Effect of chronic ethanol administration on cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in vivo

Lipids ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Lakshman ◽  
Atam D. Gupta ◽  
Richard L. Veech
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bile Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Chronic Ethanol Administration

scholarly journals Biogeography of microbial bile acid transformations along the murine gut

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1450-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solenne Marion ◽  
Lyne Desharnais ◽  
Nicolas Studer ◽  
Yuan Dong ◽  
Matheus D. Notter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bile Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bile Acid Pool Size ◽  
Host Signaling ◽  
Gut Microorganisms ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Bile acids, which are synthesized from cholesterol by the liver, are chemically transformed along the intestinal tract by the gut microbiota, and the products of these transformations signal through host receptors, affecting overall host health. These transformations include bile acid deconjugation, oxidation, and 7α-dehydroxylation. An understanding of the biogeography of bile acid transformations in the gut is critical because deconjugation is a prerequisite for 7α-dehydroxylation and because most gut microorganisms harbor bile acid transformation capacity. Here, we used a coupled metabolomic and metaproteomic approach to probe in vivo activity of the gut microbial community in a gnotobiotic mouse model. Results revealed the involvement of Clostridium scindens in 7α-dehydroxylation, of the genera Muribaculum and Bacteroides in deconjugation, and of six additional organisms in oxidation (the genera Clostridium, Muribaculum, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Acutalibacter, and Akkermansia). Furthermore, the bile acid profile in mice with a more complex microbiota, a dysbiosed microbiota, or no microbiota was considered. For instance, conventional mice harbor a large diversity of bile acids, but treatment with an antibiotic such as clindamycin results in the complete inhibition of 7α-dehydroxylation, underscoring the strong inhibition of organisms that are capable of carrying out this process by this compound. Finally, a comparison of the hepatic bile acid pool size as a function of microbiota revealed that a reduced microbiota affects host signaling but not necessarily bile acid synthesis. In this study, bile acid transformations were mapped to the associated active microorganisms, offering a systematic characterization of the relationship between microbiota and bile acid composition.

scholarly journals Chronic ethanol administration depresses fatty acid synthesis in rat adipose tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 251 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Wilson ◽  
M A Korsten ◽  
L P Donnelly ◽  
P W Colley ◽  
J B Somer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Chronic Ethanol Administration

Administration of ethanol as part of a nutritionally adequate liquid diet to female Wistar rats was found to depress markedly incorporation of labelled glucose into adipose-tissue acylglycerol fatty acids. Similar results with labelled pyruvate and acetate suggested inhibition of the fatty-acid-synthesis pathway at, or distal to, the acetyl-CoA carboxylase step. Activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase were markedly lower in ethanol-fed animals. The activity of another lipogenic enzyme, phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, was not affected by chronic ethanol feeding. These findings suggest that chronic ethanol administration has marked effects on adipose-tissue lipogenesis.

scholarly journals Bile acid synthesis in man. In vivo activity of the 25-hydroxylation pathway.

1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
W C Duane ◽  
P A Pooler ◽  
J N Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bile Acid Synthesis

In vivo evaluation of bile acid synthesis in patients with cerebrotendinous xhantomatosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. S75-S76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Del Puppo ◽  
Federica Corna ◽  
Maria Teresa Dotti ◽  
Emma De Fabiani ◽  
Marzia Galli Kienle
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bile Acid Synthesis ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

scholarly journals The effect of chronic ethanol administration on lipogenesis in liver and adipose tissue in the rat

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Cascales ◽  
Manuel Benito ◽  
María Cascales ◽  
Trinidad Caldés ◽  
Angel Santos-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Chronic Ethanol Administration ◽  
Food And Drink

1. Rates of lipogenesis de novo have been studied in liver and epididymal fat pads of male rats chronically treated with ethanol. A solution of ethanol (150 ml/l) was administered as the only drinking fluid for 3 months with a standard solid diet; both food and drink were available ad lib.2. Lipogenesis in vivo was measured by the incorporation of tritiated water into lipid fractions: non-saponifiable lipid and fatty acids. Non-saponifiable lipid, both in liver and in adipose tissue, was unaffected by ethanol treatment. However, fatty acid synthesis de novo was significantly enhanced in both liver and adipose tissue, by 150 and 300% respectively.3. Plasma triacylglycerol and non-esterified fatty acid levels were unchanged and plasma glucose concentration slightly increased by ethanol administration.4. The rate of lipogenesis increased when insulin: glucagon increased twofold due to the effect of ethanol.

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