noise in urban areas considering economic, social and legal aspects. Therefore, there were described several prediction methods of the urban traffic noise. These methods are useful in calculating the exposure of the population at noise levels which exceed the permissible limits. Mapping is one of the most common methods used for the assessment of noise. Whether it is industrial, airport, rail or road traffic noise, noise mapping provides accurate data needed later in developing action plans against noise. The road traffic noise assessments are performed periodically, and a representative picture of the noise in the analysed areas is obtained. Then, the action plans can be developed in order to reduce road traffic noise, where it is necessary.

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS – THE WAY TO EFFECTIVE TRAFFIC SAFETY MANAGEMENT ON ROADS

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Tetiana Bondar ◽  
Olga Belenchuk ◽  
Yevhen Tepliuk ◽  
Oleksandr Pyna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Road safety management begins with a detailed analysis of accidents, which is reflected in Article 24 of the Law of Ukraine “On Road Traffic” which states that when performing repairs and maintenance of roads, streets and railway crossings road maintenance organizations in the first place should take measures for road safety on the basis of accounting and analysis of road accidents, results of inspections and surveys of roads, streets and railway crossings, and especially in emergency and dangerous areas and in places of concentration of road accidents. The problem of reducing the accident rate and reducing the number of victims of road accidents during the maintenance of roads has so far been solved mainly by identifying areas (places) of concentration of accidents with the development of measures to improve road conditions and improve the organization of traffic on them and conducting annual commission spring and autumn inspections of the road network by representatives of road organizations and the police. However, the areas of concentration of road accidents were not fully covered on the road network of local significance due to the lack of accurate reference of the places of accident in the accident registration cards, as well as they were not identified on the streets and roads of cities and other settlements due to the absence of any criteria for their identification and therefore the maximum efficiency from introduction of management of sites (places) of concentration of road accident isn’t reached. The article analyzes the criteria for determining the areas of concentration of accidents on public roads in different periods, examines the dynamics of the number of areas of concentration of accidents and considers other modern opportunities for effective traffic safety management, in particular, inspection (inspection) of existing roads.

A Groundwork Based Novel Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Amolkirat Singh ◽  
Guneet Saini
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Unexpected Events ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Many people lose their life and/or are injured due to accidents or unexpected events taking place on road networks. Besides traffic jams, these accidents generate a tremendous waste of time and fuel. Undoubtedly, if the vehicles are provided with timely and dynamic information related to road traffic conditions, any unexpected events or accidents, the safety and efficiency of the transportation system with respect to time, distance, fuel consumption and environmentally destructive emissions can be improved. In the field of computer and information science, Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) have recently emerged as an effective tool for improving road safety through propagation of warning messages among the vehicles in the network about potential obstacles on the road ahead. VANET is a research area which is in more demand among the researchers, the automobile industries and scientists to discover about the loopholes and advantages of the vehicular networks so that efficient routing algorithms can be developed which can provide reliable and secure communication among the mobile nodes.In this paper, we propose a Groundwork Based Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (GAODV) focus on how the Road Side Units (RSU’s) utilized in the architecture plays an important role for making the communication reliable. In the interval of finding the suitable path from source to destination the packet loss may occur and the delay also is counted if the required packet does not reach the specified destination on time. So to overcome delay, packet loss and to increase throughput GAODV approach is followed. The performance parameters in the GAODV comes out to be much better than computed in the traditional approach.

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