Surface preparation and bend ductility of nial

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2593-2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Schneibel ◽  
S. R. Agnew ◽  
C. A. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Bend Ductility

EELS characterization of “Smut” layer films on steel surface prepared for chrome plating by anodic etching

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
E Y. Wang ◽  
J. T. Cherian ◽  
A. Madsen ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Many steel parts are electro-plated with chromium to protect them against corrosion and to improve their wear-resistance. Good adhesion of the chrome plate to the steel surface, which is essential for long term durability of the part, is extremely dependent on surface preparation prior to plating. Recently, McDonnell Douglas developed a new pre-treatment method for chrome plating in which the steel is anodically etched in a sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution. On carbon steel surfaces, this anodic pre-treatment produces a dark, loosely adhering material that is commonly called the “smut” layer. On stainless steels and nickel alloys, the surface is only darkened by the anodic pre-treatment and little residue is produced. Anodic pre-treatment prior to hard chrome plating results in much better adherence to both carbon and alloy steels.We have characterized the anodic pre-treated steel surface and the resulting “smut” layer using various techniques including electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on bulk samples and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) on stripped films.

Selective Corrosion of brazed joint between BNi-2 filler metal and stainless steel 316

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
H. S. Kim ◽  
R. U. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Heating Element ◽  
Incomplete Fusion ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Leak Test ◽  
High Temperature Side ◽  
Inconel 600

A heating element/electrical conduit assembly used in the Orbiter Maneuvering System failed a leak test during a routine refurbishment inspection. The conduit, approximately 100 mm in length and 12 mm in diameter, was fabricated from two tubes and braze-joined with a sleeve. The tube on the high temperature side (heating element side) and the sleeve were made of Inconel 600 and the other tube was stainless steel (SS) 316. For the filler metal, a Ni-Cr-B brazing alloy per AWS BNi-2, was used. A Helium leak test spotted the leak located at the joint between the sleeve and SS 316 tubing. This joint was dissected, mounted in a plastic mold, polished, and examined with an optical microscope. Debonding of the brazed surfaces was noticed, more pronounced toward the sleeve end which was exposed to uncontrolled atmospheric conditions intermittently. Initially, lack of wetting was suspected, presumably caused by inadequate surface preparation or incomplete fusion of the filler metal. However, this postulation was later discarded based upon the following observations: (1) The angle of wetting between the fillet and tube was small, an indication of adequate wetting, (2) the fillet did not exhibit a globular microstructure which would be an indication of insufficient melting of the filler metal, and (3) debonding was intermittent toward the midsection of the sleeve.

Effect of surface preparation of ABM-1 alloy on properties of glued joints

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-126
Author(s):  
L. I. Anikhovskaya ◽  
V. S. Kas’kov ◽  
E. A. Kuznetsova ◽  
L. P. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Glued Joints ◽  
Effect Of Surface

scholarly journals The Use of Ion Milling for Surface Preparation for EBSD Analysis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3970
Author(s):  
Wojciech J. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Etching ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Metallic Matrix ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Ebsd Analysis ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Electron Backscattered Diffraction

An electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) method provides information about the crystallographic structure of materials. However, a surface subjected to analysis needs to be well-prepared. This usually requires following a time-consuming procedure of mechanical polishing. The alternative methods of surface preparation for EBSD are performed via electropolishing or focus ion beam (FIB). In the present study, plasma etching using a glow discharge optical emission spectrometer (GD-OES) was applied for surface preparation for EBSD analysis. The obtained results revealed that plasma etching through GD-OES can be successfully used for surface preparation for EBSD analysis. However, it was also found that the plasma etching is sensitive for the alloy microstructure, i.e., the presence of intermetallic phases and precipitates such as carbides possess a different sputtering rate, resulting in non-uniform plasma etching. Preparation of the cross-section of oxidized CM247 revealed a similar problem with non-uniformity of plasma etching. The carbides and oxide scale possess a lower sputtering rate than the metallic matrix, which caused formation of relief. Based on obtained results, possible resolutions to suppress the effect of different sputtering rates are proposed.

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