Presence of intracisternal type A particles in normal bone tissue from various mouse strains

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Horst Marquart
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Type A ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Normal Bone Tissue

scholarly journals Osseous Choristoma of the Tongue: A Review of Etiopathogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Gorini ◽  
Mauro Mullace ◽  
Luca Migliorini ◽  
Emilio Mevio
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Oral Region ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Normal Bone Tissue

Osseous choristoma is a normal bone tissue in an ectopic position. In the oral region lingual localization occurs more frequently and the mass is generally localized on the dorsum of the tongue. Definitive diagnosis is obtained only after histopathologic examination. The etiology remains already debatable. The treatment of choice is surgical excision. In this paper we present a case of tongue osseous choristoma and a review of the literature.

scholarly journals Genes associated with inflammation and bone remodeling are highly expressed in the bone of patients with the early-stage cam-type femoroacetabular impingement

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanying Gao ◽  
Ruiqi Wu ◽  
Rongge Liu ◽  
Jianquan Wang ◽  
Yingfang Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Impingement Zone

Abstract Background Recent studies have shown high expression levels of certain inflammatory, anabolic, and catabolic genes in the articular cartilage from the impingement zone of the hips with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), representing an increased metabolic state. Nevertheless, little is known about the molecular properties of bone tissue from the impingement zone of hips with FAI. Methods Bone tissue samples from patients with early-stage cam-type FAI were collected during hip arthroscopy for treatment of cam-type FAI. Control bone tissue samples were collected from six patients who underwent total hip replacement because of a femoral neck fracture. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to determine the gene expression associated with inflammation and bone remodeling. The differences in the gene expression in bone tissues from the patients with early-stage cam-type FAI were also evaluated based on clinical parameters. Results In all, 12 patients with early-stage cam-type FAI and six patients in the control group were included in this study. Compared to the control samples, the bone tissue samples from patients with FAI showed higher expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) (P < 0.05). IL-1 expression was detected only in the control group. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in IL-8 expression between the patients with FAI and the control group. The patients with FAI having a body mass index (BMI) of >24 kg/m2 showed higher ALP expression (P < 0.05). Further, the expression of IL-6 and ALP was higher in the patients with FAI in whom the lateral center-edge angle was >30° (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our results indicated the metabolic condition of bone tissues in patients with early-stage cam-type FAI differed from that of normal bone in the femoral head-neck junction. The expression levels of the genes associated with inflammation and bone remodeling were higher in the bone tissue of patients with early-stage cam-type FAI than in the patients with normal bone tissue.

scholarly journals Bicuspid Aortic Valve in 2 Model Species and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Fernández ◽  
María Teresa Soto-Navarrete ◽  
Alejandro López-García ◽  
Miguel Ángel López-Unzu ◽  
Ana Carmen Durán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Bicuspid Aortic Valve ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Type A ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Genetic Modifiers ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Malformation

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common human congenital cardiac malformation. Although the etiology is unknown for most patients, formation of the 2 main BAV anatomic types (A and B) has been shown to rely on distinct morphogenetic mechanisms. Animal models of BAV include 2 spontaneous hamster strains and 27 genetically modified mouse strains. To assess the value of these models for extrapolation to humans, we examined the aortic valve anatomy of 4340 hamsters and 1823 mice from 8 and 7 unmodified strains, respectively. In addition, we reviewed the literature describing BAV in nonhuman mammals. The incidences of BAV types A and B were 2.3% and 0.03% in control hamsters and 0% and 0.3% in control mice, respectively. Hamsters from the spontaneous model had BAV type A only, whereas mice from 2 of 27 genetically modified strains had BAV type A, 23 of 27 had BAV type B, and 2 of 27 had both BAV types. In both species, BAV incidence was dependent on genetic background. Unlike mice, hamsters had a wide spectrum of aortic valve morphologies. We showed interspecific differences in the occurrence of BAV between humans, hamsters, and mice that should be considered when studying aortic valve disease using animal models. Our results suggest that genetic modifiers play a significant role in both the morphology and incidence of BAV. We propose that mutations causing anomalies in specific cardiac morphogenetic processes or cell lineages may lead to BAV types A, B, or both, depending on additional genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors.

Superoxide dismutase 3 is expressed in bone tissue and required for normal bone homeostasis and mineralization

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilie L. Matthiesen ◽  
Lili Hu ◽  
Astrid S. Torslev ◽  
Ebbe T. Poulsen ◽  
Ulrike G. Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 3

scholarly journals Lymphotoxin-αPlays Only a Minor Role in Host Resistance to Respiratory Infection with Virulent Type AFrancisella tularensisin Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng Zhang ◽  
Rhonda KuoLee ◽  
Greg Harris ◽  
Qinxian Zhang ◽  
J. Wayne Conlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Type A ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Virulent Type ◽  
Leukocyte Influx

This study examined the role of lymphotoxin (LT)-αin host defense against airborne infection withFrancisella tularensis, a gram-negative facultative intracellular bacterium and the causative agent of tularemia. Following a low-dose aerosol infection with the highly virulent type A strain ofF. tularensis, mice deficient in LTα(LTα−/−) consistently harbored approximately 10-fold fewer bacteria in their spleens at day 2 and 10-fold more bacteria in their lungs at day 4 than LTα+/+ mice. However, the mortality and median time to death were indistinguishable between the two mouse strains. In addition, the inflammatory responses to the infection, as reflected by the cytokine levels and leukocyte influx in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and histopathological analysis, were generally similar between LTα−/− and LTα+/+ mice. These data suggest that although LTαdoes not contribute significantly to the resistance and host responses of mice to airborne type AF. tularensisinfection, it does play a subtle role in the multiplication/dissemination ofF. tularensis.

scholarly journals miR-194 Suppresses Proliferation and Migration and Promotes Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma Cells by Targeting CDH2

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1966-1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinglei Miao ◽  
Weiguo Wang ◽  
Song Wu ◽  
Xiaofang Zang ◽  
Yuezhan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumour Suppressor ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cell ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cells ◽  
Migration Assay ◽  
Tumour Suppression ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Proliferation Ability ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Normal Bone Tissue ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Background/Aims: Studies have shown that miR-194 functions as a tumour suppressor and is associated with tumour growth and metastasis. This study intends to uncover the mechanism of tumour suppression by miR-194. The expression of miR-194 in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues were monitored by real-time PCR. Methods: The proliferation ability was examined by MTT assay. Migration and apoptosis of cells were monitored by migration assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The regulation of miR-194 on CDH2 was determined by luciferase assays and western blot assays. Results: The results showed that miR-194 was significantly reduced in osteosarcoma compared with that in normal bone tissue. Overexpression of miR-194 significantly attenuated the proliferation and migration and induced the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-194 has inhibited the malignant behaviour of osteosarcoma by downregulating CDH2 expression. Conclusions: These findings suggested that miR-194 may act as a tumour suppressor in osteosarcoma. miR-194/CDH2 may be a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Enhanced Osteoblast Functions on Nanophase Titania in Poly-lactic-co-glycolic Acid (PLGA) Composites

2004 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huinan Liu ◽  
Elliott B. Slamovich ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Nanostructured Material ◽  
Term Functions ◽  
Orthopedic Applications ◽  
First Time ◽  
Normal Bone Tissue

ABSTRACTMuch work is needed in the design of more effective bone tissue engineering materials to induce the growth of normal bone tissue. Nanotechnology offers exciting alternatives to traditional bone implants since bone itself is a nanostructured material composed of nanofibered hydroxyapatite well-dispersed in a mostly collagen matrix. For this purpose, poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) was dissolved in chloroform and nanometer grain size titania was dispersed by various sonication powers from 0 W to 166 W. Previous results demonstrated that the dispersion of titania in PLGA was enhanced by increasing the intensity of sonication and that greater osteoblast (bone-forming cells) adhesion correlated with improved nanophase titania dispersion in PLGA. However, adhesion of osteoblasts to material surfaces, alone, is not adequate to determine long-term functions of implant materials. For this reason, and as a next step to determine the efficacy of nanocomposites in bone applications, subsequent functions of osteoblasts on nanophase titania/PLGA composites were investigated in vitro in this study. For the first time, results correlated better osteoblast long-term functions, specifically the deposition of calcium-containing mineral, with improved nanophase titania dispersions in PLGA.In this manner, the present study demonstrated that PLGA composites with well-dispersed nanophase titania can improve osteoblast functions necessary for the further investigation of these materials in orthopedic applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document