Endogenous auxins in apical buds ofChenopodium rubrum L. after application of (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC)

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lola Teltscherová
Keyword(s):  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Apical Buds

scholarly journals Rational Design of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Using Quaternary Ammonium Cations for Glyphosate Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Mashaalah Zarejousheghani ◽  
Alaa Jaafar ◽  
Hendrik Wollmerstaedt ◽  
Parvaneh Rahimi ◽  
Helko Borsdorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Functional Monomers ◽  
Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Cations

Molecularly imprinted polymers have emerged as cost-effective and rugged artificial selective sorbents for combination with different sensors. In this study, quaternary ammonium cations, as functional monomers, were systematically evaluated to design imprinted polymers for glyphosate as an important model compound for electrically charged and highly water-soluble chemical compounds. To this aim, a small pool of monomers were used including (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride, and diallyldimethylammonium chloride. The simultaneous interactions between three positively charged monomers and glyphosate were preliminary evaluated using statistical design of the experiment method. Afterwards, different polymers were synthesized at the gold surface of the quartz crystal microbalance sensor using optimized and not optimized glyphosate-monomers ratios. All synthesized polymers were characterized using atomic force microscopy, contact angle, Fourier-transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Evaluated functional monomers showed promise as highly efficient functional monomers, when they are used together and at the optimized ratio, as predicted by the statistical method. Obtained results from the modified sensors were used to develop a simple model describing the binding characteristics at the surface of the different synthesized polymers. This model helps to develop new synthesis strategies for rational design of the highly selective imprinted polymers and to use as a sensing platform for water soluble and polar targets.

scholarly journals Action of growth regulators on flowering and pod production of soybean cultivar Davis

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Paulo R.C. Castro ◽  
Roberto S. Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Triiodobenzoic Acid ◽  
Soybean Plants

This research deals with the effects of growth regulators on flowering and pod formation in soybean plant (Glycine max cv. Davis). Under greenhouse conditions, soybean plants were sprayed with 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm, Agrostemmin (1g/10 ml/3 l) gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm. Application of TIBA increased number of flowers. 'Davis' soybean treated with CCC and TIBA presented a tendency to produce a lower number of pods.

scholarly journals Efficient Oxidative Removal of Organic Pollutants by Ordered Mesoporous Carbon-Supported Cobalt Phthalocyanine

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Yan Gu ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Wangyang Lu ◽  
Wenxing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Catalytic Mechanism ◽  
Epoxy Compound ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous ◽  
Resonance Spin

Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) materials have received attention for use as supports in highly efficient catalytic systems because of their excellent properties. We used epoxy compound 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC) to modify cobalt tetraaminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) and obtained a novel catalyst (OMC-CoTAPc-EPTAC) based on OMC-bonded CoTAPc-EPTAC that could oxidize Acid Red 1 (AR1) dyes by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) activation under neutral conditions. OMC enhanced the catalytic performance of OMC-CoTAPc-EPTAC, which resulted in the combined high catalytic activity and high stability. Because of its large surface area and tunable pore texture, OMC has high substrate accessibility, and the modification of the catalyst with EPTAC could promote adsorption of the target substrate into OMC, which achieved the aim of in situ catalytic oxidation with enrichment of the target substrate and improved the catalytic efficiency significantly. Electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trap experiments confirmed that the OMC-CoTAPc-EPTAC/H2O2system had a nonradical catalytic mechanism, and the high-valent cobalt-oxo intermediates and generated holes were speculated to act as dominant oxidation species for the catalytic degradation of AR1. These results demonstrated a new strategy for the elimination of low-concentration organic pollutants.

scholarly journals One-Step Quaternization/Hydroxypropylsulfonation to Improve Paste Stability, Adhesion, and Film Properties of Oxidized Starch

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Zhenzhen Xu ◽  
Zongqian Wang ◽  
Jian Xing
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Moisture Regain ◽  
Breaking Elongation ◽  
End Use ◽  
Paste Viscosity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Viscosity Stability

To investigate the influences of quaternization/hydroxypropylsulfonation on viscosity stability, adhesion to fibers and film properties of oxidized tapioca starch (OTS) for ameliorating its end-use ability in applications such as warp-sizing and paper-making, a series of quaternized and hydroxypropylsulfonated OTS (QHOTS) samples were synthesized by simultaneous quaternization and hydroxypropylsulfonation of OTS with N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and 3-chloro-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt (CHPS-Na). The QHOTS granules were characterized by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopic and scanning electron microscope techniques. Apparent viscosity and viscosity stability were determined, and adhesion was evaluated by measuring the bonding force of starch to the fibers. Film properties were also estimated in terms of tensile strength, breaking elongation, bending endurance, degree of crystallinity, and moisture regain. It was showed that quaternization/hydroxypropylsulfonation was capable of obviously improving viscosity stability of gelatinized OTS paste, enhancing bonding forces of OTS to cotton and polylactic acid (PLA) fibers, increasing breaking elongation, bending endurance and moisture regain of film and decreasing its tensile strength and degree of crystallinity, thereby obviously stabilizing paste viscosity, improving adhesion to fibers and lessening film brittleness. Increasing the level of quaternization/hydroxypropylsulfonation favored improvement in the stability, enhancement in adhesion and decrease in brittleness. The QHOTS showed potential in the applications of cotton and PLA sizing.

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