Social organization in a wild population ofCallithrix jacchus: II. Intragroup social behavior

Primates ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie J. Digby
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Wild Population

scholarly journals GÊNERO E SOCIEDADE: EXPLICAÇÕES DE SUAS RELAÇÕES E EFEITOS EDUCACIONAIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Alencar Zidani Manuel da Silva ◽  
Raul Aragão Martins
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Educational Organization ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship

This article works on Vygotsky’s (1987) conceptions of the relationship between thought and language from a perspective of influence on cognitive development and the formation of the view on gender proposed by the school. In this sense, we also noted the construction of stereotypes understood by Brunneli (2016) as major influences on social behavior and discourse, relating, from this perspective, and being able to explain actions and interactions that are studied by social psychology. Nevertheless, the studies of Cunha and Góes (2002), Xavier, Ribeiro and Noronha (1994) were used to understand how the formation of these stereotypes that were disseminated influenced the educational organization and cooperated to maintain the status quo, that is, inequality and its justifications. Also, to understand the new questions that arise about sexuality, it was necessary to analyze the studies of Louro (1997) and Oliveira e Santos (2012) to understand these new dynamics and perspectives that arise to think about a school concerned with the present, leaving aside your worries about yesterday. Therefore, it was perceived how these relations coexisted and fostered a social organization based on a purpose not only to justify hierarchical power relations, but also to maintain them using strategic sectors such as education and, consequently, the school.

Social Organization and Social Behavior in Two Subspecies of Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

1978 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally P. Mendoza ◽  
Edna L. Lowe ◽  
Seymour Levine
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Squirrel Monkeys ◽  
Saimiri Sciureus

Life-history patterns in female wild boars (Sus scrofa): mother–daughter postweaning associations

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kaminski ◽  
S Brandt ◽  
E Baubet ◽  
C Baudoin
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Before And After ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Life History Patterns

Mother–daughter postweaning associations in wild boars (Sus scrofa L., 1758) were investigated using 12 years' data from a wild population in Champagne, France. In the wild boar, a polygynous ungulate species, females (i) can reproduce as soon as they are yearlings and (ii) generally have large litters, in contrast to many other ungulate species. It is generally thought that their social organization is centered around groups of adult females and their offspring, but genealogical relationships in female groups have never been studied. Hence this species is suitable for testing the hypothesis of a matrilineal social organization. We studied the occurrence and strength of mother–daughter associations before and after the first potential breeding of yearling females, using a total of 85 individuals. Seasonal fluctuations in associations were observed, but after weaning, daughters generally remained with the mother. When leaving their natal group, yearling females formed new kin groups with sisters. Two important factors involved in the postweaning associations were adult and yearling reproductive participation and maternal age. The present study constitutes the first clear demonstration that family groups, with overlapping generations of females, represent the typical social organization in a forest wild boar population.

scholarly journals Media-social behavior of Muhammadiyah members in China in the framework of Alexander Wendt's international communication constructivism

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Dani Fadillah ◽  
Uspal Jandevi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Social ◽  
Heating Up

This paper aims to determine how the social media behavior carried out by Muhammadiyah members in China after the Chinese government's viral repressive action towards the Uighur ethnic minority in the Xinjiang region. As an Islamic-based social organization, and even more geographically, both live in China, the Head of the Special Branch of Muhammadiyah China, the Nanjing Regional, certainly has its study regarding the issue which may have a different point of view from the views of most Indonesians on this matter and take action. to respond of the news that, the response of most Indonesians after the virality of the issue. Therefore, the author tries to explain how Muhammadiyah members' media behavior in China and their opinions to build amid Indonesian society after the viral news above uses constructivism logic developed by Alexander Wendt. This paper's conclusion shows that there are efforts by Muhammadiyah cadres in China to calm the heating up the domestic atmosphere as a form of creating a more conducive atmosphere between China and Indonesia.

scholarly journals Early Researchers and Development of Cultural Sociology

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Maria M. Goodson
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Cultural Sociology ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
The Social

Culture is the social behavior and norms found in human societies. Culture is considered a central concept in anthropology, encompassing the range of phenomena that are transmitted through social learning in human societies. Cultural universals are found in all human societies; these include expressive forms like art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies like tool usage, cooking, shelter, and clothing. The concept of material culture covers the physical expressions of culture, such as technology, architecture and art, whereas the immaterial aspects of culture such as principles of social organization (including practices of political organization and social institutions), mythology, philosophy, literature (both written and oral), and science comprise the intangible cultural heritage of a society.

Behavior of a Captive Population of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs

Behaviour ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 189-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Smith ◽  
Elizabeth C. Oppenheimer ◽  
Jill G. De VILLA ◽  
W. John Smith ◽  
Frederick A. Ulmer
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Prairie Dogs ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
The Social

Abstract(I) A colony of black-tailed prairie dogs in the Philadelphia zoo is being used for long term studies of various aspects of social behavior including pattern of social organization, stylized means of communicating, and the effects of individual behavioral differences on communication and social structure. (2) This report deals with the annual cycle of social behavior manifested by the colony during the first three years of study. In gross outline an annual cycle can be described as follows: during the summer most individuals have "friendly" inter-relationships, and little organization is apparent. During autumn the animals gradually band into coterie groups and each group begins to defend a common territory, primarily through a highly ritualized procedure of "challenging" neighbors across a common boundary. By midwinter the adult males are very aggressive. With the advent of the winter breeding season, the females too become aggressive, and some establish territories that may subdivide coterie territories. In spring males and then females gradually become less aggressive, so that by about the time the pups emerge onto the surface the relaxed social relationships typical of summer are developing generally. (3) The shifting pattern of social organization is based on the division of individuals into classes on the basis of sex, age, dominance, and coterie and other bonds, and modified by the considerable inter-individual differencees in what may loosely be called "temperament." (4) Comparisons of the patterns of social organization shown by the zoo prairie dogs with those thus far described in the literature for wild populations show fundamental similarities, although the very high density and lack of opportunity for emigration in the zoo colony have lead to some modifications which are described and discussed. (5) The complexity of the social; organization of the black-tailed prairie dog is unusual for a rodent, and a model is proposed to account for its evolution from more widespread patterns of rodent social behavior. As the model emphasizes the role of the very open grassland habitat of the species in intensifying the natural selection potentially responsible for the evolution of this socal complexity, it suggests that habitat similarities may underlie evolutionary convergences in the social systems of black-tailed prairie dogs and savanna-dwelling primates.

Odor preference and social behavior in meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus: seasonal differences

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2931-2937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Ferkin ◽  
Joshua O. Seamon
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Odor Preference ◽  
Nonbreeding Season ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Female Territoriality ◽  
Males And Females

Olfactory cues play a major role in inter- and intra-sexual agonistic behavior for Microtus pennsylvanicus. We show that seasonal changes in odor preference and behavioral interactions coincide with varying patterns of social organization. Odor preference trials were conducted in a Y maze and social behavior was measured in dyadic encounters in a neutral arena. During the breeding season, paired encounters between females contained more agonistic acts than did encounters between males, or those between males and females. Breeding males preferred the odor of females to the odor of conspecific males. In contrast, breeding females preferred their own odor and the odor of males to the odor of other females. The data support female exclusiveness during the breeding season. During the nonbreeding season, paired encounters between females contained fewer agonistic acts than did encounters between males or those between males and females. Nonbreeding females preferred the odor of female conspecifics to their own odor or the odor of male conspecifics. These results are consistent with group nesting and a relaxation of female territoriality during the nonbreeding season. Nonbreeding males did not exhibit a preference for their own odor, the odor of other males, or the odor of female conspecifics. Our results indicate that nonbreeding males are solitary, and overwintering groups are female-biased. Odor preferences may underlie seasonal changes in social organization.

Social Interaction and Social Organization of Israeli Fiveto Seven-Year-Olds

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Hertz-Lazarowitz ◽  
Dina Feitelson ◽  
Shoshana Zahavi ◽  
Willard W. Hartup
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Solitary Play ◽  
Parallel Play

Four hundred and eight children kindergartners and first-graders from three experimental infant schools in Israel were observed in outdoor free play, forty minutes each day, for three continuous weeks. Social interactions and social organization were recorded using a modified version of Parten's (1932) system of categorization. Findings showed that the children engaged mainly in positive-active behaviors (over fifty-four percent). Solitary play and onlooker behavior accounted for thirty percent of children's social behavior. Parallel play occurred less frequently than reported earlier for younger children, although no age differences were observed between kindergartners and first graders. Boys were significantly more active than girls, and exhibited negative social interaction more frequently. Social organization was balanced. Children were observed fifty-seven percent in dyads, twenty-seven percent in groups of three and four children, and fourteen percent in groups with more than five children. Kindergartners participated in significantly smaller groups than first graders.

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