Characterization of heat-treated CN films fabricated by dual-facing-target sputtering for soft X-ray multilayer mirrors

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Bai ◽  
E.Y. Jiang ◽  
P. Wu ◽  
Z.D. Lou ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Mirrors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Facing Target Sputtering

Microstructure Characterization of the Reaction Interface between CBN Grain and Titanium-Deposited Film

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
Wen Feng Ding ◽  
Yang Min Liang ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectrometer ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Deposited Film

Cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasive grains with surface titanium-deposited film were heat-treated during 550-950°C for 60 min under high vacuum circumstance. Detailed interfacial compounds analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS), differential thermal analysis (DTA) indicates that the interfacial reactions are much dependent on the heating temperature to some extents, and the reaction products, TiN, TiB2 and TiB chiefly form the network structure. In particular, at 950°C the transition layers with excellent performance, CBN/TiB2/TiB/(TiB+TiN)/TiN/CBN, is realized.

Characterization of Mo/B 4 C soft x-ray multilayer mirrors for 7.3- to 8.0-nm radiation

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxia Lu ◽  
Yueying Ma ◽  
Shu Pei ◽  
Jianlin Cao ◽  
Xingdan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Mirrors ◽  
X Ray

SAXS Characterization of Nanochannels in Polymer-Derived SiC Fibers

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1301-1303
Author(s):  
Zeng Yong Chu ◽  
Rong An He ◽  
Xiao Dong Li ◽  
Hai Feng Cheng ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sic Fibers ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Pyrolysis Gases ◽  
Great Potential Application ◽  
Peak Value

In the preparation of polymer-derived SiC fibers, nanochannels are believed to be formed in the early pyrolysis stages due to loss of large volumes of pyrolysis gases. In this paper, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was applied to the characterization and calculation of nanochannels in partiallypyrolyzed SiC fibers. The SAXS measurements showed that nanochannels with a radius of 1.0-20 nm were formed for fibers heat-treated at 973K and 1173K. But their distributions were not continuous and at lower part of the distribution, a peak value was observed at about 1.2nm. This means if the nanochannels are finely controlled, the partially-pyrolyzed SiC fibers have great potential application in the fields of hydrogen storage, gas separation, and so on.

Combine Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Grazing X-ray Reflectance for Fine Characterization of Complex Epitaxial Structures

1995 ◽  
Vol 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Boher ◽  
J. L. Stehle
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Spectroscopic Ellipsometry ◽  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Multilayer Mirrors ◽  
Reflectance Curve ◽  
X Ray

AbstractSpectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) and Grazing X-ray Reflectance (GXR) techniques are applied on different III-V epitaxial structures in order to extract accurately their structural information. Thickness information are obtained directly from Fourier transformation of the GXR spectra and confirmed by simulation of the reflectance curve. Compositions are deduced from SE regression using GXR thickness as input values. Examples on monolayer and bilayer structures are first remembered. Then the potentiality of the method is demonstrated to more complex systems (multilayer mirrors and HEMT structures).

Synthesis and Characterization of α-Phase Silicon Nitride Powders by Direct Nitridation

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 434-436
Author(s):  
Jiu Ming Liu ◽  
Jian Lei Wang ◽  
Shu Xia Ren
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Pure Nitrogen ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Direct Nitridation

Using silicon powders as raw materials, adding nano-silicon nitride as a diluent and NH4Cl3 and FeCl3 as catalysts, α-phase silicon nitride powders were prepared by direct nitridation method. The silicon powders were first milled with 20% α-Si3N4 and 4% NH4Cl3 for 30 minutes. Then the mixture was heat-treated at 1300°C for 1 hour in the pure nitrogen gas. The phases and their content of the as-prepared product were detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the product mainly consisted ofα-Si3N4 with a mass fraction over 92% and were submicron-sized particles．

Structural stability of heat-treated CoN/CN soft X-ray multilayers fabricated by dual-facing-target sputtering

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Bai ◽  
E.Y. Jiang ◽  
C.D. Wang ◽  
R.Y. Tian
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Facing Target Sputtering

XRD and Tem Characterization of Cathodic MnO2 and Discharge Products in the Li-MnO2 Cell

1995 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shao ◽  
S.A. Hackney ◽  
B.C. Cornilsen
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Cathodic Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Convergent Beam

ABSTRACTThe crystal structures of the undischarged, heat-treated electrolytic manganese dioxide (HEMD) and discharge products are characterized by high spatial resolution convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED). The results are compared with the x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns characterized by broad, diffuse peaks. The CBED results for HEMD show that the starting cathodic material has the pyrolusite space group, but with a range of c/a ratios. The variability of the lattice parameter from grain to grain is found to coincide with the broadening on the low angle side of the XRD peaks. The CBED patterns of discharge products suggest a reduction range in c/a ratios and the formation of another phase.

Synthesis and Characterization of YCrxAl1-xO3 Particles by a Reverse Micelle Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae Han Lee ◽  
Ji Young Ock ◽  
Jeong Hoon Son ◽  
Dong Sik Bae
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Micelle ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Inorganic Pigment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Average Size

YCrxAl1-xO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by a reverse micelle processing for inorganic pigment. Y(NO3)2·6H2O, Cr (NO3)2·6H2O and Al (NO3)3·9H2O are used for precursors in order to synthesis YCrxAl1-xO3 nanoparticles. The aqueous solution consists of mixing the molar ratio of Y/Cr/Al at 1:x:1-x and heat treated at 900~1300°C for 2h. The average size and distribution of synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powders was in the range of 10-20nm and narrow, respectively. The average size of the synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powders increased with increasing water to surfactant molar ratio and heating temperature. The crystallinity of synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powder increased with increasing heating temperature. The synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and color spectrophotometer. The properties of the synthesized powders were affected by such variables as molar ratio, heating temperature etc.

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