A generalized procedure for predicting bone mass regulation by mechanical strain

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Viceconti ◽  
Ali Seireg
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Bone Mass Regulation

scholarly journals Wnt1 is an Lrp5-independent bone-anabolic Wnt ligand

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (466) ◽  
pp. eaau7137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Luther ◽  
Timur Alexander Yorgan ◽  
Tim Rolvien ◽  
Lorenz Ulsamer ◽  
Till Koehne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
And Function ◽  
Mass Increase ◽  
Bone Mass Regulation

WNT1mutations in humans are associated with a new form of osteogenesis imperfecta and with early-onset osteoporosis, suggesting a key role of WNT1 in bone mass regulation. However, the general mode of action and the therapeutic potential of Wnt1 in clinically relevant situations such as aging remain to be established. Here, we report the high prevalence of heterozygousWNT1mutations in patients with early-onset osteoporosis. We show that inactivation of Wnt1 in osteoblasts causes severe osteoporosis and spontaneous bone fractures in mice. In contrast, conditional Wnt1 expression in osteoblasts promoted rapid bone mass increase in developing young, adult, and aged mice by rapidly increasing osteoblast numbers and function. Contrary to current mechanistic models, loss of Lrp5, the co-receptor thought to transmit extracellular WNT signals during bone mass regulation, did not reduce the bone-anabolic effect of Wnt1, providing direct evidence that Wnt1 function does not require the LRP5 co-receptor. The identification of Wnt1 as a regulator of bone formation and remodeling provides the basis for development of Wnt1-targeting drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Influence of body weight on bone mass, architecture and turnover

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (3) ◽  
pp. R115-R130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula T Iwaniec ◽  
Russell T Turner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Mechanical Signaling ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
Surrogate Measures

Weight-dependent loading of the skeleton plays an important role in establishing and maintaining bone mass and strength. This review focuses on mechanical signaling induced by body weight as an essential mechanism for maintaining bone health. In addition, the skeletal effects of deviation from normal weight are discussed. The magnitude of mechanical strain experienced by bone during normal activities is remarkably similar among vertebrates, regardless of size, supporting the existence of a conserved regulatory mechanism, or mechanostat, that senses mechanical strain. The mechanostat functions as an adaptive mechanism to optimize bone mass and architecture based on prevailing mechanical strain. Changes in weight, due to altered mass, weightlessness (spaceflight), and hypergravity (modeled by centrifugation), induce an adaptive skeletal response. However, the precise mechanisms governing the skeletal response are incompletely understood. Furthermore, establishing whether the adaptive response maintains the mechanical competence of the skeleton has proven difficult, necessitating the development of surrogate measures of bone quality. The mechanostat is influenced by regulatory inputs to facilitate non-mechanical functions of the skeleton, such as mineral homeostasis, as well as hormones and energy/nutrient availability that support bone metabolism. Although the skeleton is very capable of adapting to changes in weight, the mechanostat has limits. At the limits, extreme deviations from normal weight and body composition are associated with impaired optimization of bone strength to prevailing body size.

Regulation of bone mass by mechanical strain magnitude

1985 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton T. Rubin ◽  
Lance E. Lanyon
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Strain Magnitude

scholarly journals The role of Dkk1 in bone mass regulation: Correlating serum Dkk1 expression with bone mineral density

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Butler ◽  
David W. Murray ◽  
Conor J. Hurson ◽  
Julie O'Brien ◽  
Peter P. Doran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Dkk1 Expression ◽  
Bone Mass Regulation

Does short-term administration of glucagon-like peptide type 2 affect bone mass and markers of bone remodeling in short bowel patients?

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A314-A314
Author(s):  
K HADERSLEV ◽  
P JEPPESEN ◽  
B HARTMANN ◽  
J THULESEN ◽  
J GRAFF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Bowel ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide
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