Effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone on the physiology and morphology of the thyroid gland in coho salmon,Oncorhynchus kisutch

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Nishioka ◽  
E. Gordon Grau ◽  
Khiet V. Lai ◽  
Howard A. Bern
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Interaction of adrenals and thyroid in maintenance of body temperature of rats exposed to cold

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Cortisone Acetate ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The effects of cortisone acetate and thyroxine, administered separately or in combination, on colonic cooling rate (CCR) have been studied in restrained, adrenalectomized rats subjected to air at 5°C. Thyroxine alone at 5.0 µg/day reduced the rapid CCR of adrenalectomized rats but failed to return it to that of sham-operated rats. Cortisone acetate alone at 1.0 mg/day reduced CCR but also failed to restore it to normal. A higher dose (2.0 mg/day) was even less effective. Administration of 5.0 µg/day thyroxine simultaneously with 2.0–2.5 mg cortisone acetate returned CCR to that of sham-operated rats. Simultaneous administration of cortisone acetate with graded doses of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) to adrenalectomized rats resulted in greater reduction of CCR than with either treatment alone. Cortisone acetate did not appear to interfere either with tissue utilization of thyroxine or with thyroid gland response to TSH administration. The cooling test has also proved a useful tool for comparing potencies of a synthetic (dexamethasone) and a naturally occurring steroid (progesterone) with that of cortisone acetate. Dexamethasone is estimated to have a potency 700 times that of cortisone acetate, while progesterone is only one-third as potent.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR ACTIVITY IN THE NEONATAL RABBIT

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ŚLEBODZIŃSKI ◽  
Z. MACH ◽  
W. MALINOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Embryo Chick ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Nine-day chick embryos received grafts of hypothalamus, adenohypophysis, thyroid, and fat (controls) from 0-, 7-, 14- and 21-day-old rabbits to the chorio-allantois. In addition, aqueous rabbit adenohypophysial and hypothalamic extracts were given to 1-day-old chicks. Animals injected with thyrotrophin and saline served as controls. On the 5th day of incubation of treated embryos, or 24 h after the administration of the extracts, the chicks were killed and their thyroids studied histologically. The hypothalamic grafts or extracts activated the chick thyroid gland and a similar trend was found in adenohypophysial or thyroid-stimulating hormone-treated chicks. The degree of activation of the embryo chick thyroid gland was related to the age of the donor rabbit. In general, thyroidstimulating hormone-releasing factor activity in hypothalamic heterografts or extracts appeared first in 14-day-old rabbits and was correlated with increasing thyrotrophic potency of the rabbit adenohypophysis.

Lowering of Serum Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine Levels in Yearling Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, by Dietary Mirex and PCBs

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1285-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Leatherland ◽  
R. A. Sonstegard
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
Serum T4

Yearling coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, were fed diets contaminated with PCBs (500 μg or 50 μg/g dry feed), Mirex (50 μg or 5 μg/g dry feed), or a mixture of Mirex and PCBs (5 μg Mirex + 50 μg PCB/g dry feed) daily for 2 or 3 mo. Serum T3 and T4 levels were significantly reduced in fish fed the high Mirex diet for 2 or 3 mo. Serum T3 levels were reduced in fish fed the high PCB diet for 3 mo. Serum T3 and T4 levels were significantly reduced in fish fed the mixed Mirex–PCB diet for 3 mo. The significant increase in serum T4/T3 ratios in fish given the high Mirex or high PCB diet was not evident in fish given the mixed Mirex–PCB diet, suggesting a synergistic effect that is different from the effect of individual contaminants. Fish given the high PCB or high Mirex diet had significantly lower body weights than the control fish. Key words: organochlorines, teleost fish, thyroid gland, hormones, endocrines, synergism, pituitary gland

The effects of propylthiouracil, thyroxine, and hypophysectomy on the iodinating activity of the rat thyroid gland

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Zimmerman ◽  
C. C. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
The Third ◽  
Thyroxine Treatment ◽  
Rat Thyroid ◽  
Rat Thyroid Gland ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The effects of increasing or decreasing the endogenous secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone on the iodinating activity of the rat thyroid gland were investigated. The thyroid iodinating activity of rats on 0.01% propylthiouracil in the drinking water increased linearly for 3 days and reached a maximum of 230 to 240% of the control on or about the fourth day of treatment. The daily injection of thyroxine (10 μg/100 g intraperitoneally) or hypophysectomy resulted in a rapid decrease in the iodinating activity between the first and second day, approaching a basal level by the third day. When the iodinating activity was suppressed for 4 days by daily injections of thyroxine, the activity began to rise on the fifth day after termination of thyroxine treatment.

The effects of insulin on TSH secretion and the morphology and physiology of the thyroid in the lizard Podarcis s. sicula

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Capaldo ◽  
Vincenza Laforgia ◽  
Rosaria Sciarrillo ◽  
Antimo Cavagnuolo
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Podarcis Sicula ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

AbstractInsulin was administered to Podarcis sicula in winter, when the thyroid gland is inhibited. The activity of the thyroid increased, plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones and hepatic 5'-monodeiodinase activity (MDA) increased, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations fell to undetectable values. This result confirms the influence of insulin on the activity of the thyroid gland in the lizard species studied. The mechanisms are still unclear, although there is evidence which leads us to believe that insulin is directly responsible for thyroid activation.

scholarly journals The effect of iodine in patients using povidone-iodine mouth wash on thyroid function

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Shankar Murugesan ◽  
Manju Priya Venkat
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mouth Wash ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thyroid gland is a key part of endocrine system and it performs its functions via two most important thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid gland is mainly regulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Povidone-iodine (polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine, PVP-I) mouthwash is commonly used to treat infections of the oral cavity and oropharynx and iodine released from PVP-I can interfere with thyroid function. In this study the effect of brief treatment with povidone-iodine mouth wash on thyroid function was assessed. The aim of the present study was to assess whether iodine is absorbed through oral transmucosal route and interfere with TSH in serum.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty one patients with acute and chronic pharyngitis and tonsillitis were recruited and out of which forty-seven patients were treated with 20 ml of PVP-I mouthwash twice daily for 3 weeks and blood was collected from the respective patients before and after treatment with PVP-I. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentration was measured from the collected blood samples of the patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the present study there was a small increase in serum TSH concentration during the therapy with PVP-I but the concentration determined was within the normal range.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Based on the results of this study we conclude that the use of PVP-I for a brief period transiently increase TSH value and prolonged use should be avoided in people with an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction and other autoimmune disorders.</p>

scholarly journals Thyroid-stimulating hormone, leptin and insulin resistance in patients with obesity after bariatric surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Anna R. Volkova ◽  
Michael B. Fishman ◽  
Galina V. Semikova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Spontaneous Reduction ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

BACKGROUND: The function of the thyroid gland effects on obesity and comorbidities. It has been proven for bariatric surgery to be the most effective in obesity treatment. AIM: to evaluate the dynamics of body weight, thyroid status, leptin and insulin resistance in obese patients after bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 74 obese patients were observed after bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy 42, gastric bypass - 32); initial body mass index (BMI), thyroid stimulating hormone, free T4, fasting plasma leptin, insulin and glucose were estimated; the insulin resistance index HOMA-IR was calculated. The dynamics of body weight was estimated by BMI and the excess BMI loss (% EBMIL). After 3 years of follow-up, 48 patients were examined. RESULTS: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) was detected in 36.5% of patients with high degrees of obesity. A correlation was found between BMI and TSH level (R=0.5; p=0.01). HOMA-IR was increased in most patients with obesity of the II and III degree (4.81.9 ng / ml). In the SH group, the leptin level was significantly higher than in the group with a normal TSH level of 43.07.3 ng / ml and 33.24.6 ng / ml (p=0.004). Among patients with initial SH, spontaneous reduction of TSH levels occurred in 45% patients 3 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperatively, the BMI decrease was associated with the decrease of TSH, leptin and HOMA-IR. The data obtained may reflect the effect of adipose tissue on the functional state of the thyroid gland in patients with high degrees of obesity after bariatric surgery. This seems to be extremely important for maintaining body weight.

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