Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies 2.Boletus edulis

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Hall ◽  
A. J. E. Lyon ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
L. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Boletus Edulis

Evaluation of Some Biological Applications of Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Boletus edulis Fruiting Bodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 1309-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Younis ◽  
Marwa M. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Mohamed Yosri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Boletus Edulis ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Pleurotus Citrinopileatus

Background:: Mushrooms are deemed as a special delicacy in many countries. They are considered an important cuisine due to their bioactive ingredients and possible health benefits. Methods: Herein, we measured selected biological properties of methanol extracts of Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Boletus edulis fruiting bodies including; in vitro antimicrobial activity, anti-α- glucosidase activity, antioxidant activity, anti-lipase activity and cytotoxic activity against different cancer cells and normal cells. Results: B. edulis methanol extracts showed high antimicrobial and anti-α-glucosidase activity. In contrast, P. citrinopileatus methanol extracts showed superior antioxidant activity indicated by (1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH radical scavenging with half maximal inhibitory concentration of IC50 37.4 µg/ml, anti-lipase activities with IC50 65.2 µg/ml and high cytotoxicity activity against HepG2 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 22.8 and 36.7 µg/ml, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle was used to show apoptotic effects of methanol extracts against HepG2 and HeLa cells. Conclusion: P. citrinopileatus and B. edulis methanolic extracts appear to contain biologically active compounds that might be used to treat some common human diseases.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies 3.Tuber magnatum, tuberaceae

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Hall ◽  
A. Zambonelli ◽  
F. Primavera
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Tuber Magnatum

scholarly journals Selection of Sphingomonadaceae at the Base of Laccaria proxima and Russula exalbicans Fruiting Bodies

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1979-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Hidde Boersma ◽  
Jan A. Warmink ◽  
Fernando A. Andreote ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Laccaria Proxima ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The dense hyphal network directly underneath the fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal fungi might exert strong influences on the bacterial community of soil. Such fruiting bodies might serve as hot spots for bacterial activity, for instance by providing nutrients and colonization sites in soil. Here, we assessed the putative selection of specific members of the Sphingomonadaceae family at the bases of the fruiting bodies of the ectomycorrhizal fungi Laccaria proxima and Russula exalbicans in comparison to the adjacent bulk soil. To do so, we used a previously designed Sphingomonadaceae-specific PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) system and complemented this with analyses of sequences from a Sphingomonadaceae-specific clone library. The analyses showed clear selective effects of the fruiting bodies of both fungi on the Sphingomonadaceae community structures. The effect was especially prevalent with R. exalbicans. Strikingly, similar fungi sampled approximately 100 m apart showed similar DGGE patterns, while corresponding bulk soil-derived patterns differed from each other. However, the mycospheres of L. proxima and R. exalbicans still revealed divergent community structures, indicating that different fungi select for different members of the Sphingomonadaceae family. Excision of specific bands from the DGGE patterns, as well as analyses of the clone libraries generated from both habitats, revealed fruiting body-specific Sphingomonadaceae types. It further showed that major groups from the mycospheres of R. exalbicans and L. proxima did not cluster with known bacteria from the database, indicating new groups within the family of Sphingomonadaceae present in these environments.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies 1.Tricholoma Matsutake and Related Fungi

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Yun ◽  
Ian R. Hall ◽  
Lynley A. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Fruiting Bodies

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of Boletus edulis suggests that intra-specific competition may reduce local genetic diversity as a woodland ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 200419
Author(s):  
J. I. Hoffman ◽  
R. Nagel ◽  
V. Litzke ◽  
D. A. Wells ◽  
W. Amos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Microsatellite Genotyping ◽  
Wild Mushrooms ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Boletus Edulis ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
New Habitats

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are key players in terrestrial ecosystems yet their mating systems and population dynamics remain poorly understood. We investigated the fine-scale relatedness structure and genetic diversity of Boletus edulis , one of the world's most commercially important wild mushrooms. Microsatellite genotyping of fruiting bodies from 14 different sites around Bielefeld in Germany revealed little in the way of population structure over a geographic scale of several kilometres. However, on a more local scale we found evidence for elevated relatedness as well as inbreeding. We also observed a significant negative association between the genetic diversity of fruit and the age of the trees under which they were sampled. Taken together, our results suggest that as genets mature, they compete and potentially create conditions under which further spores struggle to become established. By implication, even though this species is widely picked, propagules remain common enough to create strong competition when new habitats become available.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the occurrence and trends in 137Cs and 40K radioactivity in King Bolete Boletus edulis mushrooms in Poland during 1995–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Falandysz ◽  
Tamara Zalewska ◽  
Michał Saniewski ◽  
Alwyn R. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Artificial Radioactivity ◽  
Food Material ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Boletus Edulis ◽  
Over Time

AbstractB. edulis, collected from 33 forested or woodland sites across Poland over 25 years since 1995, were analysed for radiocaesium. The results (137Cs activity range: 25 to 10,000 Bq kg-1 dry weight) provide a good indication of artificial radioactivity in this food material. The relatively higher levels detected in the earlier years, mostly in easterly location, is consistent with depositions from the projected Chernobyl incident (1986) fallout plumes. Nevertheless, the 137Cs concentrations during 1995–2010 were, on average, higher than those reported by other studies for Polish B. edulis over the period 1986–1994. The data concurs with the general hypothesis and observations that deposited 137Cs permeates slowly over time to deeper soil horizons which host the mycelial networks. This delay in availability shows that (apart from hotspots) higher contamination of fruiting bodies occurred around 10 to 20 years after the incident. Local consumers and recreational mushroomers were undoubtedly exposed, although reported 137Cs concentrations suggest that serious breaches of regulated levels were uncommon.

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on South Kalimantan Serpentine Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy Hermawan ◽  
Witiyasti Imaningsih ◽  
Badruzsaufari Badruzsaufari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Serpentine Soil ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Genus Identification ◽  
Manganese Chromium ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

Serpentine soil contains highly heavy metals, such as manganese, chromium, cobalt, and nickel,which could bean inappropriate growthmediaofmostplants. Someplants thatfound able to grow optimally on South Kalimantan serpentine soil have been known to do association with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This research aimed to obtain and characterize mushrooms assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi indigenous South Kalimantan serpentine soil. This study used field exploration of fungal fruiting bodies and identified the genus based on morphological characters of fruiting bodies such as shape, size, and ornamentation, which are unique for the genus identification, then compared the characteristics on mushroomexpert.com. The mushrooms were also confirmed of genera assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi based on mycorrhizas.info. Seven fruiting bodies were obtained and classified as Cantharellus (Ct), Chlorophyllum (Ch1 and Ch2), Lycoperdon (Ly), Ramaria (Rm1 and Rm2), and Thelephora (Tp). The results showed that all of those fruiting bodies belong to Basidiomycetes. There were 4 genera of Cantharellus, Lycoperdon, Ramaria, and Thelephora, assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi. But Chlorophyllum genus was never reported as ectomycorrhizal fungus

Mycophagy of red-backed voles in Oregon and Washington

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3307-3315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Ure ◽  
Chris Maser
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Cascade Range ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Western Washington ◽  
Seed Crops

We analyzed stomach contents from two subspecies of Clethrionomys californicus and three subspecies of C. gapperi from coniferous forests of Oregon and western Washington. Seasonal diets were determined for each subspecies of C. californicus. Major foods eaten were the fruiting bodies of hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi, predominantly Gasteromycetes, and fruticose lichens, regardless of season. Fungus consumption partially depended on availability. When fungi became scarce, lichens were substituted. Other foods were important only during winter in Cascade Range. Clethrionomys gapperi from Washington consumed large quantities of conifer seed and green plant parts in midautumn. These materials were a small part of the diets of Oregon red-backed voles in midautumn, but this may relate to localized small seed crops. Dependence on ectomycorrhizal fungi by western red-backed voles probably accounts for the latter's disappearance from deforested sites.

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