Effect of alcohol administration on in situ redox state of the liver, lipid concentration in the liver and plasma lipids in rats

1973 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
C. Naito ◽  
E. Ogata ◽  
K. Togawa ◽  
S. Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Redox State ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Administration ◽  
Liver Lipid Concentration

scholarly journals Saturated fat-rich diet increases fetal lipids and modulates LPL and leptin receptor expression in rat placentas

2013 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Mazzucco ◽  
R Higa ◽  
E Capobianco ◽  
M Kurtz ◽  
A Jawerbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Liver Lipid Concentration ◽  
Leptin Expression ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Metabolic alterations in obese and overweight mothers impact the placenta and the fetus, leading to anomalies in fetal growth and lipid accretion. The primary aim of the study was to examine the effect of a saturated fat-rich diet (FD) on growth, lipid accretion, and lipases, leptin and leptin receptor (ObR) expression in the placenta and fetal liver. We also aimed to find a role for fetal leptin in the modulation of placental and fetal liver lipase and ObR expression. Six-week-old rats were fed with a standard rat chow (control) or a 25% FD for 7 weeks until mating and during pregnancy. Also, in a group of control rats, fetuses were injected with leptin on days 19, 20, and 21 of pregnancy. On day 21, we assessed lipidemia, insulinemia, and leptinemia in mothers and fetuses. In the placenta and fetal liver, lipid concentration was assessed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the gene expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), endothelial lipase, insulin receptor (Insr), leptin, and ObR by RT-PCR. The FD induced hypertriglyceridemia and hyperleptinemia (P<0.01) in mothers and fetuses, an increase in maternal (P<0.05) and fetal weight (P<0.01), overaccumulation of lipids in fetal liver (P<0.01), and enhanced leptin expression in the placenta and fetal liver (P<0.05). Placental expression of IR and LPL was increased (P<0.05), and ObR decreased (P<0.05) in the FD group. Fetal administration of leptin induced the placental and fetal liver downregulation of ObR (P<0.05) and upregulation of LPL expression (P<0.05). The FD led to increased fetal lipid levels, which may result from high maternal lipid availability and fetal leptin effects.

scholarly journals The influence of essential fatty acids and food restriction on the specific activities of hepatic lipogenic and glutamate-metabolizing enzymes in the laying hen

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Balnave
Keyword(s):  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Liver Lipid Concentration

1. Extended feeding of an essential fatty acid (EFA)-deficient diet to laying hens increased liver size and liver lipid concentration.2. The specific activities of hepatic lipogenic and glutamate-metabolizing enzymes were increased by feeding the EFA-deficient diet.3. Restriction of daily food intake to 75 % of ad lib. intake did not affect the response to dietary fat concentration.4. Hepatic enzyme activities in hens fed on restricted amounts of food and killed just before, or after, the normal daily feeding time indicated no reduced capacity for lipogenesis at the earlier time.

Effects of chitosan hydrolyzates on lipid absorption and on serum and liver lipid concentration in rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo. Ikeda ◽  
Michihiro. Sugano ◽  
Katsuko. Yoshida ◽  
Eiji. Sasaki ◽  
Yasushi. Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Liver Lipid Concentration

scholarly journals A study of the effects of dietary added cupric oxide on the laying, domestic fowl and a comparison with the effects of hydrated copper sulphate

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Jackson ◽  
Mary H. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Unit Body Weight ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Liver Lipid Concentration

1. An experiment is reported in which copper, as cupric oxide, was fed to two breeds of laying hen for 336 d at levels equivalent to 150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 mg added Cu/kg diet. The results obtained were compared with those found using similar diets to which the Cu was added as CuSO4. 5H2O.2. Addition of the CuO had no effect on food intake, food conversion efficiency, body-weight or egg production. The CuSO4 addition caused the quadratic response of food intake and the adverse effects on food intake, egg production and body-weight noted in previous experiments.3. The CuO had no effect on liver, kidney, ovary, oviduct or gizzard weight per unit body-weight while the CuSO4 decreased these with the exception of gizzard weight which was significantly increased.4. CuO addition did not affect liver Cu concentration but CuSO4 caused a subtantial increase of liver Cu especially at the 750 mg Cu/kg level of addition.5. CuO addition had no effect on liver lipid concentration but this was depressed at the highest level of CuSO4 addition. Effects on individual fatty acids are presented but no specific conclusions have been reached.

scholarly journals Effect of Awamori Lees on Growth, Serum and Liver Lipid Concentration in Rats Fed a High Cholesterol Diet

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshitsugu Nohara ◽  
Shuntoku Uechi ◽  
Goh Ogura ◽  
Kunioki Hayashi ◽  
Katsunori Sunagawa
Keyword(s):  
Liver Lipid ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Liver Lipid Concentration

Sexual dimorphism in an under-ice spawning fish: the burbot (Lota lota)

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 732-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Cott ◽  
T.A. Johnston ◽  
J.M. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Lota Lota ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Liver Lipid Concentration ◽  
Boreal Fishes ◽  
Bladder Mass

Sexual dimorphic characteristics arise in response to differing selective pressures on the sexes and can be used to attract mates or signal reproductive readiness. How sexual dimorphism is expressed where visual cues may be of limited use is an underexplored aspect of reproductive ecology. The burbot (Lota lota (L., 1758)) is a common boreal fish that is not overtly sexually dimorphic. It spawns mid-winter in a light-limited under-ice environment. We examined a variety of morphological and reproductive characteristics in burbot from a northern lake over one full year to assess both seasonal and sex-based variation. Spawning occurred under ice in early February. Seasonal variation was more pronounced in females for many of the traits examined. Growth, fin lengths, swim bladder mass, and liver lipid concentration did not differ between the sexes. Male burbot had significantly higher body condition, larger gas glands, and smaller livers. Males also had significantly larger gonads than females, unusual for boreal fishes. The high gonadal investment of male burbot suggests that sperm competition may be intense in this species. This study demonstrates that sexual dimorphism can be subtle and is present in a seemingly monomorphic species—the burbot.

Xps and Voltammetry Studies of Redox Behavior of Lacrl1− NixO3 Electrodes

1998 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Vovk ◽  
Xiaohua Chen ◽  
Charles A. Mims
Keyword(s):  
Redox State ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Redox Properties ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Redox Behavior ◽  
Heated Sample

ABSTRACTAn in-situ XPS and voltammetry investigation of the redox properties of LaCrj1-xNixO3(x = 0.4, 1) was carried out by incorporating the materials as one electrode in an electrochemical cell (LaCr1xNixO3|YSZ|Pd:PdO), which was directly mounted on a heated sample stage in an ultra high vacuum (UHV) chamber. Under a 0.7V cathodic bias, the perovskites reduce from formal oxidation state of Ni3+ to Ni2+. This reduction is accompanied by wholesale shifts of the Cr and O core level binding energies, in keeping with the delocalized electronic states in the material. The adsorption properties of the surfaces are affected by the redox state of the surfaces; increased CO2adsorption is observed on the reduced (and therefore more basic) surface.

scholarly journals A More Oxidized Plasma Albumin Redox State and Lower Plasma HDL Particle Number Reflect Low-Protein Diet Ingestion in Adult Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Wada ◽  
Hirohisa Izumi ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
Yasuhiro Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Protein Nutrition ◽  
Low Protein

ABSTRACT Background Plasma albumin (ALB) redox state reflects protein nutritional status, but how it differs from other protein nutrition biomarkers remains to be fully elucidated. Objective This study aimed to delineate the characteristics of plasma ALB redox state as a protein nutrition biomarker. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were maintained on an AIN-93 M [14% casein, control (CT)] diet or an AIN-93 M-based 5% casein [low protein (LP)] diet ad libitum for 4 wk. Plasma samples were repeatedly obtained from the same rats at weeks 0–4, ALB redox state was determined by HPLC, and the concentrations of conventional protein nutrition biomarkers, ALB and transthyretin (TTR), were compared between the groups by Student t test. Body mass, relative muscle masses, plasma proteome, and plasma lipids at week 4 were also compared. Results Plasma ALB redox state shifted to a more oxidized state in the LP diet group compared with the CT diet group at weeks 1–4. The LP diet group also showed significantly lower plasma ALB concentrations at weeks 1 and 2 (13% and 11% lower, respectively) and significantly lower TTR concentration at week 1 (21% lower) compared with the CT diet group, but these concentrations did not differ significantly at weeks 3 and 4. After 4 wk, body mass and relative soleus and gastrocnemius muscle masses did not differ, but the relative plantaris muscle mass tended to be 4% lower (1.75 compared with 1.68 g/kg body mass) in the LP diet group compared with the CT group (P = 0.06). The LP diet group also had a significantly lower HDL particle number than the CT group (30% lower). Conclusions A more oxidized plasma ALB redox state and lower plasma HDL particle number reflect LP diet ingestion in adult rats, which did not exhibit changes of plasma ALB and TTR concentrations.

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