Sexual Satisfaction and Sexual Behaviors During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Results From the International Sexual Health and Reproductive (I-SHARE) Health Survey in Luxembourg

Aim: To identify the impact of COVID-19 measures on sexual behaviors and sexual satisfaction in Luxembourg residents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of adults (> 18 years of age) residing in Luxembourg, while COVID-19 restrictions were in place. The survey was available in four languages (French, German, English and Portuguese). Survey questions focused on masturbation, cuddling, condom use, sex frequency, sexting, cybersex, watching porn, and sexual satisfaction.Results: 557 volunteers completed the survey (35.5% men, 64.3% women). Sexual problems increased during the COVID-19 measures while sexual satisfaction decreased compared to prior the COVID-19 measures (assessed retrospectively). Factors associated with increased odds of sexual satisfaction were: having a steady relationship before COVID-19 restrictions, engaging in sexting, reporting good mental health and not altering alcohol intake.Conclusions: The context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented in Luxembourg affected sexual behaviors and sexual satisfaction. Sexual and reproductive health care centers and health professionals in general should take these results into consideration when providing care. Recommendations on the importance of sexual health for general wellbeing and behaviors associated with sexual satisfaction should be offered and possibilities to experience sexuality while reducing contamination risks be discussed.

Caregivers’ Satisfaction toward Under-Five Health Care Services Provided at Primary Health Care Centers in Al Karkh, Baghdad, 2020

Background: Satisfied caregivers are more likely to return for further care and to recommend the primary health care center services to others. Satisfied caregivers usually are compliant with the medical provider advice and the recommended treatment plan. Compliance will eventually lead to better health outcomes. Method: A cross-sectional study with an analytic element was conducted during the period from the beginning of July to the end of September 2020. A convenient sample was collected from six primary health care centers in Al-Karkh side of Baghdad city where caregivers who attend those centers with their children for under-five health care services were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.Objective: To measure the caregivers’ satisfaction toward under-five health care services at primary health care centers in Baghdad Al-Karkh and their association with certain socio-demographic characteristics. Results: A total of 500 caregivers were interviewed during the study period, the overall satisfaction was (64%). Caregivers were satisfied with primary health care centers cleanliness (77.8%), while they were highly dissatisfied with the communication with the nurses (78.8%), with the waiting time for a routine visit (74.6%), with nurses’ antiseptic methods (59.2%), and with the availability and adequacy of their children’s vaccines (65.4%). Conclusions: The level of satisfaction of caregivers with under-five health care services provided at primary health care centers was relatively low. The study revealed that the less educated and older caregivers showed a significant higher level of satisfaction.

Clients' Satisfaction with Immunization Services at Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad, Al-Karkh

Background: Client satisfaction with the immunization service is used to evaluate the quality of the admitted service and at the same time it affects the goodness of the health care outcome. Objectives: This study assessed the satisfaction with immunization services offered to children and factors affecting this satisfaction. Methods: Exit interviews for clients were conducted in Baghdad, Al-Karkh in a representative sample of primary health care centers to assess clients’ satisfaction with immunization services. Clients are companions of children encountered at study settings. Results: Among the 253 respondent clients, 183 (72.3%) reflected satisfaction with the immunization services administered to their children at primary health care centers and 70 (27.7%) were dissatisfied. This satisfaction was significantly associated with younger age of clients (P < 0.05), clients who are mothers of the accompanied children (P < 0.05), and waiting no more than 30 minutes at the health facility to obtain immunization (P < 0.05). The major cause of dissatisfaction was the long waiting time before receiving the service. Conclusion: Although the majority of clients are satisfied with immunization services; it is important to shorten the time consumed for vaccinating children at PHCCs in a way that gains more satisfied clients.

Utility of pneumococcal vaccine among elderly population in buraidah primary health care centers

Background: People with chronic diseases tend to land up with high mortality and morbidity. Objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of Pneumococcal vaccine utility among the 50 years and above age group population, to find the demographic profile, the knowledge of PCV among the general population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted randomly in 6 primary health care centers in Buraidah city, Saudi Arabia from the aged 50 years and above population. Sample size was calculated by using WHO statistical software for sample size determination, the result of sample size was 236 participants. A interview-based questionnaire was used after obtaining consent from each participant. Data entered and analyzed using the SPSS software 21.0 version. For categorical analysis, chi square test was applied.Results: In the present study, a total of 202 samples of the population has participated and response rate was 86%. About only 12.9% (26/202) of study population taken PCV vaccine in the study. About 79.7% were having different chronic diseases. About 83.7% were given a response as PCV prevents the disease. There was statistically significant association was observed between different levels of education and chronic heart disease with PCV vaccination status (p<0.05).Conclusions: Based on the study results, Pneumococcal vaccination coverage was low, in comparison with Riyadh study in 2018; our study vaccination coverage was more. Still need Health promotional measures among the general public to increase the coverage of PCV.

The Burden of Disease and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Preschool Children Attending the Well-Baby Clinic in the National Guard Primary Health Care Centers in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia

Aims: To estimate the burden and risk factor of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) in preschool children attending well-baby clinics in primary health care centers of the National Guard in Jeddah. Study Design: Cross Sectional study design Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the primary health care centers of the National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which are the specialized polyclinic namely Iskan clinic district and Bahra Clinic. The study was started on 26 September, 2018 to January 2020. Methodology: A cross-sectional study included all preschool children aged 2-5 years attending well-baby clinics. Data were collected by distributing a self-developed and validated questionnaire to parents or guardians in waiting areas outside the well-baby clinics. Results: A total of 286 participants met the inclusion criteria. Anemia was found in 9.8% children. The prevalence of IDA among the participants was only 6.3%, but it was the most common compared to other types of anemia. The only findings that were found statistically significant with anemia were family history (P = 0.001) and use of supplement (P = 0.000). Conclusion: IDA is still the most prevalent type of anemia; however, it was found in only 6.3% participants. The only statistically significant factors associated with anemia were positive family history and supplement intake.

Evaluation of reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2

The main strategy for response and control of COVID-19 demands the use of rapid, accurate diagnostic tests aimed at the first point of health care. During the emergency, an increase in asymptomatic and symptomatic cases results in a great demand for molecular tests, which is promoting the development and application of rapid diagnostic technologies. In this study, we describe the development and evaluation of RT-LAMP to detect SARS-CoV-2 based on three genes (ORF1ab, M and N genes) in monoplex and triplex format. RT-LAMP assays were compared with the gold standard method RT-qPCR. The triplex format (RdRp, M and N genes) allowed obtaining comparable results with de RT-qPCR (RdRp and E genes), presented a sensitivity of 98.9% and a specificity of 97.9%, opening the opportunity to apply this method to detect SARS-CoV-2 at primary health-care centers.

Barriers, Facilitators, and Proposals for Improvement in the Implementation of a Collaborative Care Program for Depression: A Qualitative Study of Primary Care Doctor and Nurse Experiences

Background: Primary care plays a central role in the treatment of depression. Nonetheless, shortcomings in its management and suboptimal outcomes have been identified. Collaborative care models improve processes for the management of depressive disorders and associated outcomes. We developed a strategy to implement the INDI collaborative care program for the management of depression in primary health care centers across Catalonia. The aim of this qualitative study was to evaluate a trial implementation of the program to identify barriers, facilitators, and proposals for improvement. Methods: One year after the implementation of the INDI program in 18 public primary health care centers we performed a qualitative study in which the opinions and experiences of 23 primary care doctors and nurses from the participating centers were explored in focus groups. We performed thematic content analysis of the focus group transcripts. Results: The results were organized into three categories: facilitators, barriers, and proposals for improvement as perceived by the health care professionals involved. The most important facilitator identified was the perception that the INDI collaborative care program could be a useful tool for reorganizing processes and improving the management of depression in primary care, currently viewed as deficient. The main barriers identified were of an organizational nature: heavy workloads, lack of time, high staff turnover and shortages, and competing demands. Additional obstacles were inertia and resistance to change among health care professionals. Proposals for improvement included institutional buy-in to guarantee enduring support and the organizational changes needed for successful implementation.Conclusions: The INDI program is perceived as a useful, viable program for improving the management of depression in primary care. Uptake by primary care centers and health care professionals, however, was poor. The identification and analysis of barriers and facilitators will help refine the strategy to achieve successful, widespread implementation.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03285659; Registered 18th September, 2017.