Avoidance Response of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to Heavy Metal Model Mixtures: A Comparison with Acute Toxicity Tests

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 680-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Svecevičius
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Avoidance Response ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Acute Toxicity Tests

scholarly journals Effects of cypermethrin on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Velisek ◽  
T. Wlasow ◽  
P. Gomulka ◽  
Z. Svobodova ◽  
R. Dobsikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Acute Toxicity Tests ◽  
Gill Lamellae ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Neutrophile Granulocytes

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cypermethrin [(R,S)-&alpha;-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS)-cis,tra-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropane carboxylate] on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The effect was assessed on the basis of the results of acute toxicity tests and on the comparison of results of haematological, biochemical and histopathological tissue examinations of a control and experimental group exposed to Alimetrine 10 EM pesticide preparation (active substance 100 g/l of cypermethrin). The acute semistatical toxicity test lasting 96 h was performed on rainbow trout juveniles. The 96hLC50 value of Alimethrine 10 EM was 31.4&nbsp;&micro;g/l. Examination of erythrocyte, leukocyte and biochemical profile and histopathological tissue examination was performed on 15 control and 15 experimental specimens of one-to-two-year-old rainbow trout after 96 h of exposure to Alimetrine 10 EM in the concentration of 31.4 &micro;g/l. The experimental group showed significantly higher values (P &lt; 0.01) of plasma ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), lactate (LACT) and significantly lower (P &lt; 0.01) values of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) compared to the control group. Also, a significant decrease in count of developmental forms of myeloid sequence, and segmented neutrophile granulocytes in the experimental group were found. Teleangioectasiae of secondary gill lamellae and degeneration of hepatocytes were observed with histopathological examination. No histopathological changes were demonstrated in tissues (skin, spleen, cranial and caudal kidney) of rainbow trout following exposure to cypermethrine. The cypermethrine-based Alimethrinee 10 EM pesticide preparation was classified among substances strongly toxic for fish.

Acute Toxicity of Copper, Cadmium, and zinc to Larvae of the Crab Paragrapus quadridentatus (H. Milne Edwards), and Implications for Water Quality Criteria

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ahsanullah ◽  
GH Arnott
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Acute Toxicity Tests

Acute toxicity tests were carried out on the larvae of P. quadridentatus and 96-h LC50 values of 0.17, 0.49, and 1.23 mg/l were determined for copper, cadmium, and zinc respectively. Potency ratios of the three metals were as follows: Cu/Cd 3.1, Cu/Zn 7.2, and Cd/Zn 2.4. Larvae were found to be nine times more sensitive to zinc and at least 29 times more sensitive to cadmium than were adults. The larval 96-h LC50 values multiplied by an application factor of 0.01 (as recommended in Victorian water quality criteria) results in derived 'safe' concentrations, which in the case of copper and zinc are below the stated 'minimal risk concentrations' of 10 and 20 �g/I respectively. In view of the known greater sensitivity of larvae of many taxa to heavy metal toxicity, the validity of using the same application factor for both adult and larval stages is questioned.

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