Potato cultivar response to late blight as affected by clonal selection andin vitro culture

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. (Bud) Platt
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Potato Cultivar Response

scholarly journals Fungicide Spray Programs for Defender, A New Potato Cultivar with Resistance to Late Blight and Early Blight

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1327-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Stevenson ◽  
R. V. James ◽  
Debra Ann Inglis ◽  
Dennis A. Johnson ◽  
R. Thomas Schotzko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Ranger Russet ◽  
Progress Curve

Defender (A90586-11) is a new late blight-resistant potato cultivar which was released from the Tri-State Potato Variety Development Program in 2004. Conventional and reduced fungicide spray programs were compared on Defender and Russet Burbank (3 years) and Ranger Russet (1 year) in Wisconsin experimental field trials. Useful levels of field resistance to both late blight and early blight were observed in Defender in the absence of fungicide sprays and reduced fungicide input programs. Disease progressed slowest on Defender regardless of fungicide program, relative to Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet. Organic, conventional, and reduced fungicide spray programs also were compared on Defender and Russet Burbank in experimental greenhouse and field tests in Washington. Fungicide spray programs performed similarly on both Defender and Russet Burbank; however, area under the disease progress curve values for no-fungicide treatments were either three times (greenhouse) or six times (field) lower on Defender compared with Russet Burbank. Regardless of the fungicide program, total yield was higher for Defender than Russet Burbank. Mean economic returns associated with Defender also were higher than for Russet Burbank ($6,196 versus $4,388/ha). Fungicide and nonfungicide treatment programs generated similar returns on Defender whereas conventional and reduced fungicide programs generated comparable but higher returns than the nonfungicide program on Russet Burbank.

scholarly journals Protection of Susceptible Potato Cultivars Against Late Blight in Mixtures Increases with Decreasing Disease Pressure

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pilet ◽  
G. Chacón ◽  
G. A. Forbes ◽  
D. Andrivon
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Natural Pressure ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Disease Pressure ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures

Cultivar mixtures can reduce potato late blight severity on susceptible cultivars. While alternating rows of susceptible and resistant cultivars would be more acceptable than random mixtures for commercial use, they increase the genotype unit area, which is an unfavorable factor for mixture efficiency, and have been minimally efficient when disease pressure is high. The effects of disease pressure on the performance of alternating rows of cultivars possessing various types and levels of resistance were investigated in 2000 and 2001 near Quito, Ecuador, where natural pressure of late blight is high. The experiments included the highly susceptible cvs. Cecilia in 2000 and LBr37 in 2001, as well as C114 (moderately resistant) and PAN (highly resistant), planted as pure stands and as the three possible two-way combinations. Different disease pressures were obtained with three spraying schedules of a contact fungicide: nontreated, one spray every second week, and one spray weekly. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) on the susceptible cultivar was 0 to 20% less in mixed than in pure plots when no fungicide was applied, 13 to 26% less with a biweekly application of fungicide, and 32 to 53% less with a weekly application. These values are comparable to those obtained in previous experiments in smaller plots with designs maximizing the distance between susceptible plants. No significant differences in mixture performance were observed according to the resistant cultivar included. Effects on yield were minimal, because of the impact of factors other than late blight. Disease pressure therefore appears as a major factor conditioning the efficiency of potato cultivar mixtures against late blight.

scholarly journals Artemovets is a new potato cultivar bred in Far East of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Н.А. Сакара ◽  
В.И. Леунов ◽  
Т.С. Тарасова ◽  
Е.А. Симаков ◽  
А.В. Митюшкин
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Far East ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
State Register ◽  
Competitive Test

В результате селекционной работы на Приморской овощной опытной станции выведен среднеспелый сорта картофеля. Основной метод создания сорта – межвидовая гибридизация с использованием в качестве исходного материала лучших сортов мировой коллекции и сложных межвидовых гибридов – доноров тех или иных ценных признаков. Изучали 2010 одноклубневых гибридов из 15 комбинаций селекции ФГБНУ Всероссийский НИИ картофелеводства имени А.Г. Лорха. Принцип подбора исходного материала картофеля соответствовал целевому назначению для юга Дальнего Востока: сорт должен быть среднеспелым и устойчив к фитофторозу. Селекционный материал изучали по общепринятой в России методике. Погодные условия в период проведения исследований (2009–2017 годы) были наиболее благоприятными в 2014 и 2017 годах, когда урожайность гибридов составила 40 т/га и выше, и крайне неблагоприятными в 2016 году из-за избыточного выпадения осадков и эпифитотийного развития фитофтороза, в результате в большинстве случаев урожайность составила всего 8–10 т/га. Сильное развитие фитофтороза также отмечалось в 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015 и 2017 годах, что дало возможность достоверно оценить селекционный материал на устойчивость к этому очень вредоносному заболеванию картофеля. По результатам оценки из 2010 гибридов до конкурсного испытания дошло только два гибрида, в том числе под селекционным номером 1615–85, который имел существенное преимущество перед стандартом по урожайности и устойчивости к фитофторозу. Этот гибрид 1615–85 под названием Артемовец был передан в государственное испытание в 2017 году. По результатам этого испытания в 2018–2019 годах сорт Артемовец включен в Госреестр селекционных достижений РФ по Дальневосточному региону с 2020 года. As result of breeding work a new potato cultivar is bred at Primorye vegetable breeding experimental station. The main method of creating a potato cultivar is interspecific hybridization using the best cultivars of the world's collection as the source material and complex interspecific hybrids – donors of certain valuable traits. We studied 2010 single-club hybrids from 15 breeding combinations of the All-Russian research Institute of potato production named after A. G. Lorch. The principle of selecting the source material of potatoes corresponded to the intended purpose for the South of the Far East – the cultivar should be medium-ripened and resistant to late blight. Breeding material was studied according to accepted in Russia methodology. Weather conditions during the research period (2009–2017) were most favorable in 2014 and 2017, when the yield of hybrids was 40 t/ha or higher, and extremely unfavorable in 2016 due to excessive precipitation and epiphytotic development of late blight, as a result, in most cases, the yield was only 8–10 t/ha. Strong development of late blight was also noted in 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2017, which made it possible to reliably assess the selection material for resistance to this very harmful potato disease. According to the results of the evaluation of 2010 hybrids, only two hybrids reached the competitive test, including under the selection number 1615–85, which had a significant advantage over the standard for yield and resistance to late blight. This hybrid 1615–85 called Artemovets was passed to the state test in 2017. According to the results of this test in 2018–2019, Artemovets cultivar is included in the state register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation for the far Eastern region from 2020.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF POTATO CULTIVAR FOR GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETER

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Mangesh R. Deshmukh ◽  
Ganesh M. Bansode ◽  
Pallavi Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Tuber Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Emergence

The present investigation on evaluation of varietal performance of various potato varieties under Pune Conditions was initiated in Oct 2012. Potato tubers of Kufri Lauvkar, Kufri Badshah, Kufri Pushkar, Kufri Surya, Kufri Khyati, Kufri Ashoka, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Pukharaj were planted on ridges and furrows. The results revealed that Kufri Surya recorded significantly higher total tuber yield (20.67 t/ha) followed by Kufri Pukharaj (18.45 t/ha). However percent plant emergence and foliage senescence were found non-significant. Whereas results in respect of yield depicted that the variety Kufri Lauvkar produced the lowest tuber yield of 16.23 t/ha. Tuber dry matter (19.69%) was recorded to be the highest in Kufri Surya which was significantly superior in comparison to the remaining varieties. The least incidence of late blight (9.69%) was recorded on Kufri Khyati which was at par with K. Surya (9.74%). The least incidence of early blight (10.29%) was recorded on K. Lauvkar which too was at par with K. Surya. Keeping this in view K. Surya may be recommended as promising variety for Pune region

scholarly journals South American species Solanum alandiae Card. and S. okadae Hawkes et Hjerting as potential sources of genes for potato late blight resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
O. A. Muratova (Fadina) ◽  
M. P. Beketova ◽  
M. A. Kuznetsova ◽  
E. V. Rogozina ◽  
E. E. Khavkin
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Potato Late Blight ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Interspecific Potato Hybrids

For several decades, wild species of Solanum L. section Petota Dumort. have been involved in potato cultivar breeding for robust resistance to pests and diseases. Potato late blight (LB) is caused by oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, and the genes for race-specific resistance to P. infestans (Rpi genes) have been introgressed into cultivated potatoes by remote crosses and trans- or cisgenesis, first from S. demissum Buk. and, more recently, from other wild species, such as S. bulbocastanum Dun., S. stoloniferum Schlechtd. et Bché, and S. venturii Hawkes et Hjerting (according to the nomenclature by Hawkes, 1990). Most wild species already involved in breeding for LB resistance came from North and Central Americas: series Bulbocastana (Rydb.) Hawkes, Demissa Buk. and Longipedicellata Buk., and some Rpi genes of these species have been already characterized in much detail. Rpi genes of South American species, including the series Tuberosa (Rydb.) Hawkes, have not been sufficiently investigated. Among the latter, this study focuses on the Rpi genes of S. alandiae Card. and S. okadae Hawkes et Hjerting. Four accessions of S. alandiae, one accession of S. okadae and 11 clones of interspecific potato hybrids comprising S. alandiae germplasm from the VIR collection were PCR-screened using specific SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) markers for eight Rpi genes. SCAR amplicons of five Rpi genes registered in this study were validated by comparing their sequences with those of prototype genes deposited in the NCBI Genbank. Among the structural homologues of Rpi genes found in S. alandiae and S. okadae, of special interest are homologues of CC-NB-LRR resistance genes with broad specificity towards P. infestans races, in particular R2=Rpi-blb3, R8, R9a, Rpi-vnt1 and Rpi-blb2 (94–99, 94–99, 86–89, 92–98 and 91% identity with the prototype genes, respectively). Our data may help to better understand the process of Rpi gene divergence along with the evolution of tuberbearing Solanum species, particularly in the series Tuberosa.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Willingness to Adopt Late Blight-Resistant Genetically Modified Potatoes

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans De Steur ◽  
Ellen J. Van Loo ◽  
Jasmien Maes ◽  
Godelieve Gheysen ◽  
Wim Verbeke
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Gm Potato

The commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops remains highly contested in the European Union (EU). While research has mainly focused on public and consumer opinions, few studies have investigated farmers’ reactions towards such crops. This study aims to determine farmers’ willingness to adopt a late blight-resistant (LBR) GM potato cultivar (Bintje) in Flanders, Belgium (n = 384). The findings demonstrate that more than half (54.7%) of the farmers have the intention to adopt this GM potato if it becomes available. Farmers’ willingness to adopt is mainly influenced by ethical concerns about Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) (negative) and perceived economic benefits of LBR GM potatoes (positive). Knowledge about GM technology decreases the likelihood of being indifferent, as compared to being willing to adopt or being opposed. As such, efforts to improve knowledge alone would not be considered an effective strategy to improve adoption rates among farmers. Socio-economic concerns about GMOs, environmental benefit perceptions of LBR GM potatoes, and socio-demographic and farm variables were not significant as potential determinants of farmers’ likelihood to adopt this GM potato. Our findings lend support to a potentially favorable climate to introduce this GM potato in Flanders, Belgium, an EU region where opt-out measures to restrict cultivation of approved GM crops were not taken.

Northstar: A high-yielding, white cold-storage chipping potato cultivar with attractive oval tubers resistant to late blight

2007 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bizimungu ◽  
D. R. Lynch ◽  
L. M. Kawchuk ◽  
Q. Chen ◽  
M. Konschuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Chipping Potato

scholarly journals POPULATION STRUCTURE OF PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS ON WORLDWIDE SCALE: A REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Khalid Naveed ◽  
Nasir A. Rajputt ◽  
Sajid A. Khan ◽  
Arbab Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Solanum Bulbocastanum ◽  
Tuber Resistance ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Rb Gene ◽  
Late Blight Of Potato

Phytophthora infestans is a destructive pathogen that causes late blight of potato worldwide. Several sexually and asexually reproducing lineages of the pathogen have been identified and new lineages are more virulent as compared to their parental lineages. A new highly aggressive clonal lineage EU13_A2 has spread into potato fields of Europe, Africa and Asia in place of the older lineages. In North America, 24 clonal lineages US1to US24 have been identified. Despite of sexual reproduction, the overall population of P. infestans in potato and tomato fields is dominated by asexual lineages. Breeding has been done to transfer 'R' genes into commercial potato cultivars through classical breeding and by pyramiding of genes. Defender is the only potato cultivar that has foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Genetically modified potato with RB gene from Solanum bulbocastanum has been developed but it lacks tuber resistance to disease. This review discusses population structure of P. infestans worldwide and breeding efforts to produce late blight resistant potato.

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