scholarly journals The volumetric measurement of gastric emptying and gastric secretion by a radioisotope method

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 940-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Hinder ◽  
Bernard K. P. Horn ◽  
Cedric G. Bremner
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Volumetric Measurement ◽  
Radioisotope Method

Effects of bombesin on food intake and gastric acid secretion in cats

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. R181-R186
Author(s):  
A. Bado ◽  
M. J. Lewin ◽  
M. Dubrasquet
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Fistula ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Heidenhain Pouch ◽  
Daily Food Intake ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Daily Food

The brain and gut peptide bombesin has been reported both to stimulate gastric secretion and to induce satiety. To understand how the peripheral administration of bombesin affects food intake and whether gastric mechanisms are involved, a comparative study of the doses of bombesin active on gastric secretion, gastric emptying, and food intake was undertaken in cats provided with a gastric fistula and a denervated Heidenhain pouch. The smallest dose of intravenous bombesin that stimulated significantly basal acid secretion (20 pmol.kg-1.h-1) by the gastric fistula also enhanced meal-stimulated acid secretion by the Heidenhain pouch (+138%, P less than 0.01), delayed gastric emptying of a liquid protein meal (-30%, P less than 0.01), and suppressed food intake when the test meal was allowed to reach the stomach (-15%, P less than 0.01). Conversely, in sham-feeding experiments, the same dose of bombesin increased food intake (+35%, P less than 0.01). In full-day experiments conducted in nonfasted cats, bombesin decreased both the food intake in the 4-h period after the infusion and the daily food intake, whereas octapeptide cholecystokinin induced a transient satiety but did not decrease daily food intake. These results indicate that in cats the interaction of bombesin with "pregastric" mechanisms is not sufficient to induce satiety and that a relation could exist between the effects of bombesin on gastric secretion, emptying, and food intake. A single class of receptors might be involved in these peripheral effects of bombesin.

Duodenogastric reflux in the dog

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. G603-G607
Author(s):  
A. Sonnenberg ◽  
S. A. Muller-Lissner ◽  
G. Schattenmann ◽  
J. R. Siewert ◽  
A. L. Blum
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Duodenogastric Reflux ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate

Duodenogastric reflux, gastric emptying, and gastric secretion were measured simultaneously by a double-marker technique after instillation of a liquid lipid meal (300 ml Intralipid) or a protein meal (300 ml Bactopeptone) in five trained mongrel dogs. A lipid meal was emptied slower and elicited less volume secretion than a protein meal. Duodenogastric reflux rate and intragastric accumulation of duodenal contents were similar with both meals. Intravenous infusion of atropine slowed gastric emptying and inhibited gastric volume secretion only in the case of protein meal. Atropine increased duodenogastric reflux rate and gastric accumulation of duodenal contents with both protein and lipid meals. The percentage of duodenal contents inside the stomach increased continuously during gastric emptying; it did not exceed 20% with both meals given alone and 40% with both meals given together with atropine. It is concluded that duodenogastric reflux and gastric accumulation of duodenal contents are common phenomena during gastric digestion of a meal. The degree of such accumulation does not depend on the type of meal. Intragastric accumulation of duodenal contents is increased when duodenogastric reflux rate is stimulated and when gastric emptying rate is inhibited simultaneously.

scholarly journals Effect of Secretin and Cholecystokinin on Gastric Emptying and Gastric Secretion in Man

1970 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.Y. Chey ◽  
S. Hitanant ◽  
J. Hendricks ◽  
S.H. Lorber
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Secretion

scholarly journals The effect of dietary fibre isolates on gastric secretion, acidity and emptying

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Variable Effect

1. In six volunteers, the effect of intragastric administration of different water-soluble chemical isolates of dietary fibre on gastric secretion, acidity and emptying was studied.2. At 30 min after administration of the test meals, the stomach contents were completely aspirated and the volume, pH, phenol red concentration, total titratable acidity and different electrolytes were measured.3. Compared with the control meal, the pH and unionized (combined) hydrogen concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) following most of the fibre-containing meals, while the total titratable acid concentration was not significantly different. None of the fibre-containing meals appreciably altered the volume or type of gastric secretion but had a low-grade variable effect on gastric emptying.4. It is concluded that most dietary fibre isolates, although having a definite and notable buffering effect on the acid in the stomach, have a minimal effect on gastric secretion and a variable and small effect on gastric emptying.

Gastric emptying and secretion in the rhesus monkey.

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. E186 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Dubois ◽  
B H Natelson ◽  
P van Eerdewegh ◽  
J D Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Constant Coefficient ◽  
Order Process ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
First Order ◽  
Fractional Rate ◽  
Gastric Contents ◽  
Water Secretion

The volume and composition of the gastric contents as well as the rates of gastric emptying and secretion were determined simultaneously in conscious chair-adapted monkeys. These determinations were made during fasting and after a liquid meal, thereby allowing studies of the physiologic variables which regulate gastric emptying and gastric secretion. Administration of a water meal is followed by a complex pattern of changes in rates of secretion as well as the fractional rate of emptying. During administration of a 100-ml water meal (pH 7.4), intragastric volume increased while acid concentration decreased; both then returned to fasting values 50 min later. The fractional rate of emptying increased fivefold during administration of the water meal, returned to basal values after 30 min, and then increased again, indicating that gastric emptying cannot be characterized as a simple first-order process with a constant coefficient. The pattern of the change in the rate of water secretion was similar to that for fractional gastric emptying. In contrast, after the meal, gastric acid secretion increased steadily and did not become maximal until 20 min.

Accelerated gastric emptying in VMH-lesioned rats is secondary to excess weight gain

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (3) ◽  
pp. R658-R661
Author(s):  
R. M. Black ◽  
K. L. Conover ◽  
H. P. Weingarten
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Primary Effect ◽  
Excess Weight Gain ◽  
Gain Measurement ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Stomach Secretions

This experiment evaluates the hypothesis that an accelerated rate of gastric emptying accounts for the hyperphagia and obesity after lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). Gastric emptying was measured for 16 days after the production of VMH lesions in rats maintained either ad libitum or on restricted eating. Only ad libitum VMH-lesioned rats demonstrated faster than normal rates of emptying. However, VMH rats maintained at control weights showed normal rates of gastric emptying and, even in ad libitum rats, accelerated emptying was not apparent immediately after lesions. These findings indicate that changes of emptying are not a primary effect of VMH lesions but that this dysfunction develops secondarily as a consequence of excess eating and weight gain. Measurement of stomach secretions demonstrated, however, that VMH lesions did result in an immediate and direct effect on gastric secretion. These findings mitigate the importance of gastric emptying in the etiology of the VMH syndrome. Other data consistent with this conclusion are reviewed.

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