scholarly journals Recombinative Generalization: An Exploratory Study in Musical Reading

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ferreira Perez ◽  
Julio C. de Rose
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Recombinative Generalization

Classifying Disfluencies in Preschool- and School-Age Spanish–English Bilinguals Who Do Not Stutter: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Raúl Rojas ◽  
Farzan Irani
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Narrative Production ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
Mean Length Of Utterance

Purpose This exploratory study examined the language skills and the type and frequency of disfluencies in the spoken narrative production of Spanish–English bilingual children who do not stutter. Method A cross-sectional sample of 29 bilingual students (16 boys and 13 girls) enrolled in grades prekindergarten through Grade 4 produced a total of 58 narrative retell language samples in English and Spanish. Key outcome measures in each language included the percentage of normal (%ND) and stuttering-like (%SLD) disfluencies, percentage of words in mazes (%MzWds), number of total words, number of different words, and mean length of utterance in words. Results Cross-linguistic, pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences with medium effect sizes for %ND and %MzWds (both lower for English) as well as for number of different words (lower for Spanish). On average, the total percentage of mazed words was higher than 10% in both languages, a pattern driven primarily by %ND; %SLDs were below 1% in both languages. Multiple linear regression models for %ND and %SLD in each language indicated that %MzWds was the primary predictor across languages beyond other language measures and demographic variables. Conclusions The findings extend the evidence base with regard to the frequency and type of disfluencies that can be expected in bilingual children who do not stutter in grades prekindergarten to Grade 4. The data indicate that %MzWds and %ND can similarly index the normal disfluencies of bilingual children during narrative production. The potential clinical implications of the findings from this study are discussed.

Generalized Learning of Receptive and Expressive Action-Object Responses by Language-Delayed Preschoolers

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Mineo ◽  
Howard Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Delayed ◽  
Matrix Training ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Recombinative Generalization ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Expressive Performance ◽  
Preschool Boys ◽  
Linguistic Aspect ◽  
Multiple Probe

This study examined the effectiveness of matrix-training procedures in teaching action + object utterances in both the receptive and expressive language modalities. The subjects were 4 developmentally delayed preschool boys who failed to produce spontaneous, functional two-word utterances. A multiple baseline design across responses with a multiple probe technique was employed. Subjects were taught 4–6 of 48 receptive and 48 expressive responses. Acquisition of a word combination rule was facilitated by the use of familiar lexical items, whereas subsequent acquisition of new lexical knowledge was enhanced by couching training in a previously trained word combination pattern. Although receptive knowledge was not sufficient for the demonstration of corresponding expressive performance for most of the children, only minimal expressive training was required to achieve this objective. For most matrix items, subjects responded receptively before they did so expressively. For 2 subjects, when complete receptive recombinative generalization had not been achieved, expressive training facilitated receptive responding. The results of this study elucidate benefits to training one linguistic aspect (lexical item, word combination pattern) at a time to maximize generalization in developmentally delayed preschoolers.

An exploratory study from the patients' perspective of living with allergies

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
Wendy Zernike ◽  
Tracie Corish ◽  
Sylvia Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Patients Perspective

An exploratory study of sleep characteristics in a hypodynamic environment.

1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. McKenzie ◽  
Bryce Hartman ◽  
Duane E. Graveline
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study
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