Studies on the carbohydrate metabolism of sheep. III. The blood glucose during insulin hypoglycaemia

1951 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Reid
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Intermediary Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Intravenous Insulin

The response of sheep to intravenous insulin administration in doses of 0.5-10.0 units per kg. body weight has been studied in detail. The rate of fall of blood glucose following insulin injection is considerably slower than in non-ruminants. Increasing the dosage of insulin from 1 to 5 units per kg., and sometimes to 10 units per kg., does not increase the depth of hypoglycaemia, but merely increases its duration. The blood-glucose level following such doses of insulin falls, in most sheep, to a level of 5-10 mg. per cent. and remains relatively constant until it returns to normal. At these levels, severe hypoglycaemic signs were never observed, even when the hypoglycaemia was of several hours' duration. These results are compared with those obtained by others on cattle and goats and it is suggested that the response of sheep to insulin is similar in all respects to that shown by cattle and goats. From a consideration of the experimental results, it is suggested that the differences in response to insulin between ruminants and non-ruminants may be due to fundamental differences in endocrine balance which, in turn, are conditioned by differences in intermediary metabolism.

Antidiabetic potential of polyphenolic-rich fraction of Tamarindus indica seed coat in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Singh Bhadoriya ◽  
Aditya Ganeshpurkar ◽  
Ravi Pratap Singh Bhadoriya ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Sahu ◽  
Jay Ram Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Isolated Rat

AbstractBackground:Tamarindusis a monotypic genus and belongs to the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the family Leguminosae (Fabaceae),Tamarindus indicaL., commonly known as Tamarind tree is one of the most important multipurpose tropical fruit tree species in the India, Sudan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and entire subcontinent.Methods:Hydroethanolic seed coat extract ofTamarindus indica(HETI) was assessed for presence of phytoconstituents and selection of optimum dose through acute and sub acute toxicity study. The single and multidose (14 days) study were conducted to evaluate antidiabetic potential of HETI in alloxan induced rats via determine of blood glucose level, body weight, hematological profile, extra-pancreatic glucose utilization of isolated rat hemi-diaphragm as well as histopathology of rat pancreas.Results:Phytochemical analysis of HETI showed the presence of polyphenol like flavonoids. Single and multidose of HETI significantly (p<0.05; p<0.001) reduced blood glucose level in normoglycaemic, glucose loaded and alloxan induced hyperglycaemic animals. HETI exerts the protective effect on pancreatic β-cells as per results obtained from histopathology of animals. Moreover, HETI increased glucose uptake in isolated rat hemi-diaphragm and prevents decrease in body weight along with recovery of altered hematological parameters.Conclusions:The study revealed that HETI have potent hypoglycaemic action by virtue of its phytoconstituents and it can be used as a herbal medicine for diabetes.

scholarly journals Treatment of Diabetic Condition in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wister Rats Using Food Blends Such as Unripe Plantain, Soybean and Ginger

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
I. Iwanegbe ◽  
M. Suleiman ◽  
A. Jimah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Aims: To investigate the effect of food blends (plantain, soybean and ginger) on the blood glucose, lipid profile and haematological indices on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methodology: A total of 35 rats of mean body weight 219.07 g separated into7 groups (5 per group) where induced by a single intraperitoneal (I.P) injection of streptozotocin (0.1 g dissolved in 5 ml of freshly prepared sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5) at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight after fasting for 12 hours and fed with flours/blends. The flours were produced from plant materials for different treatments/blends (blend A=100% unripe plantain, B=80% unripe plantain, 14% soybean, 6% ginger, C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger, D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger, E= 50% unripe plantain, 50% soybean) and the phytochemicals and minerals content were determined. Blood glucose was determined at 5 days interval for 25 days. Diabetes was confirmed in rats with blood glucose concentrations >200 mg/dl. After 25 days rats were anaesthetized with chloroform vapour and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for haematology and lipid profile determination. Results: The results showed that unripe plantain, soya beans and ginger in adequate proportion(C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger or D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger) could help to reduce blood glucose, improve haematological parameters and lipid profile. Significant reduction was observed in the blood glucose level of rats fed blends C and D from 286 to 85 mg/dl and 307 to 90 mg/dl respectively at the end of experiment. These results also demonstrated that the inclusion of ginger at 6% causes rise in blood glucose level. Total cholesterol (TC) increased in all the blends. However, the lowest concentration of TC was observed in blends C and D. The highest packed cell volume (60%) and Haemoglobin (20 g/dl) level observed in rats fed blend C was significantly higher than the normal control fed conventional feeds. The increase in packed cell volume (PCV) (50%) and Hb (17 g/dl) in diabetic rats demonstrated that the formulated blend C was able to raise PCV and Hb above 50% and 17 g/dl (Normal control NC) respectively. Significant increase (P<0.05) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) was also observed in all the blends with blend C having the least (4.0 mg/dl) close to NC (2.0 mg/dl). Conclusion: From the results it is evident that blend C will manage and improve the health status of diabetic patients.

Hepatoproective Nature of Aerial parts of Caesalpinia pulcherrima in STZ Induced Diabetic Rat Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 3716-3720
Author(s):  
Pooja Pooja ◽  
Mazumder Avijit ◽  
Soumya Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Liver Marker Enzymes

Diabetes is a chronic disease which characterized by hyperglycemia (elevated or abnormally high blood sugar levels) and other metabolic disturbances, including metabolism of lipids and haemostasis. Caesalpinia pulcherrima has previously showed strong anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective potential. The present research work was to investigate the anti-diabetic activity and hepatoprotective activity Caesalpinia pulcherrima in streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. The dose-dependent effects of 45days oral treatment with methanol extract of plant (200 and 300mg/kg) of CPAE on body weight, blood glucose level, total protein, albumin, liver marker enzymes and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were evaluated in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration methanolic extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima of showed significant restoration of the body weight and decrease in the blood glucose level, liver marker enzymes (ALT, AST ALP) and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were observed in diabetic rats. These results suggest that fruit extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima has valuable anti-diabetic activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats which is comparable to the standard drug metformin and hence might be of use in the management of diabetes.

scholarly journals Effects of Fruits Extracts of Three Medicinal Plants on the Blood Glucose Level of Glucose-induced Hyperglycemic and Normal Rabbit Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikram Ilahi ◽  
Asghar Khan ◽  
Ubaid Ullah ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Jawad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Lowering Activity

The fruits of Pistacia integerrima (PI), Withania coagulans (WC) and Withania somnifera (WS) have been reported for their medicinal values. The aim of the present study was to compare the glucose lowering activities of the fruit extracts of these three medicinal plants in glucose induced non-diabetic hyperglycemic and normal rabbit models. During the first phase of experiments, the effects of oral administration of 70% methanol extract of each plant fruit (600 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg body weight) were studied on the glucose level of glucose induced hyperglycemic rabbits, while in the second phase of experiments, the effects of each fruit extract (600 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg body weight) were assessed on the glucose level of normal rabbits. Among the three fruit extracts, maximum reduction in the blood glucose level was caused by the PI extract (P ˂0.05). The glucose lowering activity of the PI extract was greater than that of the standard, glibenclamide (5mg/kg), during the first phase of experiments. However during the second phase of experiments the hypoglycemic effect of the PI extract was comparable to that of the standard, glibenclamide (5mg/kg). In conclusion the present study reveals that the 70% methanol extract of Pistacia integerrima fruit can decrease glucose level significantly in glucose induced non-diabetic hyperglycemic and normal rabbit models.

Roles of estrogen receptor α and β in the regulation of body weight and blood glucose level in male mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. e164
Author(s):  
Mariko Nakata ◽  
Kazuhiro Sano ◽  
Mumeko C. Tsuda ◽  
Nandini Vasudevan ◽  
Sonoko Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Male Mice

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise in Improving Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Healthcare ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Stefan Sebastian Busnatu ◽  
Liviu Ionut Serbanoiu ◽  
Andreea Elena Lacraru ◽  
Catalina Liliana Andrei ◽  
Cosmina Elena Jercalau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Overweight Children

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of exercise in improving cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight children and adolescents until the adolescent age, which is 18 years. A systemic search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, from inception to 29 June 2021. All statistical analyses were conducted in Review Manager 5.4.1. All studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. A random-effect model was used to pool the studies, and the results are reported in the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% Confidence interval (CI). Twelve randomized control trials were selected for meta-analysis. Significant results were obtained for BMI in children after the interventions (0.38 95% CI 0.14, 0.62; p = 0.002; I2 = 65%). LDL level was also found significantly reduced (0.41 95% CI 0.01, 0.82; p = 0.05; I2 = 83%). Other factors such as HDL level, blood pressure, blood glucose level, body weight, and waist circumference were also analyzed. We found that exercise interventions significantly improved several cardiometabolic risk factors such as BMI, LDL level, BP, and blood glucose level. However, no significant effect on HDL concentration, waist circumference, and body weight were found. Long-term interventions are needed to attain improvement in all cardiometabolic risk factors.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antihiperglikemik dari Ekstrak Etanol dan Heksana Tumbuhan Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth) pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang Hiperglikemik

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Sariyana Togubu ◽  
Lidya I. Momuat ◽  
Jessy E. Paendong ◽  
Navila Salma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Test Method

Telah dilakukan penelitian kadar glukosa darah tikus wistar yang hiperglikemia pada pemberian ekstrak etanol dan heksana tumbuhan suruhan (Peperomia pellucida [L]. Kunth). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode uji toleransi glukosa, terhadap 16 ekor tikus jantan wistar yang hiperglikemia akibat diinduksi sukrosa. Selanjutnya, tikus dibagi dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (K-) diberi CMC 0,5%, kelompok kontrol positif (K+) diberi Glibenklamid dosis 0,45 mg/kgBB, kelompok ekstrak etanol tumbuhan suruhan (EETS) dosis 40 mg/kgBB, dan kelompok ekstrak heksana tumbuhan suruhan (EHTS) dosis 40 mg/kgBB. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 4 ekor tikus. Kadar glukosa darah tikus diukur dengan alat Drglukometer pada menit ke-30, 60, dan 120 setelah diberikan perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada menit ke-120, kadar glukosa darah tikus pada kelompok EETS dan EHTS masing-masing turun sebesar 54,57% dan 51,25%, dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan K(+). Kadar glukosa darah kelompok K(+) dan EETS pada menit ke-120 mencapai kadar yang sama dengan keadaan basal (normal). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan heksana tumbuhan suruhan dengan dosis 40 mg/KgBB memiliki efek hipoglikemik pada tikus jantan wistar yang hiperglikemia.A study on blood glucose level in hyperglycemic wistar rats treated with ethanol and hexane extracts of suruhan (Peperomia pellucida [L]. Kunth) had been done. This study used glucose tolerance test method applied on 16 male wistar rats which were hyperglycemic by sucrose induction. The rats were divided into four treatment groups, each of which contained four rats, which were negative control (K-) group treated with CMC 0.5%, positive control (K+) group treated with glibenclamide 0.45 mg/kg body weight, group treated with ethanol extract of P. pellucida (EETS) 40 mg/kg body weight, and group treated with hexane extract of P. pellucida (EHTS) 40 mg/kg body weight. Glucose level in rat blood was measured using Drglucometer at minute 30, 60, and 120 after treatment. The results showed that at minute 120 the blood glucose level of EETS and EHTS was decreased by 54.57% and 51.25%, respectively, which were not significantly different from K(+). At minute 120, blood glucose of K(+) and EETS reached the same level with that of basal (normal) state. It was concluded that ethanol and hexane extract of P. pellucida 40 mg/kg body weight had hypoglycemic effect on hyperglycemic wistar rats.

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