Juvenile delinquency and the juvenile justice system: U.S. and India

1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Jagan Rao Lingamneni
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System

The Importance of Evaluation and Monitoring Within the Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) Mandate

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer H. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Disproportionate Minority Contact ◽  
Prevention Act ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring ◽  
Five Phases

In 2002, the reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 required that states participating in the Formula Grants Program must put forth a good faith effort at addressing juvenile delinquency and the presence of minority youth at all decision-making points of the juvenile justice system without the use of numerical quotas. The last decade has brought about increases in states’ efforts at identifying and assessing the extent of disproportionate minority contact (DMC) across juvenile court contacts. Many states have already implemented or are currently implementing intervention and prevention efforts at reducing DMC. However, the segments of identification, assessment, and intervention are only three of the five phases of the DMC mandate. In light of the progression of the DMC mandate since its original implementation in 1988, the purpose of this essay is to spark discussion on the future of examining DMC in the juvenile justice system through a researcher’s perspective. Various topics that relate to DMC are presented as ideas for readers to consider, as they progress with their research agendas.

Rehabilitation within a Punitive Framework: Responsibilization and Disciplinary Utopia in the French Juvenile Justice System

Youth Justice ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Sallée
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
New Model ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
French Case ◽  
Justice Systems

In most Western countries, juvenile justice systems are confronted with a punitive framing of the problem of juvenile delinquency, which challenges the rehabilitative philosophy behind the first laws for minors passed in the first half of the 20th century. Through a sociohistorical study that focuses on the French case, I decrypt the emergence of a new model of ‘rehabilitation under constraint’, symbolized by the opening of new closed educational centers in 2002, followed by new supposedly rehabilitative prisons in 2007. Based on the neoliberal search for a responsibilization of youths, this model revives an old disciplinary utopia that calls our attention to the presumed need for a ‘return of authority’.

scholarly journals Juvenile Delinquency, Its Causes and Justice System in Bangladesh: A Critical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Kudrat E Khuda
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Low Income Families

Juvenile delinquency and crime are legal definitions rather than specific behavioural or psychiatric syndromes. Since common law is based on theological law, society has historically responded to juvenile delinquency and crime based on moral and religious beliefs regarding the age at which juveniles are criminally responsible rather than from scientific knowledge. Research shows, there is a high percentage of offending among all teenagers, the majority of offences which violate the law are one time occurrences and most often non-violent. Only about 5-10% of adolescents commit violent crimes. This article aims to show how juvenile delinquency is normally belongs to the illiterate and sometimes with low-income families in Bangladesh and how it is impacting negatively on their frequently engage in juvenile crimes. The article also focuses on the juvenile justice system of Bangladesh and provides few recommendations to prevent the juvenile delinquency from society and to more develop its justice system.

Juvenile Delinquents’ Use of Consumption as Cultural Resistance: Implications for Juvenile Reform Programs and Public Policy

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie L. Ozanne ◽  
Ronald Paul Hill ◽  
Newell D. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
Current Reform ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Shed Light

Each year, the juvenile justice system spends billions of dollars to handle approximately 700,000 youths. Yet the rate of recidivism remains high and suggests that this problem and its solutions are not understood fully. The problem of juvenile delinquency exacts a high toll on society in terms of the loss of property, life, and, each year, more disaffected youth. Using ethnographic data as a basis, the authors explore the experiential world of a group of institutionalized, young offenders. By focusing on the meaning of crime and consumption for these youths, the authors hope to shed light on how crime and consumption are used to produce a style of resistance. In the meaning of their possessions, these juvenile delinquents both affirm and disaffirm some of the dominant values in society. The authors use these impulses in the youths’ lives to inform the conduct of current reform programs, as well as public policy.

scholarly journals La réaction sociale à la délinquance juvénile

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Past History ◽  
Social Reaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Police Level

AbstractJUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND SOCIAL REACTIONThe object of this research is to define the process of social reaction to juvenile delinquency, as well as the criteria used by the agencies of social control in deciding what factors brand the adolescent a delinquent. Starting with self-reported delinquency, we follow its course within the system of social regulations practised by the public, the police and the courts.The data concern self-reported delinquency (measured by the questionnaire of Nye and Short on self-reported delinquency), delinquency officially known to the police, and the decisions taken by the police and judges with regard to delinquent acts. These data were gathered in five districts in Montreal, representing five social strata.The analysis of the stigma of delinquency showed that there is more chance of working-class subjects entering the juvenile justice system, above all where acquisitive and rebellious delinquency is concerned, especially in relation to the community, the family and sex. Among the middle and upper classes the stigma of delinquency is attached more to aggression and rebellion connected with automobiles and vandalism.As to the origins of social reaction ¦— the way in which an adolescent is admitted to the juvenile justice system .— the citizen reports offences against his person and property, while the police record offences against public order and morals.At the police level, the adolescent is returned to his home if it is a question of rebellion committed by a group between the ages of 12 and 15, whereas he is taken to court if his offence, reported by the citizen, is repeated and of a more serious nature. In the case of those taken to court, the adolescent is detained if he is a recidivist, and receives a summons if it is his first offence.The judges favor special measures in the case of rebelliousness, and no action at all (postponement sine die) in the case of aggression or theft by adolescents of the working class. A recidivist will be institutionalized for a serious infraction and treated within the community in the case of a less serious offence. Re-education in the community is given if the adolescent has been detained, and a fine if he has received a summons.The results clearly show that the characteristics of the delinquent acts are more important than the socioeconomic milieu in determining whatdecisions are taken. However, the socioeconomic milieu does influence admission into the juvenile justice system, as well as judicial reaction. Working-class subjects are given less attention than those from the middle and upper classes, postponement sine die is more often used in the working-class milieu, and fines, re-education within the community and institu-tionalization are more often applied to subjects of the middle and upper classes. Moreover, the margin of discretionary powers in decision making is, on the whole, rather narrow, which means that in the majority of cases, decisions can be explained by no other factors than the characteristics of the delinquent acts. This discretionary margin in decision making is narrow, both at the police and judicial levels, when a choice between particular measures must be made ; on the other hand, there is some leeway, since the judge must choose between postponement sine die and a particular measure. Finally, the course of the offence within the juvenile justice system reinforces the previous decisions through a process of amplification, which, as a consequence, penalizes working-class subjects to some extent.In short, delinquency is an adolescent phenomenon in general, but only a minority of infractions enter and continue to circulate within the juvenile justice system. The criteria for decision making are indeed socio-economic, but more often relate to the past history of the delinquent and the nature of his offence.

scholarly journals Juvenile Delinquency in Nicholas Sparks’ Novel The Last Song

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-210
Author(s):  
Desy Rahmadhani ◽  
Purwarno Purwarno
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

The objective of this research was to identify the portrait of juvenile delinquency in the novel The Last Song by Nicholas Sparks. Some related theories in the form of juvenile delinquency were applied in this research, one of which was that proposed by Steinhart (1996), an expert lawyer in the juvenile justice system, stating that offenses status is behavior that is unlawful for children. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive methods proposed by Kothari (2004) with the goal of a comprehensive summarization, in everyday terms, of specific events experienced by individuals or groups of individuals. The research results showed that there are three forms of juvenile delinquency: drug abuse, shoplifting and violence, and all are done by the major characters, namely Veronica Miller, Blaze and Marcus. They carry out acts of juvenile delinquency without reasons, but they are accustomed to doing so, mainly for their desires and satisfaction. Keywords: Juvenile Delinquency, Drug Abuse, Shoplifting, Violence

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