Directional cell-to-cell communication in the Arabidopsis root apical meristem I. An ultrastructural and functional analysis

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 203 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zhu ◽  
W. J. Lucas ◽  
T. L. Rost
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Arabidopsis Root

scholarly journals Cytokinin Induces Cell Division in the Quiescent Center of the Arabidopsis Root Apical Meristem

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (20) ◽  
pp. 1979-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
Ranjan Swarup ◽  
Malcolm Bennett ◽  
G. Eric Schaller ◽  
Joseph J. Kieber
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Quiescent Center ◽  
Arabidopsis Root

scholarly journals Anchorene is an endogenous diapocarotenoid required for anchor root formation in Arabidopsis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Peng Jia ◽  
Alexandra J. Dickinson ◽  
Jianing Mi ◽  
Guoxin Cui ◽  
Najeh M. Kharbatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Arabidopsis Root ◽  
Auxin Homeostasis ◽  
Chemical Inhibitors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Natural Metabolite

AbstractArabidopsis root development is predicted to be regulated by yet unidentified carotenoid-derived metabolite(s). In this work, we screened known and putative carotenoid cleavage products and identified anchorene, a predicted carotenoid-derived dialdehyde (diapocarotenoid) that triggers anchor root development. Anchor roots are the least characterized type of root in Arabidopsis. They form at the root-shoot junction, particularly upon damage to the root apical meristem. Using Arabidopsis reporter lines, mutants and chemical inhibitors, we show that anchor roots originate from pericycle cells and that the development of this root type is auxin-dependent and requires carotenoid biosynthesis. Transcriptome analysis and treatment of auxin-reporter lines indicate that anchorene triggers anchor root development by modulating auxin homeostasis. Exogenous application of anchorene restored anchor root development in carotenoid-deficient plants, indicating that this compound is the carotenoid-derived signal required for anchor root development. Chemical modifications of anchorene led to a loss of anchor root promoting activity, suggesting that this compound is highly specific. Furthermore, we demonstrate by LC-MS analysis that anchorene is a natural, endogenous Arabidopsis metabolite. Taken together, our work reveals a new member of the family of carotenoid-derived regulatory metabolites and hormones.SignificanceUnknown carotenoid-derived compounds are predicted to regulate different aspects of plant development. Here, we characterize the development of anchor roots, the least characterized root type in Arabidopsis, and show that this process depends on auxin and requires a carotenoid-derived metabolite. We identified a presumed carotenoid-derivative, anchorene, as the likely, specific signal involved in anchor root formation. We further show that anchorene is a natural metabolite that occurs in Arabidopsis. Based on the analysis of auxin reporter lines and transcriptome data, we provide evidence that anchorene triggers the growth of anchor roots by modulating auxin homeostasis. Taken together, our work identifies a novel carotenoid-derived growth regulator with a specific developmental function.

scholarly journals Plastid-Localized Glutathione Reductase2-Regulated Glutathione Redox Status Is Essential for Arabidopsis Root Apical Meristem Maintenance

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 4451-4468 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Yu ◽  
T. Pasternak ◽  
M. Eiblmeier ◽  
F. Ditengou ◽  
P. Kochersperger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Arabidopsis Root ◽  
Meristem Maintenance ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Directional cell-to-cell communication in theArabidopsis root apical meristem II. Dynamics of plasmodesmatal formation

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 204 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zhu ◽  
R. L. O'Quinn ◽  
W. J. Lucas ◽  
T. L. Rost
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Root Apical Meristem

Critical level of radiation damage of root apical meristem and mechanisms for its recovery in Pisum sativum L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Kravets ◽  
A. N. Mikheev ◽  
L. G. Ovsyannikova ◽  
D. M. Grodzinsky
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

scholarly journals Sound Waves Promote Arabidopsis thaliana Root Growth by Regulating Root Phytohormone Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5739
Author(s):  
Joo Yeol Kim ◽  
Hyo-Jun Lee ◽  
Jin A Kim ◽  
Mi-Jeong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Ethylene Signaling ◽  
Sound Waves

Sound waves affect plants at the biochemical, physical, and genetic levels. However, the mechanisms by which plants respond to sound waves are largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of sound waves on Arabidopsis thaliana growth. The results of the study showed that Arabidopsis seeds exposed to sound waves (100 and 100 + 9k Hz) for 15 h per day for 3 day had significantly longer root growth than that in the control group. The root length and cell number in the root apical meristem were significantly affected by sound waves. Furthermore, genes involved in cell division were upregulated in seedlings exposed to sound waves. Root development was affected by the concentration and activity of some phytohormones, including cytokinin and auxin. Analysis of the expression levels of genes regulating cytokinin and auxin biosynthesis and signaling showed that cytokinin and ethylene signaling genes were downregulated, while auxin signaling and biosynthesis genes were upregulated in Arabidopsis exposed to sound waves. Additionally, the cytokinin and auxin concentrations of the roots of Arabidopsis plants increased and decreased, respectively, after exposure to sound waves. Our findings suggest that sound waves are potential agricultural tools for improving crop growth performance.

scholarly journals AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR LOCALISED PROTEIN 18 as a Novel Modulator of Root System Architecture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Šírl ◽  
Tereza Šnajdrová ◽  
Dolores Gutiérrez-Alanís ◽  
Joseph G. Dubrovsky ◽  
Jean Phillipe Vielle-Calzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Lateral Root Initiation

The AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR LOCALIZED PROTEIN (AHL) gene family encodes embryophyte-specific nuclear proteins with DNA binding activity. They modulate gene expression and affect various developmental processes in plants. We identify AHL18 (At3G60870) as a developmental modulator of root system architecture and growth. AHL18 regulates the length of the proliferation domain and number of dividing cells in the root apical meristem and thereby, cell production. Both primary root growth and lateral root development respond according to AHL18 transcription level. The ahl18 knock-out plants show reduced root systems due to a shorter primary root and a lower number of lateral roots. This change results from a higher number of arrested and non-developing lateral root primordia (LRP) rather than from decreased initiation. Overexpression of AHL18 results in a more extensive root system, longer primary roots, and increased density of lateral root initiation events. Formation of lateral roots is affected during the initiation of LRP and later development. AHL18 regulate root apical meristem activity, lateral root initiation and emergence, which is in accord with localization of its expression.

Primary vascular patterns in root meristems of Pontederia cordata and their relevance to studies of root development

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 1351-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Charlton
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
Quiescent Centre ◽  
Vascular Differentiation ◽  
Pontederia Cordata ◽  
Distribution Of Components ◽  
Root Apices

There are several files of metaxylem cells in root apices of Pontederia cordata L., each considered to consist of a series of prospective vessels with their ends in contact. Two longitudinally adjacent vessels may be in the same file of cells produced by the root apex or in adjacent files. As the root grows, successive prospective vessels are added to the apical ends of most of the files but not all files are continued. Addition of prospective vessels appears to take place within the "quiescent centre" of the root apical meristem. Where files are not continued there is no immediate readjustment of remaining files. The longitudinal and transverse distribution of components of the vascular system (including protophloem and protoxylem) is discussed in relation to the means by which the pattern of development may be controlled. Rates of production of vessels and the final lengths of the vessels are estimated. The observations and deductions are discussed in relation to other studies of root growth, vascular differentiation, and vascular pattern formation and maintenance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document