scholarly journals The effect of buformin upon blood glucose level of normal rats and carbohydrate metabolism of the isolated rat diaphragm

Diabetologia ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Strohfeldt ◽  
H. P. Mei�ner ◽  
K. F. Weinges
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Isolated Rat

Antidiabetic potential of polyphenolic-rich fraction of Tamarindus indica seed coat in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Singh Bhadoriya ◽  
Aditya Ganeshpurkar ◽  
Ravi Pratap Singh Bhadoriya ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Sahu ◽  
Jay Ram Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Isolated Rat

AbstractBackground:Tamarindusis a monotypic genus and belongs to the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the family Leguminosae (Fabaceae),Tamarindus indicaL., commonly known as Tamarind tree is one of the most important multipurpose tropical fruit tree species in the India, Sudan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and entire subcontinent.Methods:Hydroethanolic seed coat extract ofTamarindus indica(HETI) was assessed for presence of phytoconstituents and selection of optimum dose through acute and sub acute toxicity study. The single and multidose (14 days) study were conducted to evaluate antidiabetic potential of HETI in alloxan induced rats via determine of blood glucose level, body weight, hematological profile, extra-pancreatic glucose utilization of isolated rat hemi-diaphragm as well as histopathology of rat pancreas.Results:Phytochemical analysis of HETI showed the presence of polyphenol like flavonoids. Single and multidose of HETI significantly (p<0.05; p<0.001) reduced blood glucose level in normoglycaemic, glucose loaded and alloxan induced hyperglycaemic animals. HETI exerts the protective effect on pancreatic β-cells as per results obtained from histopathology of animals. Moreover, HETI increased glucose uptake in isolated rat hemi-diaphragm and prevents decrease in body weight along with recovery of altered hematological parameters.Conclusions:The study revealed that HETI have potent hypoglycaemic action by virtue of its phytoconstituents and it can be used as a herbal medicine for diabetes.

Studies on the carbohydrate metabolism of sheep. III. The blood glucose during insulin hypoglycaemia

1951 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Reid
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Intermediary Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Intravenous Insulin

The response of sheep to intravenous insulin administration in doses of 0.5-10.0 units per kg. body weight has been studied in detail. The rate of fall of blood glucose following insulin injection is considerably slower than in non-ruminants. Increasing the dosage of insulin from 1 to 5 units per kg., and sometimes to 10 units per kg., does not increase the depth of hypoglycaemia, but merely increases its duration. The blood-glucose level following such doses of insulin falls, in most sheep, to a level of 5-10 mg. per cent. and remains relatively constant until it returns to normal. At these levels, severe hypoglycaemic signs were never observed, even when the hypoglycaemia was of several hours' duration. These results are compared with those obtained by others on cattle and goats and it is suggested that the response of sheep to insulin is similar in all respects to that shown by cattle and goats. From a consideration of the experimental results, it is suggested that the differences in response to insulin between ruminants and non-ruminants may be due to fundamental differences in endocrine balance which, in turn, are conditioned by differences in intermediary metabolism.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of the Blood Glucose Regulation System in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Karpel’ev ◽  
Yu. I. Filippov ◽  
Yu. V. Tarasov ◽  
M. D. Boyarsky ◽  
A. Yu. Mayorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Wide Range

Interest in the mathematical modeling of the carbohydrate metabolism regulation system increases in recent years. This is associated with a «closed loop» insulin pump development (it controls an insulin infusion depending on the blood glucose level). To create an algorithm for the automatic control of insulin (and other hormones) infusion using an insulin pump it is necessary to accurately predict glycaemia level. So, the primary objective of mathematical modeling is to predict the blood glucose level changes, caused by the wide range of external factors. This review discusses the main mathematical models of blood glucose level control physiological system (simplified insulin–glucose system). The two major classes of models — empirical and theoretical — are described in detail. The ideal mathematical model of carbohydrate metabolism regulatory system is absent. However, the success in the field of blood glucose level control modeling and simulating is essential for the further development of diabetes prevention and treatment technologies, and creating an artificial pancreas in particular.

scholarly journals CarbMetSim:A discrete-event simulator for carbohydrate metabolism in humans

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukul Goyal ◽  
Buket Aydas ◽  
Husam Ghazaleh ◽  
Sanjay Rajasekharan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper describesCarbMetSim, adiscrete-eventsimulator that tracks the blood glucose level of a person in response to a timed sequence of diet and exercise activities.CarbMetSimimplements broader aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in human beings with the objective of capturing the average impact of various diet/exercise activities on the blood glucose level. Key organs (stomach, intestine, portal vein, liver, kidney, muscles, adipose tissue, brain and heart) are implemented to the extent necessary to capture their impact on the production and consumption of glucose. Key metabolic pathways (glucose oxidation, glycolysisandgluconeogenesis) are accounted for in the operation of different organs. The impact of insulin and insulin resistance on the operation of various organs and pathways is captured in accordance with published research.CarbMetSimprovides broad flexibility to configure the insulin production ability, the average flux along various metabolic pathways and the impact of insulin resistance on different aspects of carbohydrate metabolism. The simulator does not yet have a detailed implementation of protein and lipid metabolism.

THE CRITICALLY ILL CHILD: SALICYLATE INTOXICATION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-444
Author(s):  
William E. Segar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Pharmacologic Agent ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Salicylate Intoxication

Salicylate is a potent pharmacologic agent, and the rational therapy of salicylate intoxication must be based on an understanding of its pharmacologic actions and consequent pathophysiologic effects.l Because it acts to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in a manner analogous to that of 2,4-dinitrophenol, salicylate is, first of all, a general metabolic stimulant.2 Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide formation, and heat production are increased by its action; consequently, oxygen requirement, blood CO2 concentration, and the need to eliminate heat are also increased. Respiration, heart rate, and cardiac output must increase to satisfy the demands imposed by the acceleration of metabolic processes. Second, saiicylate interferes in a complex manner with the normal metabolism of carbohydrate.3 Many factors seem to be involved, some tending to decrease and others to increase the blood glucose concentralion, and, clinically, either hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia may be observed. Hyperglycemia may be partially explained by the release of epinephrmne due to activation of hypothalamic sympathetic centers. However, large doses of salicyiate also decrease aerobic metabolism and increase glucose-6-phosphatase activity, effects which tend to increase the blood glucose level. Hypoglycemia, on the other hand, may be caused by an increased utilization of glucose by peripheral tissues or by interference with gluconeogenesis by salicylates. Recent studies suggest that brain glucose concentration may be decreased despite minimal alterations in blood glucose level.4 As a result of these salicylate-mnduced alterations in carbohydrate metabolism, organic acids, particularly lactic, pyruvic, and acetoacetic, accumuiate.5 Infants appear to be particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of salicylate on carbohydrate metabolism and are more likely to have disturbances in blood glucose concentration and metabolic acidosis than are older children.

scholarly journals Relationship of plasma aldosterone levels and carbohydrate metabolism in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3991
Author(s):  
A. N. Shevelok
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction

Aim. To determine the relationship between the blood aldosterone levels and parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Material and methods. This cross-sectional study included 158 patients with stable HFpEF. HFpEF was established in the presence of symptoms and/or signs of HF, left ventricular ejection fraction >50%, increased blood NT-proBNP levels, and characteristic structural cardiac changes according to echocardiography. The study did not include patients with primary hyperaldosteronism and those taking mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists within the previous 6 weeks. In all patients, the blood aldosterone and carbohydrate metabolism parameters were assessed. The aldosterone levels were determined by the enzyme immunoassay and the concentration of 40-160 pg/ml was considered the reference values. Diabetes was diagnosed in the following cases: history of diabetes, treatment with antidiabetic drugs, blood glucose level ≥7,0 mmol/L in two samples or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >6,5%. Prediabetes was recorded if the blood glucose level in a patient without diabetes was in the range of ≥5,6 mmol/L and<7,0 mmol/L.Results. In 99 patients (62,7%, group 1), the aldosterone levels were within the normal range, while in the remaining 59 patients (37,3%, group 2), it exceeded the upper limit. Patients with hyperaldosteronemia compared with those with normal aldosterone levels had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose levels (6,60 (6,00-7,90) mmol/L vs 5,80 (5,25-6,80) mmol/L, p<0,001) and HOMA value (5,86±1,12 vs 4,46±1,02, p=0,01). HbA1c levels did not differ significantly between groups. Patients of the 2nd group more often suffered from diabetes (39,0% vs 19,2%, p<0,001) and hyperglycemia in general (89,8% vs 61,6%, p=0,011) compared with patients of the 1st group. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between the level of aldosterone and blood glucose (r=0,29), HbA1c (r=0,17) and HOMA (r=0,23) values. After standardization by age, HF class, body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol and blood potassium levels in multivariate analysis, the presence of hyperaldosteronemia was significantly correlated with diabetes (odds ratio, 1,64, 95% confidence interval, 1,14-3,32, p=0,013) and hyperglycemia (odds ratio, 2,84, 95% confidence interval, 1,94-14,2, p=0,008). Conclusion. The development of secondary hyperaldosteronism in patients with HFpEF is associated with a significant increase in the risk of hyperglycemia and diabetes.

Metrological support of individual blood glucose meters in telemedicine

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Yu.F. Glukhov ◽  
N.V. Krutikov ◽  
A.V. Ivanov ◽  
N.P. Muravskaya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Measurement Devices ◽  
Real Practice ◽  
Health Care Centers ◽  
Medical Measurement

We have studied and analyzed status and metrological supervision of blood glucose monitors, individual devices for a person’s blood glucose level measurement. It has been indicated that nowadays blood glucose monitors like other individual devices for medical measurement are not allowed to be involved in telemedicine public service. This accounts for absence of metrological supervision with these measurement devices in telemedicine. In addition, the key problem is absence of safe methods and means of remote verificaition, calibration and transmission of measurement data to health care centers. The article offers a remote test method for blood glucose monitors using a number of resistors with values correlating with measured blood glucose level. The available method has been successfully trialed in real practice.

PENGENDALIAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH OLEH TEH HIJAU DAN ATAU TEH DAUN MURBEI PADA TIKUS DIABETES

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Rusman Efendi ◽  
Evy Damayanthi ◽  
Lilik Kustiyah ◽  
Nastiti Kusumorini
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Font Size ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Diabetes

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 7.1pt 6pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Diabetes mellitus is degeneratif disease with high prevalence that happens in many countries. Several studies had been done to control diabetes by using green tea, mullberry leaf  tea, and their mixture. The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of the administration green tea, mullbery leaf tea, and their mixtures to blood glucose level of diabetic rats both during 120 minutes after administration. This research had four phases, first to determine the best mullberry leaf tea, second to fourth phases respectively, determine turnover of blood glucose level on normal rats; attempt during 120 minutes on diabetic rats.  The result of research during 120 minutes have showed that blood glucose level on diabetic rats which were administered by green tea, mullberry leaf tea and their mixture is significantly difference with diabetic rats which were administered by water. Blood glucose level at baseline increased at 30<sup>th </sup>minutes and showed the difference significantly and then until 60<sup>th</sup> and 120<sup>th</sup> minutes and relatively stable. During 120 minutes after feed consumption, inhibition of blood glucose level occured increasingly on diabetic rats which were administered by green tea, mullberry leaf tea, and their mixture compared to diabetic rats which were administered by water.</span></p>

Anti-diabetic activity of diphenhydramine in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5067-5070
Author(s):  
Pang Jyh Chayng ◽  
Nurul Ain ◽  
Kaswandi Md Ambia ◽  
Rahim Md Noah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I

The purpose of this project is to study the anti-diabetic effect of on a diabetic rat model. A total of Twenty male Sprague rats were used and it randomly distributed into four groups which are Group I: , Group II: negative control, Group III: and Group IV: and . In diabetic model were induced with via injection at the dosage of 65mg/kg. and FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose) level of diabetic rats were assessed every three days. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture at day 21 after the induction of treatment. Insulin level of the rats was assessed with the Mercodia Rat Insulin ELISA kit. FBG level of group I (12.16 ±3.96, p&lt;0.05) and group IV (11.34 ±3.67, p&lt;0.05) were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the for all rats did not show any significant increase. However, the insulin level was escalated in group IV (0.74+0.25, p&lt;0.05) significantly. The present study shows that the and the combination of and lowered blood glucose level and enhanced insulin secretion.

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