The relation of temperature and concentration to detergency in systems of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alkylaryl sulfonate, and alkaline detergent builders

1949 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 733-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Vaughn ◽  
Clifton E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Alkylaryl Sulfonate ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Detergent Builders

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan kulit singkong sebagai bahan baku pembuatan Natrium Karbosimetil Selulosa

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Shella Permatasari Santoso ◽  
Niko Sanjaya ◽  
Aning Ayucitra
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Degree Of Substitution ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Alcohol Solvent ◽  
Cassava Peels ◽  
Cassava Peel

The use of cassava peels as raw material for Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose productionCassava peels are abundantly available and may be used as an lowcost cellulose source (80-85% cellulose per weight cassava peel). the study was to evaluate the effect of the concentration of sodium hydroxide, sodium chloroacetate, and temperature reaction on the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium-CMC) characteristics i.e. yield, purity, and degree of substitution in sodium-CMC preparation.  Sodium-CMC functional group was determined using FTIR spectrophotometer. Cassava peels was dried and grounded to 50 mesh. Lignin was eliminated from cassava peel by extraction of grounded cassava peel with 10% NaOH at 35 °C for 5 h. Cassava peel free lignin was then re-extracted using 10% of acetic acid and sodium chloride at 75 °C for 1 h, thus cellulose free hemicellulose was obtained. Alkalization at 30 °C for 90 min was performed by adding sodium hydroxyde at 10-40% to cellulose using isopropyl alcohol solvent. Following this, etherification was conducted by adding sodium chloroacetate of 1-5 g at 50-80 °C for 6 h. As result, the highest purity of sodium-CMC (96.20%) was obtained from alkalization using 20% of sodium hydroxide and etherification using 3 g sodium chloroacetate at 70 °C. Sodium-CMC yield was 22% and degree of substitution 0.705.Keywords: cassava peel, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium-CMC, etherification AbstrakKulit singkong merupakan sumber selulosa yang berlimpah dan murah, dengan kadar selulosa 80-85% dari berat kulit singkong. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan selulosa dalam kulit singkong sebagai bahan baku pembuatan natrium karboksimetil selulosa (Na-CMC), mempelajari pengaruh natrium hidroksida, natrium kloroasetat serta suhu pada karakteristik Na-CMC seperti perolehan, kemurnian, dan derajat substitusi, serta menentukan kondisi operasi optimum untuk pembuatan Na-CMC berdasarkan kemurnian Na-CMC terbesar. Gugus fungsi Na-CMC ditentukan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra. Mula-mula, kulit singkong dikeringkan dan dihancurkan sehingga berukuran 50 mesh. Kulit singkong diekstraksi dengan NaOH 10% di suhu 35 °C selama 5 jam, untuk melarutkan lignin. Kulit singkong bebas lignin diekstrak dengan asam asetat 10% dan natrium klorida dengan pemanasan 750 °C selama 1 jam untuk melarutkan hemiselulosa sehingga didapatkan selulosa. Alkalisasi dilakukan dengan mereaksikan selulosa dengan NaOH 10-40% dengan pelarut isopropil alkohol pada suhu 30 °C selama 90 menit, dilanjutkan eterifikasi dengan natrium kloroasetat 1-5 g pada suhu 50-80 °C selama 6 jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, karakteristik Na-CMC terbaik didapatkan dari alkalisasi selulosa menggunakan NaOH 20% serta eterifikasi menggunakan 3 g natrium kloroasetat pada suhu 70 °C. Perolehan Na-CMC yang didapat adalah sebesar 22%, kemurnian 96,20%, derajat substitusi 0,705; termasuk dalam grade kedua menurut SNI 06-3736-1995.Kata kunci: kulit singkong, karboksimetil selulosa, Na-CMC, eterifikasi

Evaluation of Yam (Dioscorea sp.) Starch and Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) Starch as Suspending Agent in Suspension

2010 ◽  
Vol 93-94 ◽  
pp. 362-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchada Piriyaprasarth ◽  
Vipaluk Patomchaiviwat ◽  
Pornsak Sriamornsak ◽  
Nate Seangpongchawal ◽  
Prachya Katewongsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Optimal Concentration ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Suspending Agents ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Arrowroot Starch

The aim of our study was to evaluate the applicability of yam (Dioscorea sp.) starch and arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) starch as suspending agents in suspension. Paracetamol was used as a model drug because of its low solubility. It was found that the optimal concentration as suspending agent in paracetamol suspension was in the range of 7-8% for yam starch and 5-6% for arrowroot starch. All formulations were stable within the period of study with pH of 5.4-6.9. These results were comparable to those obtained from the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium CMC) which is a common suspending agent. It could be concluded that yam starch and arrowroot starch showed suspending activity in paracetamol suspension and could be applied as commercial suspending agent.

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Sodium Alginate/Chitosan Composite Film

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenting Lan ◽  
Li He ◽  
Yaowen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Orthogonal Experimental Design ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Casting Solution ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Chitosan Composite

A sodium alginate/chitosan solution was prepared by dissolving sodium alginate, chitosan, and glycerol in an acetic acid solution. This solution was then combined with a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and the mixture was cast onto a glass plate and dried at a constant temperature of 60 °C. Then, a carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate/chitosan composite film was obtained by immersing the film in a solution of a cross-linking agent, CaCl2, and air-drying the resulting material. First, the most advantageous contents of the three precursors in the casting solution were determined by a completely random design test method. Thereafter, a comprehensive orthogonal experimental design was applied to select the optimal mass ratio of the three precursors. The composite film obtained with sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and chitosan contents of 1.5%, 0.5%, and 1.5%, respectively, in the casting solution displayed excellent tensile strength, water vapor transmission rate, and elongation after fracture. Moreover, the presence of chitosan successfully inhibited the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. The composite film exhibited antibacterial rates of 95.7% ± 5.4% and 93.4% ± 4.7% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Therefore, the composite film is promising for antibacterial food packaging applications.

Effects of Trehalose and Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Prevention of Organ Adhesion after Laparotomy: A Preliminary Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soojung LEE ◽  
Yasutsugu MIWA ◽  
Ryohei NISHIMURA ◽  
Ung-il CHUNG ◽  
Shigeki SUZUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Preliminary Study

Optimization of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in buccal film salbutamol sulphate

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Ni’matul Mauludiyah ◽  
Devi Ayu Aprillia ◽  
Viddy Agustian Rosyidi ◽  
Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Salbutamol Sulphate
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